Indlela Yokubala Isonto Lokukhulelwa Nosuku Lokuzalwa? Okufanele Ukwazi
Ukuhlela Inqubo Yokukhulelwa: Isinyathelo Sokuqala Usuku Lokugcina Lokuya Esikhathini
Ukulandelwa kwenqubo yokukhulelwa ngendlela enempilo nenembile kubalulekile kakhulu empilweni yomama ozobe ekhulelwe kanye nengane. Ukubalwa kwesonto lokukhulelwa nosuku olungenzeka lokuzalwa kuyisisekelo sale nqubo yokuhlela. Imvamisa, iphuzu lokuqala elisetshenziswa kulokhu kubalwa usuku lokuqala lokugcina lokuya esikhathini. Le ndlela esetshenziswa kakhulu odokotela bokubelethisa nabesifazane abakhulelwe, inezindlela ezihlukile kokukhulelwa okuzenzakalelayo nakwezokuzaliswa okusekelwe ezobuchwepheshe.
Ukukhulelwa kuvame ukubhekwa njengokuthatha amasonto angama-40. Izinga elijwayelekile emhlabeni wonke, ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi esiqondile sokukhulelwa asaziwa, ukuthatha usuku lokugcina lokuya esikhathini njengokuqala kokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungadala ukudideka kwabanye abesifazane ekubaleni amasonto noma usuku lokuzalwa kwengane.
Isikhathi Sokukhulelwa Sithatha Isikhathi Esingakanani? Ingane Izalelwa Nini?
Ngokwezokwelapha, ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe amasonto angama-40 (cishe izinsuku ezingama-280). Kodwa-ke, usuku oluqondile lokuzalwa luhlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Izinto eziningi ezifana neminyaka kamama, isisindo, isimo sempilo jikelele kanye nokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini zingathinta isikhathi sokuzalwa. Yingakho usuku lokuzalwa olulinganiselwe lusetshenziswa njengesethenjwa; iningi labesifazane bazala eduze kwalesi sikhathi, kodwa kungenzeka ukuzalwa kwenzeke ngaphambi noma ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa.
Ulwazi olunembile mayelana nesikhathi sokuzalwa lunikezwa udokotela okhethekile kwezokubelethisa. Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo yomama nengane.
Kungani Kusetyenziswa Usuku Lokugcina Lokuya Esikhathini Ekubalweni Kwamaviki Okukhulelwa?
Ekukhulelweni okuzenzakalelayo, usuku oluqondile lokukhulelwa nokuhlangana kweqanda nesidoda alwaziwa. Izidoda zingahlala emzimbeni wesifazane izinsuku ezingu-3–4, iqanda lona lingahlala cishe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokuba life. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukunquma usuku oluqondile lokuqala kokukhulelwa. Usuku lokuqala lokugcina lokuya esikhathini luthathwa njengokuqala kokukhulelwa ngokwezinga lamazwe omhlaba kwezokwelapha. Lolu suku luhlanganisa nesikhathi lapho umzimba ulungiselela ukukhulelwa, nakuba ukuxubana kweqanda nesidoda kungakenzeki.
Esigabeni somjikelezo wamahomoni, i-hypothalamus kanye ne-pituitary gland kuvuselela ama-ovari; amaqanda avuthwa, elinempilo kakhulu likhishwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa liye ku-fallopian tube. Uma lihlangana nesidoda ngaleso sikhathi, kuba khona ukukhulelwa. Yonke le nqubo ithatha cishe amasonto angu-2–3; abesifazane bavame ukuqala ukusola ukukhulelwa emasontweni angu-4 noma angu-5.
Kwabantu abesifazane abangawazi usuku lokugcina lokuya esikhathini, izilinganiso ze-ultrasound ziyindlela ethembekile yokunquma isonto lokukhulelwa. Ikakhulukazi i-ultrasound eyenziwa esigabeni sokuqala sokukhulelwa, iyindlela enembile ekubalweni kweminyaka yokukhulelwa.
Kwenziwa Kanjani Ukubalwa Kokukhulelwa? Izindlela Ezisebenzayo
Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ukubala isikhathi sokukhulelwa nosuku olungenzeka lokuzalwa, ukufaka izinsuku ezingama-280 (amasonto angama-40) kusukela osukwini lokuqala lokugcina lokuya esikhathini. Le ndlela, eyaziwa ngokuthi yiNaegele Rule, isetshenziswa kabanzi odokotela bokubelethisa emhlabeni wonke.
Enye indlela elula; ukusuka osukwini lokuqala lokugcina lokuya esikhathini, ubuyela izinyanga ezintathu emuva bese wengeza izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Isibonelo, uma usuku lokugcina lokuya esikhathini kungu-5 February, ususa izinyanga ezintathu ufinyelela ku-5 November, bese wengeza izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, usuku olulinganiselwe lokuzalwa luba ngu-12 November.
Ithebula Lokubala Amasonto NamaNyanga Ekukhulelweni
Ubudlelwano phakathi kweviki nenyanga, ikakhulukazi kubesifazane abakhulelwe, buba yinto ebuzwa kakhulu. Nansi ithebula elisetshenziswa kakhulu njengereferensi:
4–5 amasonto: inyanga yokuqala
8–9 amasonto: inyanga yesibili
12–13 amasonto: inyanga yesithathu
16–17 amasonto: inyanga yesine
20–21 amasonto: inyanga yesihlanu
24–25 amasonto: inyanga yesithupha
28–29 amasonto: inyanga yesikhombisa
32–33 amasonto: inyanga yesishiyagalombili
36 amasonto: inyanga yesishiyagalolunye
Ekupheleni kweviki lama-40: izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye nezinsuku eziyishumi
Ukulandelela Isonto Lokukhulelwa Ngezinsiza Eziku-inthanethi Nezinhlelo Zeselula
Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuthuthuke namuhla, ukubala isonto lokukhulelwa nosuku olungenzeka lokuzalwa sekulula kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa izinsiza eziningi ezikuwebhu, izinhlelo zeselula noma izibali ezinconyiwe udokotela wakho. Lezi zinsiza zisiza ukulandelela inqubo ngokuseduze. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole ulwazi oluqondile nolunempilo, kufanele ulandele izincomo zikadokotela wakho okhethekile kwezokubelethisa.
Kwenziwa Kanjani Ukubalwa Kokukhulelwa Ekwelashweni Kwe-IVF?
Ekukhulelweni okwenziwa nge-IVF, ukubalwa kwenziwa ngendlela ehlukile kunokukhulelwa okuzenzakalelayo. Lapha, iphuzu eliyisisekelo usuku lokudluliselwa kwe-embryo. Uma kudluliselwe i-embryo yezinsuku ezi-5, wengeza lezo zinsuku bese uqala ukubala, usebenzisa izindlela ezijwayelekile zokubala ukukhulelwa (engeza amasonto angama-40/izinsuku ezingama-280) ukuze uthole usuku olulinganiselwe lokuzalwa.
Ekukhulelweni kwe-IVF, imvamisa usuku lwenzeka luyaziwa kahle, okwenza ukubikezela usuku lokuzalwa kube nembile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze inqubo ihambe ngokuphepha, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha kanye nezilinganiso ze-ultrasound kubalulekile.
Ukuzalwa Kwesikhathi Esingakafiki: Yini Okufanele Iqaphelwe?
Nakuba isikhathi sokukhulelwa sibhekwa njengamasonto angama-40, ukuzalwa okwenzeka ngaphambi kweviki lama-37 kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuzalwa kwesikhathi esingakafiki". Ingxenye enkulu yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi (cishe u-70% ngokocwaningo oluthile) kwenzeka phakathi kweviki lama-34–37 futhi kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuzalwa kwesikhathi esingakafiki esiphuzile". Abesifazane abengozini yokuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi kufanele balandele ukuhlolwa okuvamile kodokotela ukuze bavikele impilo yabo neyezinsana zabo ngezinyathelo ezifanele zezokwelapha.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe Ukuze Kulandelwe Ukukhulelwa Okunempilo?
Yonke inqubo yokukhulelwa ihlukile. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezempilo, ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukwesekwa ngamavithamini namaminerali okwanele kanye nokulandela izincomo zikadokotela wakho kubalulekile esigabeni sokukhulelwa nasemalungiseleleni okuza kwezinsana. Ukuhlela kahle isikhathi sokukhulelwa kunikeza umama isikhathi sokulungiselela ukuthuthuka kwengane, ukuhlolwa okufanele kanye nokulungiselela ukuzalwa, futhi kwandisa ukuzethemba.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngisesontweni lesingaki sokukhulelwa?
Isonto lokukhulelwa libalwa imvamisa kusukela osukwini lokuqala lokugcina lokuya esikhathini. Uma ungakwazi ukukukhumbula, udokotela wakho angakubalela isonto lokukhulelwa nge-ultrasound.
2. Ingabe usuku lokuzalwa olubaliwe lunembile?
Usuku lokuzalwa olulinganiselwe lusetshenziswa njengesethenjwa futhi iningi labesifazane bazala eduze kwalesi sikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ukuzalwa kungenzeka ngaphambi noma ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa.
3. Ngingazibala kanjani usuku lokuzalwa ngokwami?
Ungathola usuku olulinganiselwe lokuzalwa ngokwengeza izinsuku ezingama-280 kusukela osukwini lokuqala lokugcina lokuya esikhathini noma ususe izinyanga ezintathu bese wengeza izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
4. Kwenziwa kanjani ukubalwa kokukhulelwa ekwelashweni kwe-IVF?
Ekwelashweni kwe-IVF, usuku lokudluliselwa kwe-embryo luyisisekelo. Usuku lokudluliselwa kwe-embryo (isibonelo, uma i-embryo inezinsuku ezi-5, wengeza izinsuku ezi-5) bese usebenzisa indlela ejwayelekile yokubala ukukhulelwa.
5. Uma umjikelezo wami wokuyaphansi ungahlelekile, usuku lokuzalwa luzobalwa kanjani?
Kulabo abanezinkinga zomjikelezo wokuyaphansi, izindlela ezithuthukile zokubona ngaphakathi ezifana ne-ultrasound zisetshenziswa ukunquma isonto lokukhulelwa nosuku lokuzalwa.
6. Kungani isonto lokukhulelwa libalwa ngesonto hhayi ngenyanga?
Ukulandelela ngesonto kuvumela ukuqapha ukuthuthuka kukamama nengane ngendlela enembile; kuyizinga elijwayelekile kwezokwelapha.
7. Kuyini ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kwenzeka ngasiphi isikhathi?
Ukuzalwa okwenzeka ngaphambi kweviki lama-37 kubizwa ngokuthi ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ikakhulukazi ukuzalwa phakathi kweviki lama-34–37 kubizwa ngokuthi ukuzalwa kwesikhathi esingakafiki esiphuzile.
8. Kungani kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokwehluka ekubalweni kwesonto lokukhulelwa?
Izinto zomuntu siqu ezifana nesivinini sokuthuthuka kwengane noma umehluko wokulinganisa nge-ultrasound zingadala umehluko omncane.
9. Ingabe izibali zesonto lokukhulelwa eziku-inthanethi ziphephile?
Ziletha ulwazi olusheshayo kodwa ukuze uthole ulwazi oluqondile noluthembekile kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho okhethekile kwezokubelethisa.
10. Ingabe izimpawu zokukhulelwa zishintsha ngokuhamba kwesonto?
Yebo, njengoba ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka, izinguquko ezibonakala kumama nengane ziyehluka amasonto ngamaviki.
11. Ingabe ukwesekwa ngamavithamini namaminerali kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ngaphezu kokudla okulinganiselayo, amavithamini namaminerali angathathwa ngokwelulekwa udokotela. Ungathathi izithasiselo ngaphandle kokubonisana nochwepheshe.
12. Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwa ngesonto elithile lokukhulelwa?
Kukhona izikhathi ezithile zokuhlolwa okukhethekile nokulandelwa; lezi zizokwaziswa udokotela wakho ngokuya ngesonto lokukhulelwa.
13. Ingabe ukuhlolwa kuya ngokuya kujuluka njengoba usuku lokubeletha lusondela?
Yebo, ngesikhathi sokusondela kokubeletha, ukulandela nokuhlolwa kwezempilo kuya ngokuya kujuluka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqapha eduze impilo yomama nengane.
Imithombo
Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (WHO): Ukukhulelwa Nokubeletha
Inhlangano Yabesifazane YaseMelika Yezokubeletha Nezifo Zobuchwepheshe (ACOG): Izindlela Zokulinganisa Usuku Lokubeletha
Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC): Ukuzalwa Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi
IRoyal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG): Ukunakekelwa Kwabesifazane Abakhulelwe
Mayo Clinic: Ukukhulelwa Isonto Ngemuva Kwelinye