Ziziphi Iimpawu Zokuqala Zokukhulelwa? Iimpawu Ezingafuneka Uziqonde Nenkqubo Ekufuneka Uyilandele

Xa kuqalisa ukukhulelwa emzimbeni kwenzeka iinguqu ezininzi kwaye ezi nguqu zihlala zibonakala ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla bomntu. Kolu xwebhu, unokufumana ulwazi lwangoku malunga neempawu ezinokubonwa kwixesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa, iingcebiso zoogqirha kunye nendlela yokulawula le nkqubo.

Iimpawu Ezinokubonakala Kwixesha Lokuqala Lokukhulelwa

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zokukhulelwa ziquka ukulibaziseka kokuya exesheni, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, ubuhlungu kunye nokuziva uzinzile ezibelekweni, ukudinwa, iintlungu esinqeni nasezantsi esiswini, ukunganyangeki kumavumba, iikrampu esiswini. Ukongezelela kwezi nguqu zomzimba zinokubonakala ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukutshintsha kwemvakalelo nako kuhlala kusenzeka.

Abanye abafazi abakhulelweyo banokubona enye okanye ezininzi kwezi mpawu kwiiveki zokuqala. Ukuba nawe uqaphela ezi mpawu, unokwenza uvavanyo Lokukhulelwa ukuze uqinisekise kwaye ucebisane nogqirha wakho ukuze ucwangcise amanyathelo akho ngokukhuselekileyo.

Iimpawu Ezixhaphakileyo Kwiveki Zokuqala Zokukhulelwa

Ngezantsi, zikhankanyiwe iimpawu ezinokubonwa kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa kunye nemilinganiselo yokuxhaphaka kwazo:

• Ukulibaziseka kokuya exesheni okanye utshintsho kumjikelo wokuya exesheni

• Isicaphucaphu esiquka isicaphucaphu sasekuseni kunye nokugabha ngamaxesha athile

• Ukudinwa okwandayo kunye nemfuno yokulala

• Isicaphucaphu esibonakala ngakumbi kusasa

• Ukuziva uzinzile ezibelekweni, ubuhlungu kunye nokuba mnyama kweempundu ngamanye amaxesha

• Ukwanda kokukhutshwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane

• Ukuhamba rhoqo ukuya echibini

• Ukutshintsha kwemvakalelo

• Iikrampu ezithambileyo okanye iintlungu esiswini nasezantsi esiswini

• Ukwanda okuncinane kobushushu bomzimba, ngamanye amaxesha ukunyuka kokubila

• Incasa yentsimbi engaqhelekanga emlonyeni

• Ukuziva isisu sigcwele okanye sikhuphukile

Uninzi lweempawu ezikhankanywe ngasentla zinokunxulumana nezinye iimeko zempilo, ngoko ke abantu abanoloyiko lokukhulelwa bacebiswa ukuba benze uvavanyo lokukhulelwa ekhaya baze bafumane uluvo loogqirha emva koko.

Imiba Ebalulekileyo Ekufuneka Iqwalaselwe Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa

Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO) ucebisa ukuba abafazi abakhulelweyo baye kuvavanyo lwezempilo amaxesha asibhozo ukusukela kwiveki yokuqala yokukhulelwa ukuze kuqatshelwe kwaye kuthintelwe iingxaki ezinokubakho. Ukulandela rhoqo i-prenatal, kunceda ukukhusela impilo yomama kunye nomntwana phambi kokubeleka.

Uninzi lwamagunya ezempilo ngamazwe ngamazwe kunye neencwadana zamazwe acebisa ukuba abantu abanoloyiko lokukhulelwa balandele ngokusondeleyo iimpawu zabo baze bafune uncedo loogqirha xa kuyimfuneko.

Iimpawu Zokukhulelwa Ziqala Nini Ukuvela?

Iimpawu ezizodwa zokukhulelwa zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweveki yesine ukuya kwesithandathu emva kokudibana kweqanda nesidoda. Nangona kunjalo, kuba umzimba womntu ngamnye wahlukile, abanye abantu banokuziva iinguqu emzimbeni wabo kwangoko, kanti kwabanye iimpawu zivele emva kwexesha.

Kwixesha lokuqala, ngakumbi malunga neentsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokudibana kweqanda nesidoda, kunokubonakala ukopha kokufakwa (ukopha okuncinane), oku kunokubonwa ngabanye abafazi abakhulelweyo. Ngokufanayo, ukudinwa, ubuhlungu ezibelekweni, ngamanye amaxesha isicaphucaphu esithambileyo kunye nokungafuni kudla nazo zezinye zeempawu ezinokubonwa ngeli xesha. Ukulibaziseka kokuya exesheni luhlala luyimpawu ecacileyo yokukhulelwa.

Inkqubo yokukhulelwa kunye nexesha lokubonakala kweempawu yahlukile kumfazi ngamnye. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iinguqu emzimbeni wakho kwaye ufune uncedo lwezempilo xa kuyimfuneko ukuze inkqubo ihambe kakuhle.

Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo Ezibonwa Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa

Iimpawu eziphambili ezixhaphakileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa zezi:

• Ukulibaziseka kokuya exesheni

• Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha (ngakumbi kusasa)

• Ukudinwa okuqhubekayo

• Ukuziva uzinzile ezibelekweni kunye nobuhlungu (ngamanye amaxesha kubandakanya nokuba mnyama kweempundu)

• Ukwanda kombala kunye nobuninzi bokukhutshwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane

• Ukungonwabi okanye iintlungu esinqeni nasezantsi esiswini

• Iintlungu ezithambileyo ezinjengekrampu esiswini nasezantsi esiswini

• Ukunganyangeki kumavumba athile

• Ukopha okuncinane okanye ukopha kokufakwa

• Utshintsho kwinqanaba lokutya okanye ukunqwenela/ukungafuni ukutya kwezinye izidlo

• Ukutshintsha kwemvakalelo, ubuthathaka bemvakalelo

Ukuba ezi mpawu zibonakala ziqhelekile kuwe kwaye unoloyiko lokukhulelwa, imeko yakho ingacaca xa wenza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa emva kokulibaziseka kokuya exesheni. Ukuba iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezithandabuzekayo ziyaqhubeka, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho.

Kwenzeka Ntoni Kwiveki Yokuqala Yokukhulelwa?

"Iveki yokuqala" yokukhulelwa idla ngokubhekisa kwixesha apho ukudibana kweqanda nesidoda kungekenzeki. Oogqirha baqala ukubala iveki yokukhulelwa ukusuka kumhla wokuqala wokuya exesheni kokugqibela; ngeli xesha, iinguqu kwiihomoni zomzimba zenza isibeleko silungiselelwe ukudibana kweqanda nesidoda. Iimpawu zomzimba ezicacileyo zihlala zingabonakali kule veki, kodwa abanye abantu banokuziva iikrampu ezinxulumene nehomoni okanye utshintsho oluthambileyo lwemvakalelo.

Ezinye Iimpawu Ezibonwa Kwixesha Lokuqala Lokukhulelwa

Ukusukela kwiintsuku zokuqala zokukhulelwa, umzimba unokunika imiqondiso eyahlukeneyo. Ezi mpawu zixhaphakileyo ziquka:

• Ubuhlungu kunye nokuziva uzinzile ezibelekweni

• Ukopha okuncinane okanye ukopha okuncinci kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane

• Ukudinwa ngokubanzi kunye nokufuna ukulala

• Ukwanda kokunganyangeki kumavumba

• Iikrampu ezithambileyo esiswini nasezantsi esiswini

• Ukwanda okulinganiselweyo kobushushu bomzimba

• Isicaphucaphu

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iimpawu zokuqala zinokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo kwaye ukuqinisekiswa kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kunye novavanyo logqirha.

Amaxesha Okukhulelwa: Iitrimester kunye Neempawu Zazo

Inkqubo yokukhulelwa yahlulwe yangamathuba amathathu aphambili (i-trimester) kwaye la maxesha abonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso lomntwana:

I-Trimester yoku-1 (iveki 0–13):

Iingxenye ezisisiseko zomntwana, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo kunye nentliziyo ziqala ukwakheka. Abafazi abakhulelweyo banokufumana isicaphucaphu, ubuhlungu ezibelekweni, ukudinwa kunye nokutshintsha kwemvakalelo ngeli xesha.

I-Trimester yesi-2 (iveki 14–26):

Kuninzi kubafazi, isicaphucaphu siyancipha ngeli xesha, amandla ayanda kwaye ukuhamba komntwana kuqala ukuvakala. Iingxenye zomntwana ziqala ukomelela, inkqubo yemisipha namathambo iyakhula kwaye isisu somama siqala ukubonakala.

I-Trimester yesi-3 (iveki 27–40):

Umntwana ukhula ngokukhawuleza, amalungu akhe abalulekileyo ayakhula. Umama unokufumana iintlungu emqolo ngenxa yokukhula kwesibeleko, ukungalali, ukutsha esiswini kunye nokuhamba rhoqo ukuya echibini. Kule nxalenye, amalungiselelo okubeleka aphambili.

Ixesha ngalinye le-trimester lifuna ukulandela ngokukhethekileyo kunye nenkxaso yomama nomntwana. Nangona iimpawu zingahluka kumntu nomntu, ukulandela rhoqo kuvavanyo lwezempilo kwenza eli xesha lihambe ngokukhuselekileyo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (I.M.R)

1. Iimpawu zokukhulelwa ziqala kwi-veki yethuba?

Iimpawu zokukhulelwa zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweveki yesine ukuya kwesithandathu emva kokudibana kweqanda nesidoda; kodwa abanye abafazi banokuziva iimpawu kwangoko okanye emva kwexesha.

2. Ngaphandle kokulibaziseka kokuya exesheni, ikhona indlela eqinisekileyo yokwazi ukukhulelwa?

Eyona ndlela ithembekileyo luvavanyo lokukhulelwa olwenziwa ekhaya okanye kwilabhoratri. Iimpawu zinokwahluka kwaye ukuqinisekiswa kufuna uvavanyo.

3. Ukopha okuncinane okanye ukopha ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuqhelekile?

Ukopha okuncinane kwe-implantasyon emva kokudibana kweqanda nesidoda kuqhelekile kwabanye abafazi; kodwa ukuba ukopha kuyanda okanye kuthatha ixesha elide kufuneka uye kugqirha.

4. Iimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa ziyafana kumfazi wonke?

Hayi, umzimba womfazi ngamnye unokuphendula ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwaye iimpawu zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu.

5. Isicaphucaphu sasekuseni siqhelekile?

Ewe, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha zihlala zibonakala ngakumbi kusasa kwaye zixhaphake kwixesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa.

6. Ukuphindaphinda ukuya exesheni kunokuba luphawu lokukhulelwa na?

Ewe, ngenxa yempembelelo yeprogesterone ekhoyo, inani lokuya exesheni linokunyuka, kodwa oku kunokubangelwa nezinye izizathu.

7. Ngaba kulindelekile ukuba kube nokutshintsha kwemvakalelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ngenxa yetshintsho lwehomoni, ukutshintsha kwemvakalelo kunye nokutshintsha kwesimo sengqondo kuthathwa njengesiqhelo.

8. Andikhulelanga kodwa ndinolu phawu; ndingenza ntoni?

Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala kwezinye iimeko zonyango. Ukuba zihlala ixesha elide, kungakuhle uthethe nengcali yezifo zabasetyhini kunye nokubeleka.

9. Kukhuselekile na ukwenza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kwiveki yokuqala?

Iimvavanyo zokukhulelwa zihlala zinika iziphumo ezithembekileyo emva kokulibaziseka kokuya exesheni. Uvavanyo olwenziwe kwangoko lunganika iziphumo ezingachanekanga.

10. Zeziphi iimpawu zokukhulelwa ezifuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango?

Iintlungu ezinzima okanye ezingapheliyo esiswini, ukopha okuninzi, umkhuhlane okanye ukwehla kokuqonda kuthathwa njengemeko engxamisekileyo kwaye kufuneka uye kugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

11. Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ichaneke kakhulu yokufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe?

Iimvavanyo zangasese zexeshana okanye iimvavanyo zegazi ezisetyenziswa kwiziko lezempilo zezona ndlela zichaneke kakhulu.

12. Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa luphume lungelolwakho nangona ndinemiphawu; ndingenza ntoni?

Ungaphinda uvavanyo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa okanye ukuba imiqondiso iyaqhubeka, unokubonisana nengcali yezempilo.

13. Ndingazibala njani iiveki zokukhulelwa ngokuchanekileyo?

Iveki yokukhulelwa idla ngokubalwa ukusuka kumhla wokuqala wokugqibela kokuhla kwegazi.

14. Ngaba imiqondiso yokukhulelwa iyafana kubo bonke abantu?

Hayi, amandla kunye nexesha leempawu zingahluka kumntu nomntu nakwiimeko zokukhulelwa.

15. Xa kukho ukungaqiniseki ngokukhulelwa, kufuneka uye kugqirha nini?

Ukuba unemiqondiso kwaye awuqinisekanga, okanye uvavanyo lokukhulelwa luphume luhle, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane inkxaso kugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini.

Imithombo

• Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO), "Iingcebiso zoNyango lwabakhulelweyo"

• Iziko leZilawulo noThintelo lweZifo (CDC), "Ukukhulelwa: Ivekhi yokuQala"

• Umbutho wamaGqirha beeSifo zabasetyhini baseMelika (ACOG), "Imiqondiso yokuQala yokukhulelwa"

• Imigaqo yeManyano yaseYurophu yeeSifo zabasetyhini kunye noKubeleka (EBCOG)

• BMJ, "Imiqondiso yokuqala yokukhulelwa kunye nexesha lokuvela kwemiphawu: uphando olujolise kwixesha elizayo"