Intlungu Kwindawo Ye-Anal (Intlungu Ye-Makat): Izizathu, Iimpawu nokuLawulwa Kwayo
Iintlungu ezivakalayo kwindawo ye-anal, yingxaki edla ngokufumaneka kumaqela ahlukeneyo eminyaka kunye nesini kuluntu. Le ntlungu inokuba nezizathu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwaye ihlala ithomalaliswa lula ngotshintsho oluncinane kwindlela yokuphila okanye unyango lwezonyango. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko inokuba luphawu lweengxaki ezinzima, ngoko kufuneka ihlolwe ngononophelo.
Zeziphi Izizathu Eziqhelekileyo Zentlungu Ye-Anal?
Iimeko eziphambili ezinokubangela intlungu kwindawo yemakat zezi:
Hemoroid (Basur): Ivela ngenxa yokwandiswa kunye nokuvuvukala kwemithambo egudle i-anus kunye nerektam. Inokubonakala ngokurhawuzelela, ukuvuvukala kunye namaxesha athile iindidi ezibuhlungu.
Anal Fissure (Ukwaphuka kweMakat): Ngokuqhelekileyo zizikroba ezenzeka kwindawo ye-anus ngenxa yokudinwa okude okanye urhudo. Inokubangela intlungu ebukhali kakhulu.
Anal Apse: Kukuvuvukala, ukubomvu kunye nentlungu ngenxa yosulelo olwenziwa kwizicubu ezijikeleze i-anus. Inokuhamba neempawu zosulelo ngokubanzi ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokubanda.
Anal Fistula: Zizituneli ezincinci ezenzeka esikhumbeni phakathi kwenxalenye yokugqibela yesisu kunye ne-anus, zihlala zivela emva kosulelo.
Levator Ani Syndrome: Iintlungu ezenzeka ngenxa yokuxinana kwemisipha ejikeleze i-anus, zihlala zihlala ixesha elifutshane kwaye ziphindaphinda.
Urhudo olungapheliyo okanye olukhulu
Umhlaza we-anal okanye werektam
Ezinye iintsholongwane ezosulela ngesondo
Ingxaki yekhilosi (pilonidal sinus)
Izigulo zolusu
Proktalgia Fugax: Iqala ngesiquphe, ihlala ixesha elifutshane kwaye ibe yintlungu enkulu kwindawo yerektam.
Iinguqu eziziswa kukukhulelwa kunye nokubeleka, zombini ezihormonal nezomzimba
Indlela yokuphila engasebenziyo kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide
Intlungu Ye-Anal Ivela Njani? Iindidi Ezohlukeneyo Zeentlungu
Iintlungu ezivakalayo kwindawo ye-anal zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nomntu:
Intlungu evela ngexesha okanye emva kokuchama, ngamanye amaxesha ibukhali njengokubetha ngemela, idla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-anal fissure kunye nehemoroid.
Intlungu eqala ngesiquphe kwaye ingapheliyo, echaphazela kakhulu ubomi bemihla ngemihla, idla ngokubonisa i-anal apse.
Intlungu eqala ngesiquphe, ibukhali kwaye ibe ziintlungu ezinjengekrampu inxulunyaniswa nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-proktalgia fugax.
Iintlungu ezingapheliyo, ezinzima zinokubangelwa zizizathu ze-neurological okanye iingxaki kumqolo.
Iimpawu Jikelele Zeentlungu Ye-Anal
Iintlungu kwindawo ye-anal zihlala zihamba nezi zikhalazo zilandelayo:
Ukutsha, ukubetha kunye nokuvuvukala
Ukungonwabi okanye intlungu xa uhleli
Intlungu enyuka ngexesha nangemva kokuchama
Ukukrwada kwindawo yemakat
Ngamanye amaxesha ubuntununtunu okanye ukubomvu kolusu
Uninzi lwezizathu zeentlungu ye-anal luthomalala ngokukhawuleza kunye nonyango olusebenzayo. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu zinzima, zihlala ixesha elide okanye zenza ubomi bemihla ngemihla bube nzima, kufuneka uye kugqirha.
Zeziphi Iimeko Ezibangela Intlungu Ye-Anal Kubantwana?
Kubantwana nakubantwana abancinci, intlungu kwindawo ye-anal idla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-anal fissure (ukwaphuka kwemakat). Ezi zikroba zihlala zenzeka emva kokuchama okuqinileyo ngenxa yokudinwa, kwaye zingabangela intlungu ngexesha lokuchama, ngamanye amaxesha kunye nokopha okuncinci.
Ukukrwada kunye nokutsha nazo zixhaphake kubantwana kwaye zinokuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi bemihla ngemihla. I-anal fissure zingaphila zodwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa (i-acute fissure), kodwa ukuba ukuphila kuthatha ngaphezu kweeveki ezintathu kuthiwa "i-fissure engapheliyo" kwaye kufuneka kubonwe ugqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wokuhlinza.
Izizathu Zeentlungu Ye-Anal Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iinguqu kwihomoni kunye nokunyuka koxinzelelo lwesisu ngenxa yesibeleko esikhulayo zinokubangela intlungu kwindawo ye-anal. Ukudinwa, hemoroid kunye ne-anal fissure zezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zentlungu yemakat ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuze kukhuselwe impilo kanina nomntwana, ihlala icetyiswa imigaqo engengonyango:
Ukwenza ishawa eshushu yokuhlala
Ukufaka i-compress ebandayo
Ukucoca indawo ngobunono kunye nokusebenzisa i-ointment ethambisa ulusu
Kubalulekile nokwenza umthambo owaneleyo, ukuphepha ukuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokutya ngokulinganayo ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wentlungu ye-anal ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Iimeko Ezibangela Intlungu Ye-Anal Kwabasetyhini Abadala
Enye yezizathu ezixhaphakileyo zentlungu ye-anal kwabasetyhini abadala yirektosel, oko kukuthi, ukuvela kwerektam ngaphakathi kwe-vagina. Ivela rhoqo kwabasetyhini abaye bazala amaxesha amaninzi, abaye benza utyando lwesibeleko okanye kwabasetyhini abadala. Kufuneka kuhlolwe ngugqirha ukuze kufumaneke. Kwimeko ezilula, ukutya okusempilweni kunye nomthambo rhoqo kuyacetyiswa, kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima unyango lokuhlinza lunokufuna.
Iindlela Ezinokusetyenziswa Ekhaya: Ukunciphisa Intlungu Ye-Makat Kwabasetyhini
Kuyenzeka ukunciphisa intlungu ye-anal ngokusebenzisa iindlela zendalo kunye nezinye ezixhasayo:
Ukusela amanzi amaninzi
Ukutya ukutya okuqulethe ifayibha eninzi (izityalo, iziqhamo, ingqolowa epheleleyo)
Ukufaka i-compress ebandayo kwindawo ebuhlungu
Ukwenza ishawa eshushu yokuhlala
Ukucoca indawo ye-anal ngobunono, ukuphepha ukucaphuka kunye nokurabha
Ukusebenzisa iimveliso zendalo ezifana neoyile yekhokhonathi, ioyile yomnquma okanye i-aloe vera gel
Ukusela iti ye-chamomile, melisa kunye ne-yasemin
Ezi ndlela zinokuthomalalisa iimpawu ezilula, kodwa ukuba iimpawu zihlala kufuneka uye kugqirha. Akucetyiswa ukusebenzisa amayeza wedwa.
Ziziphi Iimvavanyo Ezenziwa Kwisikhalazo Sentlungu Ye-Anal?
Kwisikhalazo sentlungu ye-anal esicacileyo okanye esihlala ixesha elide, kucetyiswa ukubonana nogqirha okhethekileyo njengeproktolog okanye ugqirha wokuhlinza i-colorectal. Ezi mvavanyo zingasetyenziswa ekufumaneni isizathu:
Uhlolo lomzimba
Uvavanyo lwe-endoscopy (anoscopy, rektoscopy)
Defekografi (ukujonga indlela yokuchama)
Anorectal manometry (ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwemisipha)
Ugqirha, ukuba kuyimfuneko, angasebenzisa nezinye iindlela zovavanyo kunye neendlela zokubonisa umfanekiso.
Iindlela Zonyango Kwabasetyhini Abanesikhalazo Sentlungu Ye-Makat
Kwabasetyhini, iintlungu ze-anal zinokwanda emva kokubeleka okanye ngexesha lemenopauze. Iimpawu zizama ukuthomalaliswa ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
Ukwenza umyinge omncinane kunye nemithambo yokuthomalalisa imisipha ye-anal
Ukuhlala kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo (kwabasetyhini emva kwe-vagina, kwabasetyhini kwisiseko sesitho sangasese samadoda kwiindawo eziqinileyo)
Ishawa eshushu yokuhlala kunye nokufaka iqhwa elibandayo
Ukusela amanzi aneleyo kunye nokutya ifayibha eyaneleyo
Umsebenzi womzimba rhoqo
Ukusebenzisa iti yezityalo (chamomile, melisa, yasemin njl.)
Kwiimeko ezifunekayo, unyango lwamayeza okanye i-botox phantsi kolawulo logqirha
Kwiintlungu ze-anal ezingapheliyo, ezinzima okanye eziphindaphindayo, kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha ukuze kufumaneke isizathu kunye nonyango oluchanekileyo.
Imibuzo Ebuziwa Rhoqo
1. Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka ndizinikele ingqalelo xa ndinentlungu ye-anal?
Ukuba kukho ukopha kwindawo yemakat, ukuvuza okunephunga elibi, umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala ngesiquphe, ubunzima bokuchama okanye ukuncipha komzimba, kufuneka uye kugqirha okhethekileyo.
2. Ngaba intlungu yemakat ihlala luphawu lwesifo esinzima?
Hayi. Uninzi lwamaxesha ibangelwa zizizathu ezilula, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuba luphawu lwezifo ezinzima. Ukuba ihlala ixesha elide okanye inzima, akufanele ingahoywa.
3. Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe xa abantwana benentlungu yemakat?
Idla ngokubangelwa yi-anal fissure kwaye inokuphela yodwa. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu zihlala, zinzima okanye zikhapha kukopha, kufuneka kubonwe ugqirha wabantwana.
4. Yintoni enokunceda kwintlungu yemakat ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ishawa eshushu yokuhlala, ukusela ulwelo olwaneleyo kunye nokutya okune-fayibha, ukufaka i-compress ebandayo kunye nokugcina indawo icocekile kunokunceda. Ukuba iimpawu zihlala, kufuneka kubonwe ugqirha.
5. Kufuneka ndiye kugqirha onjani xa ndinentlungu ye-anal?
Kufuneka uye kugqirha wokuhlinza ngokubanzi, ngakumbi ugqirha okhethekileyo kwi-proctology okanye i-colorectal surgery.
6. Zeziphi iindlela zendalo ezinokunceda kwintlungu ye-anal ekhaya?
Ukutya okune-fayibha, ukusela amanzi amaninzi, ishawa eshushu yokuhlala, ukufaka i-compress ebandayo kunye neendlela zokucoca ngobunono zinokunceda. Ukuba iimpawu azinciphi, kufuneka uye kugqirha.
7. Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuphepha intlungu kwindawo ye-anal?
Ukutya okusempilweni, ukusela ulwelo olwaneleyo, ukuphepha ukungasebenzi kunye nokufumana imikhwa elungileyo yokuchama kunokukhusela.
8. Ngaba iintlungu zendawo ye-anal zinokubangelwa zizifo zolusu?
Ewe. I-Eczema, usulelo lwefungus kunye nezinye izifo zolusu zinokubangela intlungu kunye nokungonwabi kwindawo ye-anal.
9. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwehemorrhoid kunye nokwaphuka kwendawo ye-anal?
Zombini zinokubangela intlungu. Kwihemorrhoid, ukudumba kunye nokopha kubonakala ngakumbi, ngelixa kwi-fissure kubakho intlungu ebukhali efana nomkhonto kunye nokutsha okubonakalayo ngexesha lokuphuma kwendle.
10. Yintoni i-anal abscess? Iqondwa njani?
Kubonakala ngokudumba kwendawo ye-anal, ukubomvu, intlungu engalindelekanga nengumandla, ngamanye amaxesha ubushushu kunye nokubanda. Ifuna unyango lwezonyango.
Imithombo
Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO), Amaphepha oLwazi lweZifo zeColorectal
Iziko laseMelika loLawulo kunye noThintelo lweZifo (CDC), Isikhokelo seZifo ze-Anorectal
Umbutho waseMelika wabaGqirha beColon kunye neRectum (ASCRS) IziKhokelo zeKlinikhi
Ijenali yezoNyango yaseBritane (BMJ), "Uhlolo kunye nolawulo lwentlungu ye-anal" (2022)
IMayo Clinic, Uhlolo lweNtlungu ye-Anal kunye neeNzuzo zoGulayo