Kuvuga mu gutwi (Tinnitus): Ibisobanuro, Impamvu zibitera n'Ibyo Gukora
Kumvikana mu gutwi ni iki?
Kumvikana mu gutwi cyangwa izina ry’ubuvuzi tinnitus, ni ikimenyetso gisanzwe aho umuntu yumva amajwi mu gutwi cyangwa mu mutwe igihe cyose cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, nubwo nta soko y’amajwi yo hanze ihari. Aya majwi akenshi asobanurwa nk’urusaku, gucika intege, guhumeka, urusaku rw’inyoni, Impululu y’umutima, cyangwa urusaku rutandukanye. Aya majwi atumvikana n’abandi bantu bari hafi, ashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’umuntu.
Tinnitus, akenshi igaragara cyane ku bantu bafite imyaka irenze 40, cyane cyane abakuze; ariko ishobora no kugaragara ku bantu bose ndetse n’abana. Buri muntu ashobora kumva urusaku rw’igihe gito rimwe na rimwe, ariko iyo bihoraho bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’ikibazo gikomeye.
Kumvikana mu gutwi byumvikana gute?
Tinnitus, akenshi yumvikana mu gutwi kumwe (iburyo cyangwa ibumoso) cyangwa mu matwi yombi. Hari igihe amajwi yumvikana no mu mutwe. Umuntu ashobora gusobanura aya majwi nk’urusaku, urusaku rw’isaha, urusaku rw’imashini cyangwa amajwi asa n’impululu y’umutima. Imbaraga n’ubwoko bw’aya majwi bitandukana bitewe n’umuntu; kuri bamwe ni make kandi bihita bishira, kuri bamwe bikaba bihoraho kandi bibangamira.
Kumvikana cyane bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwa buri munsi no ku mikorere ku kazi, ndetse mu bihe bikomeye bikaba byateza stress, impagarara n’ibibazo byo gusinzira. By’umwihariko nijoro no mu gihe cy’ituze, urusaku rushobora kwiyongera.
Iby’ingenzi bitera kumvikana mu gutwi ni ibihe?
Tinnitus ishobora guterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye. Impamvu zikunze kuboneka ni izi:
Kutumva neza: Akenshi biterwa n’imyaka cyangwa kwangirika bitewe n’urusaku rwinshi.
Kumara igihe kirekire wumva urusaku rwinshi: Urusaku rw’inganda, ibitaramo, imashini zikora, amasasu n’ibindi bishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’imbere mu gutwi.
Indwara z’amatwi: Uburwayi bw’ugutwi bwo hagati, gukusanya amazi mu gutwi cyangwa kwangirika k’uruhu rw’ugutwi bishobora gutera urusaku.
Umwanda w’ugutwi (bouchon): Gukusanya umwanda mwinshi mu gutwi bishobora gutera tinnitus y’igihe gito.
Indwara z’imiyoboro y’amaraso: By’umwihariko urusaku ruhuye n’impululu y’umutima (‘pulsatil tinnitus’) rugaragara mu bibazo by’imiyoboro y’amaraso nko kuziba, anevrizime cyangwa umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru.
Imvune ku mutwe, ijosi no ku mva y’amasaya: Akenshi bifitanye isano n’indwara z’imva y’amasaya (temporomandibular joint).
Imikoreshereze y’imiti imwe n’imwe (ototoxique): Aspirine nyinshi, zimwe mu miti yica udukoko, diuretique, imiti ya chimiotherapie ishobora kwangiza imitsi y’ugutwi bigatera urusaku.
Ibibazo bya metabolisme n’ubwonko: Diyabete, indwara za tiroide, anemia, syndrome ya meniere, indwara zimwe z’imitsi n’indwara zo mu mutwe nabyo biri mu byongera ibyago.
Stress n’impagarara: Nubwo atariyo mpamvu nyamukuru, bishobora kongera urusaku no gutuma bigorana kubyihanganira.
Rimwe na rimwe, ibibazo bikomeye nk’udusabo cyangwa ibibazo by’imiyoboro y’amaraso nabyo bishobora gutera tinnitus.
Amoko ya Tinnitus ni ayahe?
Kumvikana mu gutwi, hashingiwe ku mpamvu n’ubwoko bw’amajwi yumvwa n’umurwayi, bigabanyijemo ibi bikurikira:
Tinnitus y’umuntu ku giti cye: Ni yo iboneka cyane. Yumvwa gusa n’umurwayi. Akenshi ifitanye isano n’ikibazo cy’uburyo bwo kumva.
Tinnitus yigaragaza: Yumvwa n’umurwayi ndetse n’uwipimisha akoresheje ibikoresho byabugenewe. Ibaho gake kandi akenshi iterwa n’ibibazo by’imiyoboro y’amaraso cyangwa imikaya (nko mu mitsi yegereye ugutwi).
Bitewe n’imiterere y’ikibazo, urusaku rushobora kuba ruhoraho cyangwa rw’igihe gito, kumvikana mu gutwi kumwe cyangwa yombi, kandi ubwoko n’imbaraga by’amajwi bitandukana bitewe n’umuntu.
Ibimenyetso bya Kumvikana mu Gutwi ni ibihe?
Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ukumva amajwi mu gutwi cyangwa mu mutwe nta soko izwi. Hari n’ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara:
Kutumva neza
Kugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda
Ibibazo by’uburinganire
Abantu bamwe bagira ubushake bukabije ku majwi yo hanze (hyperacusis)
Ibibazo byo gusinzira no kutisanzura
Rimwe na rimwe, urusaku rushobora kujyana no kuzungera, kumva ugutwi kuzuyemo cyangwa impagarara.
Uko Igikorwa cyo Gupima Kumvikana mu Gutwi Gikorwa
Mu gusuzuma tinnitus, intambwe ya mbere ni ukuganira n’umurwayi no gukora isuzuma ry’ugutwi, izuru n’umuhogo. Muganga abaza igihe bimaze, ubwoko bw’urusaku, niba hari kutumva neza cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso. Nyuma y’ibi;
Isuzuma ry’uburyo bwo kumva (ibizamini byo kumva)
Mu gihe bikenewe, isuzuma ryo kwa muganga ukoresheje ibikoresho (nka MRI, CT)
Ibizamini by’amaraso no gusuzuma uburinganire niba bikenewe.
Izi nzira zifasha kumenya impamvu y’urusaku kandi hakaba hanashobora koherezwa umurwayi mu bindi byiciro by’ubuvuzi.
Uburyo bugezweho bwo guhangana na Kumvikana mu Gutwi
Nubwo gukira burundu tinnitus bitashoboka buri gihe, akenshi birashoboka kugabanya ibimenyetso no kongera ubuzima bwiza. Kuvura bikorwa muri ibi byiciro:
Kuvura Impamvu Nyamukuru: Gukura umwanda mu gutwi, kuvura indwara z’ugutwi, kugenzura umuvuduko w’amaraso cyangwa indwara za tiroide n’ibindi bikorwa byihariye.
Kugenzura imiti: Imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka igasuzumwa n’umuganga.
Ibikoresho byunganira kumva ku bafite kutumva neza: Ku bafite kutumva neza bifatanyije n’urusaku, ibikoresho byunganira kumva bishobora gufasha.
Ibikoresho bipfuka urusaku (white noise devices): Bifasha kugabanya urusaku; cyane cyane nijoro no mu gihe cy’ituze.
Terapie y’amajwi n’uburyo bwo guhindura imyitwarire: Terapie yo guhindura imitekerereze, uburyo bwo kuruhuka, kwitekerezaho no kugabanya stress ni amahitamo akomeye mu kugabanya ingaruka z’urusaku.
Kugira imibereho myiza: Kwirinda urusaku rwinshi, kugira gahunda nziza yo gusinzira, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kurya indyo yuzuye bifasha kugenzura urusaku.
Ubuvuzi bushyigikira: Rimwe na rimwe, imiti cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura burenzeho birakenewe.
Uburyo bwo kubaga: Rimwe na rimwe, mu gihe hari ikibazo cy’imiyoboro y’amaraso cyangwa imiterere, kubagwa birashoboka.
Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko tinnitus rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy’indwara ikomeye. Iyo urusaku rumaze igihe kirekire cyangwa rukomeza kwiyongera, ni ngombwa kugana muganga w’inzobere.
Ibishobora Gufasha Kwirinda Kumvikana mu Gutwi
Koresha ibikoresho birinda amatwi mu bice by’urusaku rwinshi
Kwirinda kumara igihe kirekire wumva umuziki uri hejuru cyane
Kwitwararika isuku y’amatwi, wirinda gukoresha utwuma two mu gutwi
Kugenzura indwara zidakira neza
Kwirinda gukoresha imiti idakenewe cyangwa utabanje kubimenya
Kugenzura stress
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
1. Kuki kumvikana mu gutwi bibaho?
Kumvikana mu gutwi, akenshi guterwa no kutumva neza, kumara igihe kirekire wumva urusaku rwinshi, indwara z’ugutwi, gukusanya umwanda mu gutwi, ibibazo by’imiyoboro y’amaraso cyangwa ingaruka z’imiti imwe n’imwe. Hari igihe ntampamvu igaragara iboneka.
2. Kumvikana mu gutwi byiyongera na stress?
Yego, stress ishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bya tinnitus byiyongera no gukomera. Kugenzura stress bifite uruhare runini mu kugenzura urusaku.
3. Kumva urusaku mu gutwi kumwe gusa biteye impungenge?
Kumva urusaku rutunguranye cyangwa ruhoraho mu gutwi kumwe, nubwo bibaho gake, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’ikibazo gikomeye nko udusabo ku mitsi y’ugutwi cyangwa ibibazo by’imiyoboro y’amaraso. Muri ubwo buryo, ni ngombwa kugana muganga.
4. Kumvikana mu gutwi birakira burundu?
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, impamvu y’urusaku iravurwa bigakira. Ariko, mu bindi bihe byinshi, nubwo bitashira burundu, birashobora kugenzurwa neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye.
5. Ni iyihe miti ishobora gutera kumvikana mu gutwi?
Zimwe mu miti yica udukoko (nko aminoglycosides), imiti ya chimiotherapie, aspirine nyinshi na diuretique zimwe na zimwe bishobora gutera urusaku kubera ingaruka mbi ku gutwi.
6. Ese tinnitus ihora iherekejwe no kutumva neza?
Oya, tinnitus ntihora iherekejwe no kutumva neza. Ariko, iyo hari kutumva neza, ibyago byo kugira urusaku biriyongera.
7. Abantu bafite kumvikana mu gutwi bagana iyihe serivisi?
Mbere na mbere, gusuzumwa n'inzobere mu matwi, izuru n'umuhogo (KBB) birasabwa. Niba bikenewe, ushobora koherezwa mu gikorwa cy'ubuvuzi bw'amatwi cyangwa izindi nzobere.
8. Ni ibiki byagirwa inama kugira ngo ugabanye kumva urusaku mu rugo?
Gushyiraho urusaku ruto rutari urw'ijwi (nk'ijwi rya radiyo, umufana, cyangwa amazi), kugenzura stress, gusinzira bihagije no kwirinda urusaku rwinshi bishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso.
9. Imashini zitanga urusaku rutari urw'ijwi zifite akamaro?
Imashini zitanga urusaku rutari urw'ijwi cyangwa ibikoresho bitanga amajwi y'ibinyabuzima bishobora kugabanya uburyo wumva urusaku no gufasha gusinzira neza.
10. Ese ubufasha bw'ubumenyi bw'ubuvuzi cyangwa terapi bikenewe?
Niba urusaku rufitanye isano n'ubwigunge, impagarara cyangwa agahinda gakabije, ushobora kungukira muri terapi y'imyitwarire n'ibitekerezo cyangwa ubufasha bw'ubumenyi bw'ubuvuzi.
11. Ese abana bashobora kugira urusaku mu matwi?
Abana nabo bashobora kugira urusaku mu matwi ariko bibaho gake ugereranyije n'abakuze. Rimwe na rimwe bishobora guterwa no kubura kumva, indwara z'amatwi cyangwa ikintu cyinjiye mu gutwi.
12. Ni ryari nakwiriye kujya kwa muganga?
Niba urusaku rutangiye gutunguranye, mu gutwi kumwe kandi rukomeye, cyangwa rufitanye isano no kubura kumva, isereri cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by’ubwonko, birasabwa kugana inzobere vuba bishoboka.
13. Ese urusaku mu matwi rushobora kuba ikimenyetso cya kanseri?
Rimwe na rimwe, tumori zimwe ziboneka ku muyoboro w’ijwi cyangwa ku gice cy’ubwonko zishobora kugaragazwa n’urusaku mu gutwi. Niba urusaku rumara igihe kirekire, ruri ku ruhande rumwe kandi rugenda rukara, gusuzumwa birakenewe.
14. Ese nyuma yo gukomereka ku mutwe cyangwa ku ijosi hashobora kuvuka tinnitus?
Yego, nyuma yo gukomereka, urusaku mu gutwi no ku mutwe rushobora kubaho; muri ubwo buryo, isuzuma ryimbitse rirakenewe.
15. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura tinnitus bukoreshwa muri iki gihe?
Uburyo bugezweho burimo kuvura indwara ibitera, ibikoresho byongera kumva, terapi y’amajwi, terapi y’imyitwarire n’ibitekerezo, imashini zitanga urusaku rutari urw’ijwi n’impinduka mu mibereho.
Inkomoko
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (World Health Organization) – Ubumuga bwo kutumva n’ibibazo by’amatwi
Ishami rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ryita ku Buzima (NIH) – Tinnitus: Impamvu, Isuzuma n’Ubuvuzi
Academie y’Abaganga b’amatwi, izuru n’umuhogo n’ababaga umutwe n’ijosi (American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery)
Mayo Clinic – Incamake kuri Tinnitus
Ishyirahamwe ry’Abongereza ryita kuri Tinnitus – Amakuru kuri Tinnitus