Ibikwiye kumenywa ku Cyuma cya Zinc: Imirimo yacyo, Inyungu zacyo n’Inama z’Ikoreshwa Ritekanye

Zingi ni iki kandi uruhare rwayo mu mubiri ni uruhe?

Zingi ni umunyungugu w’ingenzi ugomba gufatwa buri munsi kugira ngo umuntu agire ubuzima bwiza. Umubiri ntushobora kubika cyangwa kwikorera zingi; ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kuyifata binyuze mu biribwa cyangwa imiti yongera zingi yemewe. Zingi ni umunyungugu wa kabiri uboneka cyane mu mubiri w’umuntu nyuma ya fer, kandi ifite uruhare mu kugenzura imikorere myinshi y’ingenzi.

Zingi ifite uruhare runini mu bikorwa bikurikira:

• Gukura, kwiyongera no kuvugurura uturemangingo

• Kongera imbaraga z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri

• Kugira uruhare mu ikorwa ry’ibikoresho by’uturemangingo (DNA) no gusana uturemangingo

• Kugira uruhare mu ikorwa rya poroteyine

• Kugira uruhare mu gukira vuba kw’ibikomere

• Gushyigikira gukura no gutera imbere bisanzwe

• Kugira uruhare mu mikorere myiza y’amaso n’uruhu

• Kugira uruhare mu mikorere myiza y’amaso

Zingi ifasha mu kugenzura imikorere y’umubiri, imikorere y’ubwoko bw’ibice bitandukanye by’umubiri birimo igogora, ubwonko n’imyakura.

Ni izihe nyungu zingi itanga?

Inyungu zingi igira ku buzima zirazwi ku isi hose kandi zishyigikirwa n’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi. Dore zimwe mu nyungu z’ingenzi zingi itanga ku buzima:

Gukomeza ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri

Zingi ni ngombwa kugira ngo uturemangingo tw’ubudahangarwa tuboneke, twiyongere kandi dukore neza. Gufata zingi ihagije bituma umubiri urushaho kwirinda indwara ziterwa n’udukoko. Kubura zingi bishobora gutera intege nke mu budahangarwa no kongera ibyago byo kurwara. Gufata zingi yongera ubudahangarwa ku nama y’umuganga, cyane cyane mu bihe by’ubukonje cyangwa ibyago byinshi byo kwandura, bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara.

Gufasha gukira kw’ibikomere

Zingi ishobora kwihutisha gukira kw’ibikomere binyuze mu guteza imbere ikorwa rya kolageni n’ivugururwa ry’uturemangingo tw’uruhu. By’umwihariko, mu kuvura ibibazo by’uruhu biterwa na diyabete, inkovu, ibisebe n’inkomere, ikoreshwa rya kremu cyangwa imiti irimo zingi irafasha.

Uruhare mu kurinda indwara zifitanye isano n’imyaka

Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko zingi ishobora kugira uruhare mu kugabanya ibyago by’indwara ziterwa no gusaza nko kwangirika k’ahabona h’ijisho (makula dejeneresensiya), umusonga n’ibibazo byo kwibuka. Kandi, ishobora kugabanya kenshi kwandura indwara ku bantu bakuze.

Gufasha mu buzima bw’uruhu no kuvura uduheri

Zingi ikoreshwa mu kuvura uduheri cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ubugimbi, haba mu kuyinywa cyangwa kuyisiga ku ruhu. Ibi bifasha kugabanya kwiyongera kw’udukoko dutera uduheri no kugabanya umusaruro w’amavuta menshi ku ruhu.

Kugenzura uburwayi bw’inkorora (inflammation)

Zingi ifasha kugabanya igisubizo cy’umubiri kirengeje urugero no kugabanya stress ya oxidative, bityo ikagabanya uburwayi bw’inkorora. Gufata zingi buri gihe bishobora kugabanya ibyago by’indwara z’umutima, kanseri zimwe na zimwe n’ibibazo byo gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza bitewe n’uburwayi bw’inkorora na oxidative stress.

Gufasha mu guhangana n’impiswi

Mu bana bato n’impinja, kubura zingi bishobora gutuma impiswi imara igihe kirekire. Ni yo mpamvu Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima risaba gufata zingi mu gihe cy’impiswi. Zingi ifasha kongera ubudahangarwa no gushyigikira imikorere myiza y’amara, bityo impiswi ikakira vuba.

Izindi nyungu zishoboka

Zingi ishobora gukoreshwa nk’inyunganiramirire mu guhangana n’ibibazo birimo cholesterol nyinshi, indwara ya rumatizime, ibisebe byo ku munwa, agakoko gatera SIDA (HIV) n’indwara zimwe na zimwe zidakira. Ariko, ikoreshwa ryayo muri ibi bibazo risaba inama y’inzobere.

Kubura Zingi: Ni bande bafite ibyago byinshi kandi ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa nabyo?

Kubura zingi biboneka cyane mu matsinda amwe y’abantu. Nubwo ku bantu barya indyo yuzuye biboneka gake, ibyago byiyongera ku bantu batabona indyo ihagije, abafite indwara z’imyanya y’igogora (nko kurwara Crohn), Abagore batwite n’abonsa, ndetse n’abafite ikibazo cy’ubusinzi.

Ibimenyetso by’ingenzi byerekana kubura zingi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kudakura no kudatera imbere neza mu bana

• Kugira uduheri ku ruhu cyangwa gukira buhoro kw’ibikomere

• Kutinda gukura mu bijyanye n’imyororokere

• Impiswi idakira

• Impinduka mu mitekerereze no mu myitwarire

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, kubura zingi ntibigire ibimenyetso bigaragara, ahubwo bikagaragara gusa mu bizamini bya laboratwari. Abagaragaweho n’iki kibazo bahabwa imiti yongera zingi n’impinduka mu mirire ku nama y’umuganga.

Ni ingano ingana iki zingi ikenewe buri munsi?

Uko zingi ikenewe buri munsi biterwa n’imyaka, igitsina n’ibindi bihe byihariye (nko gutwita no konsa). Dore ingano zingi ikenewe buri munsi bitewe n’imyaka:

• Abana bafite amezi 7 kugeza ku myaka 3: 3 mg/umunsi

• Abana bafite imyaka 4-8: 5 mg/umunsi

• Abana bafite imyaka 9-13: 8 mg/umunsi

• Abafite imyaka 14-18: 9 mg/umunsi

• Abakuze bafite imyaka 19 kuzamura: 8 mg/umunsi

• Abagore batwite: 11 mg/umunsi

Mbere yo gufata imiti yongera zingi, ni ngombwa kubanza kugisha inama inzobere mu buzima. Kwifatira zingi nyinshi birenze urugero bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi.

Ni ibihe biribwa bikungahaye kuri zingi?

Zingi iboneka mu biribwa by’inyamaswa n’iby’imboga. Ibiribwa bikungahaye kuri zingi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ibikomoka ku mafi yo mu mazi (by’umwihariko isamake n’inkima)

• Amafi atandukanye (sardine, salmon, sole)

• Inyama itukura (inka, intama)

• Inyama z’inkoko (inkoko, inkoko y’ingore) n’amagi

• Ibinyamisogwe (inyanya, indagara, ibishyimbo)

• Imbuto zifite amavuta menshi (kajuwu, inkeri, imbuto z’ibihaza)

• Ibikomoka ku mata (amata, yoguti, fromaji)

• Intete zuzuye (ingano, quinoa, umuceri w’umukara)

• Imboga zifite ibibabi by’icyatsi n’ibishyimbo

Abantu barya indyo yuzuye akenshi babona zingi ikenewe binyuze mu biribwa. Ariko, ku batabona indyo ihagije cyangwa badakurikiza gahunda y’imirire, bashobora gukenera imiti yongera zingi ku nama y’umuganga.

Kugira zingi nyinshi: ingaruka zo gufata zingi nyinshi

Gufata zingi nyinshi birenze urugero bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi. By’umwihariko, gufata imiti yongera zingi igihe kirekire kandi nta kugenzurwa, bishobora gutera "uburozi bwa zingi" mu mubiri. Ingaruka zishobora kubaho zirimo:

• Kugira isesemi, kuruka, impiswi

• Kuribwa mu nda cyangwa kugira imikaya ifata

• Kuribwa umutwe

• Kugira umuriro

• Kukorora

• Kugabanuka k’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri

Mu gihe kirekire, gufata zingi nyinshi bishobora gutuma umubiri utabasha kwinjiza neza indi minyungugu nka bakure na fer. Iyo izi ngaruka zigaragaye, ni ngombwa kugana muganga.

Zingi n’imiti: imikoranire

Zingi ishobora kugirana imikoranire n’imiti imwe n’imwe, bigahindura uburyo iyo miti ikora cyangwa uko umubiri uyakira. By’umwihariko, ntibyemewe gufata zingi hamwe n’antibiotiques zimwe, imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro n’imiti ituma umuntu asohora amazi menshi (diuretics). Kandi, gufata zingi icyarimwe n’indi minyungugu nka fer, bakure, magnesium na calcium bishobora gutera ikibazo mu kuyinjiza. Niba ukoresha imiti iyo ari yo yose, ni ngombwa kubanza kugisha inama muganga mbere yo gufata zingi y’inyongera.

Ese zingi ifasha mu gukira ibicurane n’inkorora?

Ubushakashatsi butandukanye bwerekana ko gufata zingi byihutisha gukira indwara z’ubuhumekero bwo hejuru n’ibicurane. Zingi ifasha gushyigikira uturemangingo tw’ubudahangarwa, bityo igafasha kugabanya igihe indwara imara no koroshya ibimenyetso. Ariko, no muri ibi bihe, ni byiza kubanza kugisha inama muganga.

Gukoresha zingi mu gihe cyo gutwita

Mu gihe cyo gutwita no konsa, gufata zingi ihagije ni ingenzi kugira ngo umwana akure neza ndetse n’umubyeyi abone umunyungugu wiyongera akeneye. Ni ngombwa kugisha inama muganga ku bijyanye n’ingano ya zingi ikenewe no kuyifata mu gihe cyatwite.

Igihe zingi y’inyongera ikwiye gukoreshwa

Zingi y’inyongera ikoreshwa ku nama y’umuganga mu gihe habayeho ikibazo nko kugwa k’umusatsi, uduheri, impiswi cyangwa igihe indyo itabasha gutanga zingi ihagije. Iyi miti iboneka mu buryo butandukanye (tablets, pastilles, sirop, gouttes, spray cyangwa kremu); ariko ntigomba gukoreshwa uko umuntu abyishakiye, ahubwo igomba kuba ku nama y’inzobere.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

1. Zingi ifasha mu zihe ndwara?

Çinko, uretse inkunga sisitemu y’ubudahangarwa, kurinda ubuzima bw’uruhu, kwihutisha gukira kw’inkomere no kuvura uduheri, ishobora kuba ingirakamaro mu bihe byinshi. Ariko mbere yo gukoresha buri gihe imyunyu ngugu y’inyongera ku ndwara iyo ari yo yose, ni ingenzi kugisha inama muganga wawe.

2. Ni bande bagira ikibazo cyo kubura çinko cyane?

Kubura çinko kenshi biboneka cyane mu bagore batwite, abonsa, abafite indwara z’imyanya y’igogora, abarya imboga gusa n’abafite ikibazo cy’ubusinzi.

3. Ni gute umuntu amenya ko afite çinko nyinshi?

Iyo wafashe çinko nyinshi, ushobora guhura n’ibibazo by’igogora nko kuribwa mu nda, isesemi, kuruka no guhitwa. Kunywa çinko nyinshi igihe kirekire bishobora no kubangamira uko indi myunyu ngugu yinjira mu mubiri.

4. Çinko ishobora gufatwa n’imiti?

Çinko ishobora kugirana ingaruka n’antibiotikine zimwe na zimwe n’indi myunyu ngugu. Kubw’ibyo, niba ukoresha imiti buri gihe, ni ngombwa kubimenyesha muganga wawe igihe ufata inyongera ya çinko.

5. Ese gufata inyongera ya çinko nta mpamvu bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi?

Yego, gufata çinko nyinshi kandi idakenewe bishobora guteza ibibazo by’ubuzima. Fata gusa iyo muganga abiguhereye inama kandi mu rugero yaguhaye.

6. Ni gute kubura çinko bigaragara mu bana?

Kudakura neza, indwara zifata kenshi, inkomere zitakira ku ruhu n’impinduka mu myitwarire bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byo kubura çinko. Kugira ngo byemezwe, hashobora gukenerwa ibizamini by’amaraso.

7. Ni ibihe biribwa bibonekamo çinko?

Çinko iboneka cyane mu bikoresho byo mu mazi (nk’inkoko y’inyanja), inyama zitukura, ibinyamisogwe, imbuto zifite amavuta, ibikomoka ku mata, intete zuzuye n’amagi.

8. Çinko ifasha mu kurwanya ibicurane?

Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwerekana ko gufata çinko bigabanya igihe cy’ibicurane kandi bigatuma ibimenyetso byoroha. Ariko si ngombwa gufata inyongera ya çinko kuri buri bwandu cyangwa ibicurane; kugisha inama muganga ni bwo buryo bwizewe.

9. Amavuta ya çinko akoreshwa he ku bibazo by’uruhu?

Amavuta ya çinko oxide akoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura uruhu rwashye, inkomere zoroshye ku ruhu, uduheri n’inkomere zatewe n’inkongi.

10. Ni ryari umuntu akwiye gufata inyongera ya çinko?

Niba ufata çinko idahagije mu mafunguro, ufite impiswi idakira, indwara zimwe z’uruhu cyangwa muganga yemeje ko ubura çinko, ushobora gutekereza gufata inyongera.

11. Çinko ni ntakibazo ku bagore batwite?

Mu gihe cyo gutwita, umubiri ukeneye çinko nyinshi, ariko ntugomba kurenza urugero rwemewe buri munsi. Buri gihe banza ugishe inama muganga mbere yo gufata inyongera ya çinko mu gihe utwite.

12. Çinko na fer (icyuma) byafatwa icyarimwe?

Çinko iyo ifatanyijwe na fer n’indi myunyu ngugu, bishobora gutera ikibazo mu kuyinjiza mu mubiri. Ntibisabwa kubifata icyarimwe, ahubwo hagomba gutandukanywa igihe bifatirwa.

13. Çinko ihabwa umwana?

Çinko ishobora guhabwa abana bato n’impinja mu bihe bidasanzwe nko mu gihe cy’impiswi, ariko gusa iyo byemejwe na muganga.

14. Çinko irinda kugwa k’umusatsi?

Kubura çinko bishobora gutera kugwa k’umusatsi. Iyo ikibazo gikemuwe, çinko ishobora gufasha ubuzima bw’umusatsi; ariko si ko impamvu zose zo kugwa k’umusatsi ziterwa no kubura çinko.

15. Inyongera ya çinko itera kongera ibiro?

Çinko ntigira uruhare mu kongera ibiro. Iyo ikoreshwa mu rugero rwemewe kandi mu mirire iboneye, nta ngaruka nk’iyo iteganyijwe.

Amasoko

• Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO). Çinko mu mirire y’abantu: Raporo y’inama y’inzobere za WHO.

• Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe kurwanya indwara no kuzikumira (CDC). Çinko.

• Ibiro by’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubushakashatsi ku mirire (NIH) byita ku nyongera z’imirire. Ifishi y’amakuru kuri çinko ku baganga.

• Kliniki ya Mayo. Inyongera ya çinko: Naba ngomba kuyifata?

• Ikigo cy’Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa (EFSA). Igitekerezo cy’ubumenyi ku bipimo by’inyongera ya çinko.

• Ihuriro ry’Abanyamerika b’inzobere mu buvuzi bw’uruhu. Çinko n’uduheri.