Te Kōpuku o te Kakī: Ngā Pūtake, Ngā Tohu, Te Aromatawai me ngā Tukanga Rongoā

He Aha te Hernia o te Kakī?

Ko te hernia o te kakī he raru hauora ka puta i te nekehanga o te wāhanga pokapū o ngā kōpae kei waenganui i ngā kōiwi tuarā (nucleus pulposus), ka pēhia ngā hanganga io tata, ā, ka pā ki te kounga o te oranga. He maha ka hono ki te hiki taumaha, ngā nekehanga ohorere, wharanga, rānei te noho roa kāore e neke. Ka kitea i te hunga pakeke me te hunga rangatahi, engari ko te nuinga kei waenga i te 20-40 tau. Ka whai wāhi hoki ngā āhuatanga oranga, taiao me te āhua tuku iho ki te whanaketanga o tēnei mate.

Me Pēhea te Puta o te Hernia o te Kakī?

Ko te tuarā tētahi o ngā hanganga matua e tū ai te tinana, e taea ai te neke. Kei waenganui i ngā kōiwi tuarā e whitu o te kakī he kiko ngāwari e kīia ana he kōpae. Ko te wāhanga o roto, he māmā, he rite ki te hūpē (nucleus pulposus), ka karapotia e te porowhita pakari (anulus fibrosus). Ina whara tēnei hanganga, ka puta te kiko o roto ki waho, ka pēhia ngā io, ka puta he raru rerekē.

He Aha ngā Take o te Hernia o te Kakī?

He maha ngā take ka whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o te hernia o te kakī. Ko ngā tino take e kitea nuitia ana:

• Ngā nekehanga ohorere, wharanga, pānga rānei

• Te noho roa kāore e neke, me ngā tikanga tū kino

• Te hiki taumaha, te whakapau kaha tinana rānei

• Te ngaro o te wai me te ngaro o te ngāwari o ngā kōpae nā te koroheketanga (te hēnga)

• Te kai paipa

• Te mahi roa ki te rorohiko, waea atamai rānei

• Ngā pānga kino o te pēhanga hinengaro ki ngā uaua o te tuarā

• Te noho o tēnei mate ki roto i te whānau, arā, te āhua tuku iho

Waihoki, i ētahi momo mahi (hei tauira; te hunga e mahi ana i te tēpu, te hunga e mahi ana i ngā mahi kāinga, ngā kaitaraiwa) ka kitea nuitia te hernia o te kakī.

Ko ngā panonitanga ka kawea mai e te koroheketanga ka tere ake te kino o te hanganga o te kōpae, ka āhei te whanaketanga o te hernia ā-tauwhiro. Ina puta ohorere te hernia o te kakī i muri i te wharanga, ka tīmata ngā raru i te tere me te mārama ake.

He Aha ngā Tohu o te Hernia o te Kakī?

Ka rerekē te whakaaturanga o te hernia o te kakī i runga i te kaha o ngā tohu me te io e pāngia ana. Ko ngā tohu e kitea nuitia ana:

• Te mamae i te kakī, pakihiwi, tuarā me ngā ringa

• Te rongo kore, te koretake, te ngaro o te rongo i ngā ringa, ringaringa rānei

• Te ngoikore o ngā uaua, otirā te ngoikore o te pupuri i te ringa, matimati rānei

• Te ngaro, te heke rānei o te urupare

• Te māhunga, te āmaimai me ētahi atu raru whānui

• I ētahi wā, te ngaro o te taurite, te tangi o te taringa, te angiangi o ngā ringa

I ētahi tāngata, ka kaha ake te mamae i te maremare, tihe, pēhanga rānei. Ko te taumata o te pānga ki ngā io ka whakatau ko hea o te ringa me te ringaringa ka raru te rongo me te neke.

Mēnā kāore e rongoāhia, ka kaha haere te mate, ka puta pea te ngaro nui o te rongo, te ngoikore rānei o ngā uaua nā te pēhanga ki te io, nō reira he mea nui kia toro wawe ki te rata ina puta ngā tohu.

Ngā Tohu i ngā Pakiaka Io e Hāngai Ana ki te Hernia o te Kakī

I runga i te taumata e pēhia ana e te hernia, ka puta ngā raru ki ngā pakiaka io rerekē:

• C2: Te māhunga, te tairongo o te karu me te taringa

• C3, C4: Te mamae māmā me te kōpaka uaua i te kakī, pakihiwi me te tuarā

• C5: Te ngaro o te rongo me te ngoikore o te uaua i te pakihiwi me te ringa runga, i tua atu i te mamae o te kakī me te pakihiwi

• C6: Te ngaro o te rongo me te ngoikore i te taha o te pakihiwi, ringa me te ringaringa, te heke o te urupare whatiwhati

• C7: Te heke o te rongo i te mua o te ringa, matimati waenganui, te hē o te urupare triceps

• C8-T1: Te ngaro o te rongo i ngā ringaringa me te wāhanga waenganui o te ringa mua, te aukati i ngā nekehanga o ngā matimati

Me Pēhea te Whakatū i te Taunakitanga o te Hernia o te Kakī?

I te whakatū i te hernia o te kakī, ka mahia tuatahi he tirohanga tinana whānui, ka arotakengia hoki te ahunga o ngā tohu. Ko te horapa o te mamae, te wā tīmata, te kaha me ngā tohu io e hāngai ana he aratohu ki te rata. He iti noa te āwhina o ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga, engari ko te tino taunakitanga ka tautokohia e ngā tirohanga irirangi:

• Röntgen (X-ray): Ka whakaatu i te hanganga kōiwi o te tuarā me ngā panonitanga hēnga pea.

• Tomokanga Rorohiko (BT): Ka whakamahia mō te arotake i ngā taipitopito kōiwi me te kōhatu i ngā kōpae.

• Whakaahua Irirangi Aukume (MRI): Ka whakarato i te mōhiohio tino taipitopito mō ngā kiko ngohengohe, te hernia o ngā kōpae me te taumata o te pānga ki ngā pakiaka io; koinei te tikanga tino tairongo mō te tautuhi i te hernia o te kakī.

• Electromiyografi (EMG) me ngā rangahau kawe io: Ka taea te kite i ngā raruraru o te kawe hiko i ngā io, he tino āwhina mō te tautuhi i te pakiaka io motuhake e pāngia ana.

Ka tono hoki te rata i ētahi whakamātautau hei wehe i ngā mate romatiki, puku rānei, mate urutā rānei kei raro i ngā tohu.

Ngā Aronga Rongoā mō te Hernia o te Kakī

Ko te whāinga o te rongoā mō te hernia o te kakī, kia whakangāwari i ngā raru o te tūroro, kia whakaiti i te pēhanga ki te io, kia whakapiki i te kounga o te oranga. Ka whakaritea te rongoā kia hāngai ki te kaha me te ahunga o te mate. Ko ngā tikanga tuatahi he kore pokanga:

• Ngā tohutohu mātauranga me te oranga: He mea nui te tū tika me te hanga i tētahi taiao mahi ergonomika, te karo i te hiki taumaha me ngā nekehanga e whakapāwera ana i te kakī.

• Ngā hōtaka rongoā ā-tinana me ngā korikori: Ka whakapakari i ngā uaua huri noa i te kakī, ka āwhina i te ngāwari me te rere o te toto. Engari me whakahaere ēnei korikori i raro i te tirotiro a te mātanga.

• Ngā tono wera, makariri rānei ki te rohe: Ka taea te whakamahi hei whakangāwari i te mamae me te kōpaka uaua.

• Ngā rongoā whakamāmā mamae me te whakangāwari uaua: Ka whakamahia i runga i te rongoā a te rata.

• Ngā werohanga tuarā: Ina tino mamae, ka taea te werohia te cortisone ki te pakiaka io, ki te wāhi epidural rānei i runga i te whakaaetanga a te rata; ka whakaiti i te pupuhi me te urutā huri noa i te io.

• Te whakamahi poro kakī: Ka taea te whakangāwari i te wā pokapū, engari kāore e taunaki kia whakamahia mō te wā roa.

Ka whakaaro anake ki te pokanga ina tino pēhia te io, ina ngoikore ngā uaua, rānei kāore e pai te urupare ki ētahi atu rongoā. I te pokanga, ka tango i te wāhanga kōpae e pēhia ana te io. I ētahi wā motuhake, ka whakamahia he kōpae whakakapi, ētahi atu tikanga pokanga hoki hei whakakore i te kikī o te rohe.

Āhea e Hiahiatia ai te Pokanga mō te Hernia o te Kakī?

Kāore e hiahiatia te pokanga mō ngā tūroro katoa o te hernia o te kakī. Engari i ēnei āhuatanga ka taea te taunaki i te pokanga:

• Te piki haere o te ngoikore o ngā uaua me te ngaro haere o te rongo

• Te mamae e kore e whakangāwaritia e ētahi atu rongoā, e tino aukati ana i te oranga o ia rā

• Te tino pēhanga ki te pakiaka io me/rānei te mōrea o te pararutiki

• Te ngoikore o te whakahaere i te kōpū, te whēkau rānei

Ka arotakehia te āhuatanga o ia tūroro, ka kōwhiria te rongoā tino hāngai.

Hea ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Hernia o te Kakī?

He maha ngā tikanga ka taea te whakamahi i te rongoā mō te hernia o te kakī:

• Ngā rongoā ā-tinana me ngā korikori motuhake i raro i te tirotiro a te mātanga

• Ngā rongoā whakangāwari uaua, whakamāmā mamae, me ngā rongoā anti-pupū ina hiahiatia

• Ngā tono makariri, wera rānei

• Te mirimiri, te rongoā kairopraktika i runga i te whakaaetanga a te rata

• Te kōwhiri urunga tika hei tautoko i te tū o te kakī me ngā whakarerekētanga ergonomika o te noho

Ko te mea nui kia mahara, me ui ki tētahi mātanga hauora i mua i te tīmata i tētahi rongoā, hōtaka korikori rānei. Ina mahia ngā tikanga kāore i te mōhio, ka kino ake pea ngā tohu, nō reira me rapu tohutohu mātanga.

Ngā Pātai Auau

1. I a wai ka kitea nuitia te hernia o te kakī?

Ka kitea te hernia o te kakī i te hunga rangatahi me te hunga pakeke. Ka piki te kitea i te hunga e mahi ana i te tēpu, te hunga e hiki taumaha ana, me te hunga e noho roa ana kāore e neke.

2. He aha ngā tohu ka tohu pea ki te hernia o te kakī?

Ko te mamae e horapa ana ki te kakī, pakihiwi, ringa rānei, te rongo kore, te koretake, te ngoikore o ngā ringa, te heke o te urupare, me te āmaimai i ētahi wā, he tohu pea ēnei mō te hernia o te kakī.

3. He aha te tikanga tino whai hua mō te kimi mate?

Ko te tirohanga irirangi autō (MRI) te tikanga tino tairongo, tino taipitopito hoki mō te kimi i te hereni kōiwi kaki.

4. He haumaru ngā whakakori tinana mō ia tūroro?

Kāore e tika ana ia hōtaka whakakori tinana mō ngā tūroro katoa. Me whai ngā tangata kei a rātou te hereni kōiwi kaki i ngā hōtaka kua tohua e te rata, kua whakaritea hoki i raro i te tirotiro a te kaiwhakaora tinana.

5. He pai te mirimiri mō te hereni kōiwi kaki?

Mā ngā tikanga tika, ka taea te āwhina ki te whakaiti i te pupū o te uaua me te mamae. Heoi, i ētahi wā kāore e taunakitia te mirimiri; mō te hāngaitanga, me ui ki tō rata.

6. Ka taea te rongoā aunoa mō te hereni kōiwi kaki?

I ngā wā māmā, timatanga hoki, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā amuamu mā te whakatā me te whakakori tinana. Engari, mō ngā take kua kaha ake, kua puta hoki ngā tohu roro, ka hiahiatia pea te pokanga rongoā.

7. Me pokanga tonu?

Ka taea te whakaora i te nuinga o ngā tūroro hereni kōiwi kaki me ngā tikanga kāore he pokanga. Ka taunakitia te pokanga anake mō ngā āhuatanga tino taumaha, kāore hoki ētahi atu tikanga e whai hua.

8. He kino te whakamahi roa i te taura kaki?

Āe, mā te whakamahi roa ka ngoikore ngā uaua. Me whakamahi anake mō te wā poto, i raro hoki i te tirotiro a te rata.

9. Ka whakakaha te whakamahi rorohiko me te waea pūkoro i te hereni kōiwi kaki?

Mā te tūnga kino me te noho roa i te tūnga hē, ka pēhia ngā uaua me ngā kōiwi kōpuku o te kaki, ka piki te mōrea o te hereni.

10. Ka taea te hoki anō o te hereni kōiwi kaki?

Āe, ina kore e aro ki ngā tūraru, kāore hoki e panoni te āhua noho, ka taea te hoki anō.

11. He aha ngā rongoā e whakamahia ana mō te rongoā hereni kōiwi kaki?

Ko te nuinga, ka tuhi rongoā whakamāmā mamae, rongoā whakangā uaua me ngā rongoā ārai mumura. Me whakamahi ngā rongoā i raro i te tirotiro a te rata.

12. I ngā āhuatanga pēhea me toro atu ki te rata?

Mēnā he mamae, he rongo kore, he ngoikore rānei, ka piki rānei ō amuamu, me tere toro ki tētahi kaimahi hauora.

Ngā Rauemi

• Te Rōpū Hauora o te Ao (WHO): “Ngā Mate Uaua me ngā Kōiwi”

• Te Whare Wānanga Neurology o Amerika (AAN): Ngā Aratohu mō te Radiculopathy Kaki

• Te Rōpū Peka o Uropi (EuroSpine): Ngā Tohutohu mō te Hereni Kōiwi Kaki

• Te Whare Wānanga o ngā Tākuta Kōiwi o Amerika (AAOS): Te Mamae Kaki me te Mate Hereni Kōiwi Kaki

• Mayo Clinic: “Herene Kōiwi”

• New England Journal of Medicine: “Radiculopathy Kaki”