Purine da Asid ɗin Urik: Rawar da Suke Takawa a Jiki da Muhimmancinsu ga Lafiya

Purin sunadarai ne da ake samu a dabi'ance a cikin abinci da dama da muke ci a kullum. Musamman abincin teku, nau'ikan nama, wasu kayan lambu kamar alayyahu, shayi, kofi da abin sha masu yisti suna da yalwar purin. Purin da ke shiga jiki yana fitowa ne sakamakon lalacewar kwayoyin halitta ko narkewar abinci, kuma a matakin karshe na narkewa yana rikidewa zuwa asidin urik.

Menene Asidin Urik kuma Yaya Ake Samunsa a Jiki?

Asidin urik shi ne babban sharar gida da ke fitowa daga rushewar purin a jiki. Mafi yawan wannan sauyi yana faruwa ne a hanta, sauran kadan kuma a wasu sassan jiki. Mafi yawan asidin urik da ke cikin jiki ana fitar da shi ne ta fitsari ta hanyar koda, wani bangare kuma ta hanji ta hanyar bayan gida. Yawan asidin urik a jiki na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum; shekaru, jinsi da salon rayuwa na taka rawa a ciki. A manya, matakin asidin urik yawanci yana kusan 5 mg/dL a maza, kusan 4.1 mg/dL a mata. Amma wadannan kididdiga na iya sauyawa bisa yanayin lafiya ko dabi'u.

Cin abinci mai yalwar purin fiye da kima na kara yawan asidin urik da ya kamata a fitar. A dabi'a, ana sa ran samun daidaito tsakanin asidin urik da ake samarwa da wanda ake fitarwa. Amma idan an samar da yawa ko kuma fitarwa bai isa ba, matakin asidin urik a jini zai karu (hyperuricemia) ko kuma ya ragu (hypouricemia).

Matsanancin Asidin Urik (Hyperuricemia) da Dalilansa

Yawaitar asidin urik a jini fiye da iyakar da aka amince da ita ana kira hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia na iya faruwa sakamakon rashin fitar da isasshen asidin urik ta fitsari, matsaloli a narkewar purin ko kuma cin abinci mai yawan purin. Yawan asidin urik a jini na iya samar da kristal a cikin gabobi wanda ke haifar da cutar gout, kuma yana iya taruwa a koda ya haddasa matsaloli kamar dutsen koda. Idan ba a magance wadannan matsaloli ba, zai iya kara hadarin lalacewar koda da ciwon koda na dindindin.

Daga cikin dalilan yawaitar asidin urik akwai gado, cututtukan koda, ciwon sukari, kiba, gazawar zuciya, wasu cututtukan jini kamar anemia da yawan shan giya. Haka kuma, amfani da magungunan fitar da fitsari (diuretics), wasu magungunan da ke rage karfin garkuwar jiki, rashin aiki sosai na thyroid (hypothyroidism), wasu cututtukan daji da magungunansu na iya kara matakin asidin urik. Asarar nauyi cikin sauri, cin abinci mai tsanani da rashin isasshen abinci suma na daga cikin hadarin.

Alamomin Yawaitar Asidin Urik

Yawaitar asidin urik a jini sau da yawa ba ta haifar da bayyanannun matsaloli. Amma a wasu mutane, tare da wasu alamomi masu kama da mura, ana iya samun wadannan alamomi:

• Ciwo da jin zafi a gabobi

• Kumburi ko ja a gabobi musamman da safe

• Samar da dutsen koda da raguwa wajen yin fitsari

• Wahalar numfashi, kasala, gajiya

• Kumburi a hannu da kafa

• Jin zafi a yankin ciki

• Rikicewar hankali (a matakai masu tsanani)

• Bayyanar cutar gout da kai tsaye: Musamman ciwo mai tsanani, ja da zafi a babban yatsan kafa

Yaya Ake Gano Yawaitar Asidin Urik?

Ana iya gano matakin asidin urik ta hanyar gwajin jini mai sauki. Ana yin wadannan gwaje-gwaje ne don tantance aikin koda, zargin cutar gout ko binciken dutsen koda. A manya, matakin da ya haura 7 mg/dL a maza, ko 6 mg/dL a mata ana daukarsa da yawa. Amma wadannan iyakoki na iya bambanta daga dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa wani.

Yaya Ake Sarrafa Yawaitar Asidin Urik?

Idan an gano yawaitar asidin urik, galibi ana fara binciken musabbabin matsalar. Ana iya ba da shawarar rage cin abinci mai purin, shan ruwa da yawa da kuma kula da nauyin jiki idan ya dace. Idan likita ya ga dama, ana iya amfani da magungunan rage asidin urik ko wasu hanyoyin magani. Sarrafa cututtuka masu tsanani kamar na koda, ciwon sukari, gazawar zuciya da sauransu ma na da muhimmanci.

Raguwar Asidin Urik (Hypouricemia) Menene? A Wane Yanayi Ake Samunsa?

Raguwar matakin asidin urik a jini kasa da iyakar da aka amince da ita ana kira hypouricemia. Hypouricemia galibi ba ya haifar da bayyanannun alamomi; ana ganinsa ne a matsayin wani bangare na wata matsala ta lafiya ko kuma a gwaje-gwajen yau da kullum. Daga cikin dalilan da ke haddasa wannan akwai wasu cututtukan hanta kamar Wilson, matsalolin bututun koda (misali Fanconi syndrome), wasu cututtukan kwakwalwa (misali cutar Parkinson, multiple sclerosis), cututtukan tsarin endocrine, cututtukan jini, rashin isasshen furotin ko purin, wasu magunguna da Ciki. Idan akwai hypouricemia, magani ya kamata ya mayar da hankali kan asalin matsalar.

Me Ya Kamata a Lura da Shi Don Rayuwa Lafiya?

Don kiyaye matakin asidin urik a cikin kima, ana ba da shawarar cin abinci mai daidaito da bambanci, motsa jiki da shan ruwa mai yawa. Musamman wadanda ke da matsalar koda, tarihin cutar gout ko yawaitar asidin urik, ya kamata su lura da abincin da ke da purin da yawa kuma su kasance a karkashin kulawar likita. Idan akwai wata alama ko shakku, tuntuɓar kwararre shi ne mafi dacewa.

Tambayoyi da Ake Yawan Yi

1. Menene asidin urik?

Asidin urik sharar gida ce da ke fitowa daga rushewar sinadarin purin a jiki kuma ya kamata a fitar da shi. A dabi'a, ana fitar da shi ne ta koda da hanji.

2. Wadanne abinci ne ke kara asidin urik?

Naman ja mai yalwar purin, abincin teku, kayan ciki, wake, wasu kayan lambu (misali alayyahu), giya, shayi da kofi na iya kara matakin asidin urik.

3. Menene matsalolin lafiya da yawaitar asidin urik ke haifarwa?

Yawaitar asidin urik na iya haifar da cutar gout, dutsen koda, lalacewar aikin koda da wasu matsalolin kumburi. Idan ba a magance ba, zai iya haifar da matsalolin koda masu tsanani.

4. Me yasa ake bukatar gwajin asidin urik?

Ana yawan yin sa ne idan ana zargin gout, tarihin dutsen koda, ciwon gabobi da ba a san dalili ba ko don tantance aikin koda.

5. Shin yawaitar asidin urik koyaushe na da alama?

A'a, a mafi yawan mutane yawaitar asidin urik ba ta haifar da bayyanannun alamomi. Amma a matakai masu tsanani ko lokacin hare-hare ana iya samun ciwo da kumburi a gabobi.

6. Yaya ake rage yawaitar asidin urik?

Guje wa abinci mai purin, shan ruwa da yawa, kiyaye nauyi mai kyau da kuma amfani da magungunan da likita ya bayar na taimakawa.

7. Me yasa matakin asidin urik zai iya raguwa?

Raguwar asidin urik galibi na nuna wata matsala ta lafiya. Cututtukan hanta ko koda, cin abinci mara furotin ko wasu magunguna na iya janyo hakan.

8. Menene dangantakar gout da asidin urik?

Cutar gout na faruwa ne sakamakon taruwar kristal na asidin urik a cikin gabobi, wanda ke haifar da ciwo da kumburi. Yawanci yana bayyana ne da hare-hare na bazata.

9. Yaya yawaitar asidin urik ke shafar koda?

Kristal na asidin urik da ke taruwa a koda na iya haifar da dutsen koda kuma a dogon lokaci ya lalata aikin koda.

10. Zan iya bibiyar matakin asidin urik a gida?

Ba zai yiwu a gwada asidin urik kai tsaye a gida ba. Amma ana iya bibiyarsa ta hanyar gwajin jini a cibiyoyin lafiya.

11. Shin ana iya sarrafa asidin urik gaba daya da abinci?

Ana iya samun tasiri mai yawa ta hanyar abinci, amma a wasu lokuta ana bukatar magani.

12. Wadanne alamomi ne ya kamata su sa in ga likita?

Idan aka samu ciwon gabobi mai tsanani, kumburi na bazata, dutsen koda, gajiya mai tsawo, rikicewar hankali, ana bukatar a duba lafiya.

13. Menene abincin da ke da iyakancewar purin?

Abincin da ke da iyakancewar purin tsari ne na abinci da ke rage cin abinci mai purin. Manufarsa ita ce kiyaye matakin asidin urik a daidaito.

14. Yaya giya ke shafar matakin asidin urik?

Giya, musamman giya mai yisti, na iya kara purin da asidin urik. Takaita shan giya na da muhimmanci wajen sarrafa matakin.

Madauki

Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO): Cututtuka Masu Yaduwa - Gout

CDC - Cibiyar Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka: Gout

American Kidney Fund: Fahimtar Dutsen Koda da Asidin Urik

Kwalejin Rheumatology ta Amurka: Ka'idojin Gout

Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Ƙasa (NIH): Bayanin Gwajin Uric Acid