Vertigo: Izimbangela, Izimpawu Nokuphathwa Kwayo
Yini i-Vertigo Futhi Ichazwa Kanjani?
I-Vertigo wukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela okuvela lapho umuntu ezwa sengathi yena noma imvelo ezungezile iyazungeza. Esigulini okucatshangwa ukuthi sine-vertigo, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthi sichaze ngokuningiliziwe imizwa yokuzulazula nokungalingani. Ngemuva kwalesi sichasiselo, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene okuhloswe ngakho ukuqonda imvelaphi yenkinga, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi nendawo kanye nendlebe yangaphakathi. Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-vertigo ingase ibangelwe inkinga yokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, kungasetshenziswa izindlela zokuhlola ezithuthukile ezifana ne-doppler ultrasonography, i-computed tomography (CT) angiography, i-magnetic resonance (MR) angiography noma ezinye izindlela zokuthwebula. Uma isifo sesichaziwe kahle, ukwelashwa kuhlelwa ngokukhethekile kuye ngesizathu esiyinhloko.
Yiziphi Izimbangela Eziyisisekelo Ze-Vertigo?
I-Vertigo ivamise ukubangelwa izifo zendlebe yangaphakathi noma uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi nendawo. Ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwazo, i-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) yaziwa kakhulu. Ku-BPPV, ukuhamba kwekhanda kubangela ukuhlaselwa okusheshayo, okuvamile, kokuzulazula okuhlala isikhathi esifushane. Lezi ziqephu zivame ukuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuya emaminithini ambalwa futhi zingavuswa izimo ezifana nokuphenduka embhedeni noma ukuhambisa ikhanda ngokushesha. Ivame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile futhi inemiphumela emihle. Ngokuvamile ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhulu futhi ivame ukuphela ngokwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Vertigo ingase ididaniswe nezimo ezithile zengqondo (njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka). Kodwa-ke, izici zengqondo azibangeli i-vertigo ngqo; kubantu abanezinkinga zokuzulazula, imbangela ivamise ukuba yinto yomzimba hhayi yengqondo.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-vertigo yilezi:
I-Labyrinthitis kanye ne-vestibular neuritis: Ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi okuvame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Ama-virus ahlukahlukene afana ne-flu, measles, mumps, herpes kanye ne-EBV angaba yimbangela. Kulezi zimo, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kuvame ukuhambisana nokuzulazula.
Isifo sika-Meniere: Ngokujwayelekile, i-vertigo ihambisana nokuzwakala komsindo endlebeni kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuqhubekayo. Lesi sifo sivela ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kwezinye izikhathi izimpawu ziyathuthuka. Nakuba imbangela ingaziwa kahle, izici zofuzo, ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ukulimala ekhanda kanye nokungezwani kungaba nomthelela.
I-Acoustic neuroma: Umfutho omuhle othinta imithambo yendlebe yangaphakathi. Ukuzulazula kungahambisana nokuzwakala komsindo endlebeni kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
Izinkinga ze-cerebrovascular: Ukuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni (stroke) noma ukuvuza kwegazi ebuchosheni kungabangela i-vertigo.
I-Multiple sclerosis (MS): Isifo esithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi nendawo futhi esibangela izimpawu ezihlukahlukene.
Ezinye izimbangela: Ukulimala ekhanda, ukulimala entanyeni, isifo sikashukela, ushukela ophansi egazini, imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile kanye, ngezinye izikhathi, ukukhathazeka kungaba nomthelela ekuveleni kwe-vertigo.
Yiziphi Izimpawu Ezihambisana Ne-Vertigo?
Umuntu one-vertigo uzwa sengathi uyazungeza noma umhlaba uyazungeza. Ukuzulazula kuvame ukuhambisana; nokuhlanza, ukuphalaza, ukujuluka, ukungalingani, ukuhamba kwamehlo okungajwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kanye nokuzwakala komsindo endlebeni. Ukuphazamiseka kombono, izinkinga ekuhambeni noma izinguquko esimweni sokwazi kungavela kwezinye izimo. Lezi zimpawu ezengeziwe ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo esiyisisekelo kanye nezinhlelo zomzimba ezithintekayo.
I-Vertigo Ivela Kanjani?
I-Vertigo ingavela ngenxa yezimo eziningi ezithinta uhlelo lokulinganisela. Izifo zendlebe yangaphakathi zingezinye zezimbangela ezinkulu. Ngokwesibonelo:
Ku-BPPV, ukuhamba kwamakristalu anesibopho sokulinganisela endlebeni yangaphakathi kubangela ukuzulazula.
Izimo ezifana nesifo sika-Meniere kanye ne-vestibular neuritis nazo zingezinye zezimbangela ezinkulu ze-vertigo.
Izifo zemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni, ukujuluka okuvela ku-migraine, imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile kanye nezifo zezinzwa nazo zingezinye zezimbangela ezingaba khona ze-vertigo.
Ukuphathwa Kwe-Vertigo Nezindlela Zokwelapha Ziyini?
Ukwelashwa kwe-vertigo kusekelwe ekutholeni kahle imbangela. Izindlela ezisetshenziswayo zingafingqwa kanje:
Kuma-vertigo avela endlebeni yangaphakathi njenge-BPPV, izindlela zokuhambisa ikhanda ezikhethekile (njenge-Epley maneuver noma izivivinyo ze-Brandt-Daroff) zivame ukusebenza kahle.
Esifweni sika-Meniere, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kosawoti, imithi yokukhuculula amanzi emzimbeni, kwesinye isikhathi nokuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
Ku-vertigo okubangelwa ukutheleleka (njenge-labyrinthitis), imithi efanele yokulwa nokutheleleka (antibiotic noma antiviral) inganikezwa.
Ku-vertigo okuhlobene ne-migraine, imithi esetshenziswa ku-migraine kanye nezinguquko kwindlela yokuphila kuyelulekwa.
Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nezivivinyo zokulinganisela kungasiza ekuphathweni kwe-vertigo ngendlela engcono. Futhi, ngesikhathi se-vertigo, kuyelulekwa ukugwema i-caffeine, utshwala nemikhiqizo kagwayi nokunaka ukuthatha amanzi anele.
Ubude Be-Vertigo Bunje Ngani?
Ubude be-vertigo buya ngokuthi yisiphi isizathu esiyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenzisiwe. Ezimweni ezifana ne-BPPV, ukuzulazula kuvame ukuba yisikhathi esifushane futhi kungalungiseka ngokushesha ngezindlela ezifanele. Ezimweni ezifana nokutheleleka noma isifo sika-Meniere, izimpawu zingahlala isikhathi eside futhi kwesinye isikhathi zibuye ziphindaphinde. Ezimweni ze-vertigo eziba njalo, ukwesekwa kochwepheshe kubalulekile kakhulu.
Izinto Okufanele Ziqashelwe Ku-Neurological Vertigo
Ku-vertigo ebangelwa ubuchopho noma uhlelo lwezinzwa, ukujuluka kungahambisana nokungalingani, ukuphalaza, izinkinga zokukhuluma noma zokubona. Kulezi zimo, ukutholakala nokwelashwa okusheshayo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni umonakalo unomphela.
Yiziphi Izimo Okufanele Uye Kudokotela Ngokuphuthumayo?
Abantu abanezimpawu ze-vertigo uma behlangabezana nanoma yikuphi okulandelayo, kufanele bafune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha:
Ukhanda olubuhlungu ngokuzumayo noma olukhulu
Ukubona kabili, ukulahlekelwa ukubona
Ubunzima ekukhulumeni
Ubuthakathaka noma ukungazizwa kahle ezingalweni noma ezinyaweni
Izinguquko esimweni sokwazi
Ukulahlekelwa ukulinganisela ngokuzumayo noma ukuwa
Izeluleko Zendlela Yokuphila Ngesikhathi Sokwelashwa Kwe-Vertigo
Ukuze ubhekane ne-vertigo;
Gwema ukuhambisa ikhanda ngokuzumayo noma ukusebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme,
Qaphela uma usebenzisa izimoto noma imishini esindayo,
Phuza amanzi amaningi futhi unike isikhathi ukuphumula,
Gwema i-caffeine, utshwala nomkhiqizo kagwayi,
Yenza izinyakatho kancane nangokulawula.
Kwezinye iziguli, izivivinyo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nohlelo lwe-physiotherapy lunganconywa kuye ngokuhamba kwesifo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe i-Vertigo Ingadidaniswa Nezinye Izifo?
Yebo, i-migraine, ukukhathazeka, ezinye izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nazo zingabangela ukuzulazula. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-vertigo ngokuzizwa kwayo okujwayelekile nokuhlola izimpawu ezengeziwe.
Ingabe i-Vertigo Iyaphela Ngokwayo?
Kuncike esizathwini, ezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-BPPV zingaphela ngokwazo. Kodwa-ke, uma i-vertigo ihlala isikhathi eside, iphindaphinda noma inamandla, kufanele uthintane nodokotela.
Ingabe Kungenzeka Ukuthi I-Vertigo Iphilile Ngokugcwele?
Uma imbangela eyinhloko iselashwa noma isilawulwa, izimpawu ze-vertigo zinganyamalala ngokuphelele. Kodwa kwezinye izifo eziba njalo, zingaphinda ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kufanele Kwenzekani Uma Kukhona Ukuvuvukala Endlebeni Yangaphakathi?
Kufanele kuqale ukwelashwa okufanele ngemithi ngokwelulekwa udokotela futhi unake ukuphumula. Uma izimpawu ziba zimbi, kungadingeka ukuya esibhedlela.
Ingabe I-Vertigo Ingaba Yengqondo?
Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kungavusa imizwa yokuzulazula kwabanye abantu. Kodwa "i-vertigo yangempela" ivamise ukubangelwa inkinga emithanjeni yokulinganisela noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
Ingabe I-Vertigo Ivame Ukuvela Ezinganeni?
Yebo, ukutheleleka kwendlebe yangaphakathi kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-migraine kungabangela i-vertigo ezinganeni.
Kufanele Kwenzekani Uma I-Vertigo Ihambisana Nokulahlekelwa Ukuzwa?
Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwenkinga endlebeni yangaphakathi noma emithanjeni yokuzwa futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngokushesha. Kufanele uthintane nodokotela wezinzwa noma wezinhliziyo nezindlebe ngaphandle kokulibala.
I-Vertigo Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani?
Isikhathi sezimpawu siya ngokuthi yisiphi isizathu; singahluka ukusuka emizuzwaneni embalwa kuya emasontweni amaningi.
Ngabe kukhona ukuzivocavoca engingakwenza ekhaya?
Yebo, ezinye izivocavoca ezilula zokulinganisela nesikhundla sekhanda (njenge-Epley ne-Brandt-Daroff maneuvers) zingasetshenziswa ekhaya ngokwelulekwa udokotela.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi okufanele unake?
Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungazelelwe nobukhulu, ukuphazamiseka kokukhuluma noma ukubona, noma ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.
Kuyini okwenza kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ekwelashweni kwe-vertigo?
Nakuba kungavamile, kwezinye izinhlobo ze-vertigo ezingaphenduli emithini nasekuzivocavoceni futhi ezithinta kakhulu izinga lempilo, ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kungacatshangelwa.
Yini okufanele igcinwe engqondweni ngumuntu one-BPPV?
Kufanele agweme ukuhambisa ikhanda ngokuzumayo kanye nemisebenzi eyingozi, anakekele ukuphumula futhi angaphuthelwa izindlela ezelulekwa udokotela.
Imithombo
Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (WHO) – Izifo zeVestibular nokuzulazula ikhanda
Inyuvesi YaseMelika Yezifo Zezindlebe, Ikhala, Nolimi kanye Nezifo Zokuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo (AAO-HNS) – Imihlahlandlela Yokuphathwa kwe-Vertigo
Inyuvesi YaseMelika Yezifo Zezingqondo (AAN) – Ukuhlolwa Nokwelashwa Kokuzulazula Ikhanda
I-Mayo Clinic – Vertigo: Izimpawu Nezimbangela
The Lancet Neurology – Ukuhlukaniswa kwezifo zokuzulazula ikhanda ne-vertigo
Lolu lwazi kufanele luhlolwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa nguchwepheshe wezempilo. Uma kunezimpawu ezisolisayo noma ezithatha isikhathi eside, kufanele uthintane nodokotela.