I-Purine ne-Uric Acid: Indima Yazo Emzimbeni Nokubaluleka Kwezempilo
Amaphuri amayikhemikhali atholakala ngokwemvelo ezitsheni eziningi esizidla nsuku zonke. Ikakhulukazi ukudla kwasolwandle, izinhlobo zenyama, imifino ethile efana nesipinashi, itiye, ikhofi kanye neziselo ezinegwele kucebile ngamaphuri. Amaphuri angena emzimbeni, aphuma ekubhujisweni kwemvelo kwamaseli noma ekugayweni kokudla, bese ekugcineni eguqulwa abe yi-uric acid esigabeni sokugcina semetabolismu.
Iyini i-Uric Acid Futhi Yakheka Kanjani Emzimbeni?
I-uric acid iyimfucuza eyinhloko evela ekuqhekekeni kwamaphuri emzimbeni. Iningi lale nguquko yenzeka esibindini, kanti ingxenye encane yenzeka kwamanye amalunga omzimba. Iningi le-uric acid emzimbeni likhishwa ngamanzi omchamo ngamathumbu, kanti enye ingxenye ikhishwa ngendle. Izinga le-uric acid emzimbeni lingahluka kumuntu nomuntu; iminyaka, ubulili kanye nesitayela sokuphila kudlala indima. Kubantu abadala, amazinga e-uric acid avamise ukuba cishe u-5 mg/dL kwabesilisa, kanti kwabesifazane cishe u-4.1 mg/dL. Kodwa lezi zilinganiso zingashintsha ngokuya ngezimo zempilo noma imikhuba ehlukene.
Ukudla ngokweqile ukudla okucebile ngamaphuri kwandisa inani le-uric acid okufanele likhishwe. Ngokuvamile, kufanele kube nokulingana phakathi kwe-uric acid ekhiqizwayo nekhishwayo. Kodwa, uma kukhona ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile noma ukukhishwa okunganele, izinga le-uric acid egazini liyakhuphuka (hyperuricemia) noma lehle (hypouricemia).
Ukukhuphuka Kwe-Uric Acid (Hyperuricemia) Nezimbangela Zakhona
Ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid egazini ngaphezu kwemingcele ejwayelekile kubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperuricemia. I-hyperuricemia ingenzeka ngenxa yokuthi i-uric acid ayikhishwa kahle ngomchamo, izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwamaphuri noma ukudla amaphuri ngokweqile. I-uric acid eningi egazini ingakha amakristalu emalungeni, okubangela isifo se-gout, futhi ingaqoqeka emathunjini, ibangele izinkinga ezifana namatshe esinye. Uma lezi zimo zingelashwa, zingandisa ingozi yokulimala kwesinye okuqhubekayo kanye nokwehluleka kwesinye okuqhubekayo.
Izimbangela ezingaba khona zokukhuphuka kwe-uric acid zihlanganisa ifa, izifo zesinye, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, izifo zegazi ezifana ne-anemia kanye nokuphuza utshwala njalo. Futhi imithi yokukhucululwa kwamanzi (diuretics), eminye imithi ethinta amasosha omzimba, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid (hypothyroidism), ezinye izifo zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa kwazo kungakhuphula izinga le-uric acid. Ukwehla ngokushesha kwesisindo, ukudla okungaphezulu noma ukungondleki nakho kuyizici ezingaba yingozi.
Izimpawu Zokukhuphuka Kwe-Uric Acid
Ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid egazini kuvame ukungabangeli izikhalo ezicacile. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, kungavela izimpawu ezilandelayo kanye nezikhalo ezifana ne-flu:
Ubuhlungu kanye nokuzwela emalungeni
Ukukhukhumala noma ukubomvu emalungeni ikakhulukazi ekuseni
Ukubunjwa kwamatshe esinye kanye nokwehla kokuchama
Ukuphelelwa umoya, buthakathaka, ukukhathala
Ukukhukhumala ezandleni nasemilenzeni
Ukushisa esiswini
Ukudideka kwengqondo (ezimweni ezinzima)
Ukuhlasela okucacile nokungazelelwe kwesifo se-gout: ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukubomvu nokushisa esithupha sonyawo
Kwenziwa Kanjani Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Uric Acid Ephakeme?
Amazinga e-uric acid angatholakala kalula ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa uma kuhlolwa ukusebenza kwesinye, kusolakala isifo se-gout noma kuphenywa ukubunjwa kwamatshe. Kubantu abadala, izinga elingaphezu kuka-7 mg/dL kwabesilisa noma u-6 mg/dL kwabesifazane lithathwa njengeliphezulu. Kodwa lezi zilinganiso zingahluka ngokwelebhu ehlukene.
Kuphathwa Kanjani Ukukhuphuka Kwe-Uric Acid?
Kumuntu okutholwe ukuthi une-uric acid ephakeme, kuvame ukuqala ngokufuna imbangela eyisisekelo. Kunganconywa ukunciphisa ukudla okuqukethe amaphuri amaningi, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokulawula isisindo uma kudingeka. Uma udokotela ebona kufanele, kungasetshenziswa imithi yehlisa i-uric acid noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukuphathwa kwezifo ezikhona (izifo zesinye, isifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo njll.) nakho kubalulekile.
Iyini I-Uric Acid Ephansi (Hypouricemia)? Ibonakala Ngezimo Zinjani?
Ukwehla kwe-uric acid egazini ngaphansi kwamazinga ajwayelekile kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypouricemia. I-hypouricemia ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu ezicacile; ivame ukutholakala njengengxenye yesinye isimo sezempilo noma itholakale ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Izimbangela zingahlanganisa izifo zesibindi ezifana nesifo sika-Wilson, ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu esinye (isb. Fanconi syndrome), ezinye izifo zezinzwa (isb. isifo sika-Parkinson, multiple sclerosis), izifo ze-endocrine, izifo zegazi, ukungondleki kwephrotheni noma amaphuri, eminye imithi kanye nobukhulelwe. Uma ikhona i-hypouricemia, kubalulekile ukwelapha isifo esiyimbangela.
Yiziphi Izinto Okufanele Uzinakele Ekuphileni Okunempilo?
Ukuze ugcine amazinga e-uric acid phakathi kwemingcele enempilo, kunconywa ukudla okulinganiselayo nokwehlukahlukene, ukuzivocavoca kanye nokuphuza amanzi anele. Ikakhulukazi labo abanezinkinga zesinye, isifo se-gout noma umlando wokukhuphuka kwe-uric acid, kufanele banake ukudla okucebile ngamaphuri futhi bahlolwe njalo ngudokotela. Uma kukhona izimpawu noma ukungabaza, kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Iyini i-uric acid?
I-uric acid iyimfucuza evela ekuqhekekeni kwezinto ezibizwa ngamaphuri emzimbeni futhi kufanele ikhishwe. Ngokuvamile ikhishwa emzimbeni ngamanzi omchamo kanye nendle.
2. Yiziphi izitshalo ezibangela ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid?
Inyama ebomvu ecebile ngamaphuri, ukudla kwasolwandle, izitho zangaphakathi, imifino ethile (isb. isipinashi), utshwala, itiye nekofi kungandisa izinga le-uric acid.
3. I-uric acid eningi ibangela ziphi izinkinga zempilo?
Ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid kungaholela esifweni se-gout, amatshe esinye, ukwehla kokusebenza kwesinye kanye nezinye izimo ezishisa umzimba. Uma kungelashwa, kungaholela ezinkingeni zesinye ezinzima.
4. Kungani kufunwa ukuhlolwa kwe-uric acid?
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa uma kusolakala i-gout, umlando wamatshe esinye, ubuhlungu bemalunga obungachazeki noma ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesinye.
5. Ingabe ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid kuhlala kunezimpawu?
Cha, kubantu abaningi ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid akubangeli izimpawu ezicacile. Kodwa ezingeni eliphezulu noma ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kungavela ubuhlungu nokukhukhumala emalungeni.
6. Kwehliswa kanjani ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid?
Gwema ukudla okucebile ngamaphuri, uphuze amanzi amaningi, ugcine isisindo esifanele futhi uma kudingeka usebenzise imithi kadokotela njalo.
7. Kungani izinga le-uric acid lingase lehle?
Izinga eliphansi le-uric acid ngokuvamile libonisa enye inkinga yezempilo. Izifo zesibindi noma zesinye, ukudla okuphansi kwephrotheni noma eminye imithi kungaba yimbangela.
8. Iyini inhlobonhlobo phakathi kwe-gout ne-uric acid?
Isifo se-gout yisifo esishisa umzimba esenzeka ngenxa yokuqoqeka kwamakristalu e-uric acid emalungeni, kuhambisana nobuhlungu nokukhukhumala. Ngokuvamile kuvela ngokuhlasela okungazelelwe.
9. Ukukhuphuka kwe-uric acid kuthinta kanjani izinye?
Amakristalu e-uric acid aqoqekayo esinye angabangela ukubunjwa kwamatshe esinye futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwehlise ukusebenza kwesinye.
10. Ngingakwazi yini ukulandelela izinga lami le-uric acid ekhaya?
Awukwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-uric acid ekhaya ngqo. Kodwa ungakwazi ukulandelela ngokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ezikhungweni zezempilo.
11. Ingabe ukudla kungalawula ngokuphelele i-uric acid?
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukudla kube nomthelela omkhulu ezingeni le-uric acid, kodwa kwezinye izimo kudingeka imithi yokwelapha.
12. Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngiye ngazo kudokotela?
Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemalunga, ukukhukhumala okungazelelwe, amatshe esinye, ukukhathala okungapheli, ukudideka kwengqondo—lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.
13. Iyini i-diet yokunciphisa amaphuri?
I-diet yokunciphisa amaphuri uhlelo lokudla olulinganiselwe ukudla okuqukethe amaphuri amaningi. Inhloso ukugcina izinga le-uric acid lilawulwa.
14. Utshwala luthinta kanjani izinga le-uric acid?
Utshwala ikakhulukazi ubhiya, lukhuphula izinga lamaphuri kanye ne-uric acid. Ukunciphisa utshwala kubalulekile ekulawuleni amazinga.
Imithombo
Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (WHO): Izifo Ezingenamkhuhlane - Gout
CDC - Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbela Izifo: Gout
American Kidney Fund: Ukuqonda Amatshe Esinye kanye Ne-Uric Acid
American College of Rheumatology: Imihlahlandlela yeGout
Izikhungo Kazwelonke Zokucwaninga Ngezempilo (NIH): Ulwazi Lokuhlolwa Kwe-Uric Acid