Umqolo kunye neHerniya yeLinqa: Ulwazi Olusisiseko, Iimpawu kunye neendlela zonyango

Ulwakhiwo Lomqolo NoMthambo Womqolo

Umqolo, wakhiwe ziindawo ezingama-24 ezibizwa ngokuba zi-vertebrae kwaye yindawo ephambili exhasa umzimba. Ngaphakathi kukho umthambo womqolo, owenziwe ziintambo zemithambo-luvo ezidibanisa ingqondo nomzimba. Iimisipha ezijikeleze umqolo zenza ukuba umqolo nomqolo osezantsi zikwazi ukuhamba kakuhle kwaye zomelele.

Ngokwe-anatomy, umqolo wahlulwe waba ziinxalenye ezine: icandelo lentamo libizwa ngokuba yi-servical, icandelo lesifuba yi-toracik, icandelo lesinqe yi-lumbar, kwaye icandelo elisezantsi libizwa ngokuba yi-sakral. Icandelo lesinqe liqulathe iindawo ezintlanu ezibhalwe ukusuka kwi-L1 ukuya kwi-L5. Idiski eziphakathi kwezi ndawo, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-intervertebral disks, zenza kube lula ukuhamba kwaye zinciphisa ukothuka.

Yintoni iBel Fıtığı?

IBel fıtığı yenzeka xa idiski ephakathi kweendawo zomqolo ezisezantsi iqhawuka kwaye umaleko wayo othambileyo ucinezela imithambo-luvo. Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba kukutyibilika okanye ukugoba kwediski, idla ngokubangela iintlungu ezinzulu emqolo nasezinyaweni. Ukugobeka kwediski kudla ngokubangelwa kukuguga kunye nokubuthathaka kweethishu, kodwa ukunyanzelwa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima nako kungakhawulezisa inkqubo.

Zeziphi Iimpawu Eziphambili ZeBel Fıtığı?

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo ze-bel fıtığı zezi:

• Iintlungu emqolo nasezinyaweni

• Ukungaphatheki kakuhle okanye ukuluma ezinyaweni

• Ukungabi naxesha okanye ukutshisa ezinyaweni

• Ubunzima ekuhambeni

Xa idiski egobileyo icinezela imithambo-luvo, intlungu idla ngokusasazeka ukusuka emqolo iye ezinyaweni. Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu ivakala kuphela emqolo, ngamanye amaxesha kubakho ukulahleka kwamandla okanye iingxaki zokulinganisela ezinyaweni nasezinyaweni. Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, kunokubakho ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo okanye inkunkuma, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yezesondo, oku kunokuba luphawu lwe-cauda equina syndrome. Kule meko, unyango olukhawulezileyo luyimfuneko.

Izinto Ezibangela Ukuphuhliswa KweBel Fıtığı

Uninzi lwabantu luyadibana nentlungu yomqolo ebomini babo. Kodwa i-bel fıtığı inxulunyaniswa kakhulu neminye imiba yengozi:

• Ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima okanye ukuhamba okunamandla

• Ukuhlala ixesha elide (umzekelo, ukusebenza etafileni, ukuqhuba ixesha elide)

• Ubunzima obugqithisileyo (ukutyeba kakhulu), okubeka umthwalo ongezelelweyo kumqolo

• Ukusebenzisa itshokolethi, oku kuchaphazela ukutya kweediski zomqolo

• Ukwenzakala ngokwemfuza; ngamanye amaxesha i-bel fıtığı ifumaneka kumalungu amaninzi osapho

• Uhlobo lobomi olungasebenziyo; ubuthathaka beemisipha yomqolo kunye nesisu bonyusa umngcipheko

• Ukufumana ubunzima obugqithisileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kongeza uxinzelelo kwiindawo zomqolo

Uhlolo LweBel Fıtığı Lwenziwa Njani?

Inyathelo lokuqala ekufumaneni i-bel fıtığı kukuthatha imbali yezonyango eneenkcukacha kunye novavanyo lomzimba. Indawo yentlungu, ukusasazeka kwayo emzimbeni, ukulahleka kwamandla okanye ukuva, konke kuhlolwa. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuqhwa okanye ukutshiza kunokunyusa intlungu.

Iindlela zokubonisa umfanekiso zibalulekile ekuxhaseni uhlolo:

• IRöntgen (X-ray): Ibonisa iinkcukacha zamathambo omqolo, isetyenziswa ekufumaneni ukwaphuka kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwemilo.

• I-CT (Bilgisayarlı Tomografi): Iluncedo ekuhloleni iidiski ezomeleleyo okanye ezigobileyo.

• I-MRI (Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme): Ngenxa yokuba inika iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngeethishu ezithambileyo, imithambo-luvo kunye neediski, yeyona ndlela ikhethwayo ekufumaneni i-bel fıtığı.

• I-EMG (Elektronöromiyografi): Inokufumanisa ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka ekudluliseni imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo.

Kwezinye iimeko, xa kusolakala usulelo, umhlaza okanye isifo esichaphazela umzimba wonke, kuvavanyo lwegazi olongezelelweyo luyafuneka.

Zeziphi Iindlela EziSetyenziswayo KwiBel Fıtığı?

Unyango lwe-bel fıtığı luhlelwa ngokwezikhalazo zomntu, inqanaba lefıtığı kunye nomngcipheko wokwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo. Kwiimeko zokuqala, ezi ndlela zilandelayo zihlala zicetyiswa:

• Ukuphumla ixesha elifutshane

• Unyango lwezomzimba kunye nokubuyisela amandla

• Amayeza anciphisa intlungu kunye nokudumba (ihlala ingama-nonsteroid antiinflamatuvarlar)

Kwiimeko zentlungu enzulu okanye iimpawu zemithambo-luvo, amayeza anokomelela ngakumbi okanye aphumzise imisipha anokusetyenziswa. Kodwa ukuba unyango lwamayeza alwanelisi okanye kukho ukulahleka kolawulo lomchamo/inkunkuma, unyango lwezifo lunokucetyiswa.

Zeziphi Iindlela Zonyango LweZifo?

Unyango lwezifo luhlala luqwalaselwa xa kukho ukulahleka kwamandla okukhulu, ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo/inkunkuma, ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yezesondo okanye intlungu enzulu engapheliyo. Iindlela eziphambili zonyango lwezifo zezi:

• IMikrodiskektomi: Ukususwa kwediski egobileyo phantsi kwe-microscope

• ILaminektomi: Ukususwa kwenxalenye yomqolo (lamina) ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo

• Utyando lwediski yokwenziwa: Ukususwa kwediski eyonakeleyo kwaye kufakwe idiski yokwenziwa; isetyenziswa kuphela kwiintlobo ezithile zabaguli

• ISpinal fusion: Ukuqiniswa kweendawo zomqolo ezininzi; ikhethwa kwiimeko zokungazinzi okukhulu

Nangona kukho umngcipheko wokosuleleka, ukopha okanye ukwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo emva konyango lwezifo, iindlela zanamhlanje ze-microcerrahi zinciphise kakhulu ezi ngxaki.

Ukubuyela Kwimeko Esiqhelekileyo Emva KweBel Fıtığı

Kwiimeko ezingafuni utyando okanye emva konyango lwezifo, unyango lwezomzimba, ukomelezwa kweemisipha kunye neenkqubo zokuzilolonga ezifanelekileyo zinokugcina impilo yomqolo. Ukusetyenziswa kobushushu/ubanda okucetyiswa ngugqirha, ukuphumla ixesha elifutshane kunye noqeqesho lokuma nako kuxhasa inkqubo yokubuyisela.

Yintoni Ebalulekileyo Ukuze Uthintele IBel Fıtığı?

Utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yokuphila lubalulekile ekuthinteleni i-bel fıtığı:

• Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni kunye nokuphepha ukutyeba okungadingekiyo

• Ukwenza imithambo yokomeleza imisipha rhoqo (ngakumbi imisipha yesisu nomqolo)

• Xa uphakamisa into emhlabeni, guqa amadolo kwaye ugcine umqolo uthe tye

• Kwiimisebenzi efuna ukuhlala ixesha elide, phakama rhoqo kwaye uzolule

• Phepha izihlangu ezineenqaku eziphakamileyo kunye nokusebenzisa itshokolethi

• Funda iziqhelo zokuma ezifanelekileyo kumqolo kwimihla ngemihla

Iziphumo Zexesha Elide ZeBel Fıtığı

IBel fıtığı engalawulwanga kakuhle inokubangela intlungu eqhubekayo yomqolo, ukwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo okungabuyiseki kunye nokuphazamiseka komgangatho wobomi. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukubonana nengcali xa kuvela iimpawu ezithile kwaye ulandele iingcebiso.

Imibuzo Ebuziwa Rhoqo

1. Yintoni i-bel fıtığı kwaye yenziwa njani?

IBel fıtığı yenzeka xa idiski ephakathi kweendawo zomqolo ezisezantsi iqhawuka kwaye umaleko wayo othambileyo ucinezela imithambo-luvo. Idla ngokubangelwa kukuguga, ukuhamba okunamandla okanye ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima.

2. Zeziphi iimpawu ze-bel fıtığı?

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo ziquka intlungu emqolo nasezinyaweni, ukungaphatheki kakuhle okanye ukuluma ezinyaweni, ubunzima ekuhambeni, ubuthathaka ezinyaweni kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo okanye inkunkuma.

3. Ngaba yonke intlungu yomqolo ithetha ukuba kukho i-bel fıtığı?

Hayi. Zininzi ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela intlungu emqolo. Ukuba intlungu yomqolo isasazeka ezinyaweni okanye kukho ukulahleka kokuvakalelwa, amathuba e-bel fıtığı ayanda. Uhlolo oluqinisekileyo lufuna ukubonana nogqirha.

4. Ngaba i-bel fıtığı ingaphila ngokwayo?

Uninzi lweemeko lungaphila ngokwalo kwiiveki ezi-6 ngokuphumla, amayeza kunye nonyango lwezomzimba. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu ziba mbi okanye kukho ukulahleka kolawulo lomchamo/inkunkuma, kufuneka uye kwisibhedlele.

5. Ngaba unyango lwezifo luyimfuneko kwi-bel fıtığı?

Uninzi lwabaguli aludingi utyando. Ukuba intlungu iyalawuleka, akukho kulahleka kwamandla emisipha kwaye akukho monakalo kwimithambo-luvo, amayeza kunye nonyango lwezomzimba zihlala zanele. Utyando luqwalaselwa xa kukho ukulahleka kwamandla, ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo/inkunkuma okanye intlungu enzulu engapheliyo.

6. Kweziphi iimeko kufuneka utyando olukhawulezileyo?

Ukuphuma ngokukhawuleza komchamo okanye inkunkuma, ubuthathaka obukhulu ezinyaweni okanye ukulahleka kwemisebenzi yezesondo zizo iimpawu zongxamiseko kwaye kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

7. Yintoni enokwenziwa ekhaya ukunciphisa intlungu ye-bel fıtığı?

Ukuphumla ixesha elifutshane, ukusetyenziswa kobanda/ubushushu okucetyiswa ngugqirha, imithambo yokuzolula elula kunye nokuma okufanelekileyo kumqolo kunokunceda. Kodwa ukuba intlungu iyanda okanye kukho ukulahleka kwamandla, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha.

8. Zeziphi iindlela zokuzilolonga eziluncedo kwi-bel fıtığı?

Kucetyiswa imithambo yokomeleza izihlunu zesisu kunye nezihlunu zomzimba ngendlela ethambileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umthambo ofanelekileyo uyahluka kumntu ngamnye, kungcono ukubonisana nefiziyotherapisiti okanye ugqirha.

9. Yintoni impembelelo yokutyeba kunye nokutshaya kwi-disc ye-lumbar?

Ubunzima obugqithisileyo bubeka umthwalo owongezelelweyo kumqolo nakwiidiski, ukutshaya nako kungaphazamisa ukutya kweediski. La macandelo mabini onyusa umngcipheko we-disc ye-lumbar; phakathi kwamanyathelo okuthintela, indlela yokuphila enempilo ibalulekile.

10. Yintoni ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukukhusela i-disc ye-lumbar?

Ukwenza umthambo rhoqo, ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni, ukuphatha izinto ezinzima ngendlela efanelekileyo kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya kugcina impilo yomqolo.

11. Ingaphinda i-disc ye-lumbar?

Ewe, ngakumbi ukuba imiba yomngcipheko iyaqhubeka okanye utshintsho olufanelekileyo kwindlela yokuphila alwenziwa. Ukunakekela umsebenzi womzimba kunye nokuma komzimba kunokuthintela ukuphinda kwenzeke.

12. Zeziphi iindlela zokubonisa ezisetyenziswa kwi-disc ye-lumbar?

Eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-MRI; ukongeza, i-x-ray kunye ne-computed tomography zinokufuneka. Isigqibo senziwa ngokuvavanywa kogqirha.

13. Yintoni indima yonyango lomzimba kwi-disc ye-lumbar?

Unyango lomzimba luqinisa izihlunu, luxhase umqolo, lunciphisa iintlungu kwaye lunceda kwinkqubo yokuphilisa. Inkqubo yonyango kufuneka icwangciswe ngokukodwa kumntu ngamnye.

14. Ziziphi iingozi emva kotyando?

Njengazo zonke iinkqubo zotyando, kukho umngcipheko wosulelo, ukopha, kunye nomonakalo wemithambo-luvo. Kodwa ke, kwiindlela ze-micro-surgery, ezi ngozi ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu.

15. Kungenziwa imidlalo xa kukho i-disc ye-lumbar?

Imithambo efanelekileyo kwaye ecetyiswa ngugqirha inokuba luncedo. Nangona kunjalo, endaweni yemidlalo enzima nekhathazayo, kufuneka kukhethwe imisebenzi yomzimba elawulwayo, efanelekileyo emzimbeni.

Imithombo

• Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO) – Impilo ye-Musculoskeletal

• INtlangano yeSizwe yamaGqirha be-Orthopaedic yaseMelika (AAOS) – I-Disc yeLumbar (Disc eShukumisayo)

• Iziko leSizwe lezeMpilo (NIH) – Iphepha leNyaniso leNtlungu ye-Lumbar

• Umbutho waseYurophu weNtlalo yeNeurosurgical Societies (EANS) – Izikhokelo zeLumbar Disc Herniation

• Umbutho waseMelika weNeurosurgical Surgeons (AANS) – I-Disc eShukumisayo