Ukuphathwa yintloko: Izizathu, Iindlela Zokujongana Nazo kunye Nezinto Ezingqwalaselwe
Ukugungqa kwentloko; sisikhalazo esixhaphakileyo esibangela ukuba umntu azive ngathi imeko yakhe iyahamba okanye uyajikeleza, ilahleko yokulinganisela, ukudideka kunye nobunzima ekuphakameni. Le meko inokuvela ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ngoko ke, ukuze unyango lube nefuthe, kubalulekile kuqala ukuchonga ngokucacileyo unobangela ongaphantsi. Kuba ukunyanga iimpawu kuphela akunakuthintela ukuphinda kwengxaki.
Ziziphi Izinto Ezibangela Ukugungqa Kwentloko?
Ukugungqa kwentloko okukhulu okanye okuphindaphindiweyo kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bemihla ngemihla kunye nokhuseleko lomntu. Ukugungqa kwentloko, kuhlala kuvela xa umntu eshukumisa ngokukhawuleza, etshintsha indawo ngesiquphe okanye emva kokuzilolonga okunzima. Rhoqo abantu bayakwazi ukuqonda ukuba ziphi iimeko ezibangela ukugungqa kwentloko; kodwa kwezinye iimeko unobangela wokwenene ungachongwa kuphela ngovavanyo lwezonyango.
Ezona zizathu ziphambili zokugungqa kwentloko zezi:
I-Vertigo
I-Vertigo ibangela ukuba umntu azive ngathi imeko yakhe iyahamba, izinto zijika okanye zigobe. Le meko idla ngokubangelwa kukuchaphazeleka kwezinto ezikwindlebe yangaphakathi ezilawula ukulinganisela.
I-Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): Ivela ngenxa yokuqokelelana kwezinhlayiya ze-calcium carbonate kwiindlela zokulinganisela ezikwindlebe yangaphakathi. Ezi ndlela zithumela ulwazi kwingqondo malunga nendawo yomzimba, kwaye xa kukho ukuvaleka imiqondiso iyaphazamiseka. Ngenxa yoko ingqondo yenza umbono ongachanekanga wendawo.
Isifo sika-Meniere: Esi sifo, esidla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokuqokelelana kolwelo kwindlebe yangaphakathi, sibonakaliswa ziintlungu ze-vertigo ezingalindelekanga, ukungcangcazela kwindlebe kunye nokulahleka kweva.
I-Labyrinthitis: Le meko, edla ngokubonakala emva kosulelo lweentsholongwane kwaye ibonakaliswa kukudumba kwindlebe yangaphakathi, inokuba nobangela wokugungqa kwentloko kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ibangele umonakalo osisigxina wokuphulaphula.
I-Vestibular Neuritis: Kukudumba kwemithambo-luvo ethwala ulwazi ukusuka kwindlebe yangaphakathi ukuya kwingqondo. Iimpawu ziquka i-vertigo enzima eqala ngesiquphe, ilahleko yokulinganisela kunye nokudinwa.
Isifo Sokuhamba (Ukungaphatheki Kakuhle Kwizithuthi)
Ukuphindaphinda kokushukuma okudluliselwa emzimbeni kwizithuthi ezifana nomoya, ibhasi okanye inqanawa; kunokuchaphazela amaziko okulinganisela kubangele ukugungqa kwentloko, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha. Ingakumbi Ukukhulelwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinye iziyobisi kunokunyusa ubuntununtunu bokushukuma. Kubantu abaninzi, iimpawu ziyaphela ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphuma kwisithuthi.
Imigraine
Iimpawu zemigraine, ukongeza intlungu yentloko, zinokubandakanya ukugungqa kwentloko njengengxaki ye-neurological. Ingakumbi ngexesha le-migraine aura, ukugungqa kwentloko, utshintsho kumbono nakuthethweni kunokubonakala. Abantu abane-migraine bahlala beqaphela imiqondiso ethile ebonisa ukuqala kweempawu.
Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphantsi (Hypotension)
Utshintsho lwesikhundla ngesiquphe okanye ukungaseli ulwelo olwaneleyo kunokubangela ukuhla ngokukhawuleza koxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye oku kunokuphumela ekugungqeni kwentloko. Ezinye iziyobisi ezifana ne-diuretics, beta blockers, antidepressants nazo zinokwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kakhulu. Ukongezelela, ukukhulelwa, ilahleko enkulu yegazi, ilahleko yolwelo okanye ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy nako kunokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
Iingxaki Zezintso Zentliziyo
Ukungaqhelekanga komrhythm wentliziyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye ukuvaleka kwemithambo, kunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo kubangele ukugungqa kwentloko. Kule meko, iimpawu ezinjengentlungu esifubeni, ukuphelelwa ngumoya, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okanye ukugcinwa kolwelo nazo zinokubonakala.
Anemia Yokunqongophala Kwe-Iron
Ukwehla kwenqanaba le-iron egazini kunciphisa imveliso ye-hemoglobin kwaye kuphazamisa ukuthuthwa kweoksijini. Ukudinwa, ukuphelelwa ngumoya, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, ukungabi nombala kunye nokugungqa kwentloko zinokubonakala. Unyango lwenziwa ngokutya okufanelekileyo kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, iziyobisi okanye ugqithiso lwegazi.
Iswekile Egazini Ephantsi (Hypoglycemia)
Ukutsiba isidlo, ukusela utywala kakhulu, insulini okanye ezinye iziyobisi zinokubangela ukuhla kweswekile egazini. Ukugungqa kwentloko okubangelwa yi-hypoglycemia kuhlala kuvela ngesiquphe; iimpawu ezinjengendlala, ubuthathaka, nokubila nazo ziyahamba kunye.
Isifo Se-Autoimmune Yendlebe Yangaphakathi
Kuphuhliswa xa inkqubo yokuzikhusela emzimbeni ihlasela ngempazamo amalungu endlebe yangaphakathi. Ukungcangcazela kwindlebe, ukulahleka kweva kunye nokugungqa kwentloko zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo.
Uxinzelelo Lwengqondo kunye Noxhalaba
Ngexesha loxinzelelo oluqhubekayo okanye iimpawu zoxhalaba, iihomoni ezikhutshwe ngumzimba zinokunciphisa imithambo yegazi, zonyuse isantya sentliziyo kwaye oku kunokubangela ukugungqa kwentloko. Ukongezelela, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukubila, ukuxinana kwemisipha, kunye neengxaki zesisu nazo zinokubonakala.
Qaphela Iimpawu Ezingxamisekileyo Ekugungqeni Kwentloko
Kwezinye iimeko ukugungqa kwentloko kunokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu esingaphantsi. Ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo zihamba nokugungqa kwentloko, kufuneka kufunyanwe uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza:
Ukulahleka kombono ngesiquphe okanye ukubona kabini,
Intlungu yentloko enzima,
Ubuthathaka okanye ukungaphatheki kakuhle ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni,
Intlungu esifubeni,
Ukudideka okanye ukulahleka kokuqonda,
Iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu,
Ukugabha okungalawulekiyo.
Ukuqonda Izizathu Zokugungqa Kwentloko: Iziphi Iimeko Ezibangela Oku?
Ngaphantsi kokugungqa kwentloko ngamanye amaxesha kukho izizathu ezilula, ngamanye amaxesha ezinzima ngakumbi kwezonyango. Izifo zindlebe yangaphakathi, i-migraine, uxinzelelo, anemia, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, utshintsho kwinqanaba leswekile egazini, kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-neurological okanye ze-cardiovascular zezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo. Ukongezelela, imiphumo esecaleni yezinye iziyobisi nayo inokubangela ukugungqa kwentloko.
Yintoni Enokwenziwa Ukunciphisa Ukugungqa Kwentloko?
Kulawulo lokugungqa kwentloko, indlela ephambili kukuqonda unobangela ongaphantsi kunye nokusebenzisa unyango olufanelekileyo. Ingakumbi ukuba isikhalazo sinzima okanye siphindaphindiwe, kufuneka kuhlolwe ngugqirha. Ezinye iziluleko onokuzithatha ekhaya zezi:
Yandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ukuze umzimba ungomi.
Shukuma kancinci xa utshintsha indawo.
Jolisa amehlo kwindawo enye kwaye xa kuyimfuneko vala amehlo akho.
Yitya ukutya okulinganiselweyo kwaye uzame ukungaphoswa sisidlo.
Phepha ukusetyenziswa kotyuwa ngokugqithisileyo.
Zama ukunciphisa uxinzelelo.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa iziyobisi ngokwengcebiso yezonyango.
Yintoni Emele Yenziwe Ekugungqeni Kwentloko Okuphindaphindiweyo Kwaye Okungapheliyo?
Ukugungqa kwentloko okuqhubekayo okanye okuphindaphindiweyo ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwengxaki yezonyango enzulu engaphantsi. Izifo zindlebe yangaphakathi, izifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, i-migraine okanye iingxaki ze-metabolism kufuneka ziphandwe kwezi meko zide. Ukuze kufunyanwe isizathu kunye nonyango, kufuneka kufunyanwe uncedo lwezonyango.
Ukugungqa Kwentloko Okubonakala Xa Ulele Okanye Utshintsha Indawo
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ebangela ukugungqa kwentloko xa ulele yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), enxulumene nokushukuma kweekristale zokulinganisela ezindlebe yangaphakathi. Olu hlobo lokugungqa kwentloko luhlala luvuswa kukushukuma kwentloko. Kodwa, izifo ezifana ne-labyrinthitis okanye i-vestibular neuritis, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, anemia, ukungabi namanzi emzimbeni okanye uxinzelelo kunye noxhalaba nazo zinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-migraine okanye izifo ezinzulu ze-neurological kunye nezentliziyo nazo zinokubangela ukugungqa kwentloko xa ulele.
Ukugungqa Kwentloko Kubantwana: Yintoni Emele Iqwalaselwe?
Ukugungqa kwentloko kubantwana; kunokubangelwa zizifo zindlebe yangaphakathi, i-migraine, iindawo zokukhula ngokukhawuleza, iingxaki zokulinganisela kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sisifo se-sinus. Nangona kunqabile, ezinye iimeko ze-neurological nazo zinokubangela esi sikhalazo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela wokugungqa kwentloko kubantwana, kufuneka kuhlolwe ngugqirha.
Kutheni Ukugungqa Kwentloko Kuvela Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa Kwaye Kutheni Kwenziwe Njani?
Utshintsho lwehomoni olwenzeka emzimbeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukwanda kobuninzi begazi okanye iswekile egazini ephantsi kunokubangela ukugungqa kwentloko. Ingakumbi ukwanda kwehomoni ye-progesterone nako kunegalelo. Xa umfazi okhulelweyo efumana ukugungqa kwentloko, ukuphumla, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kolwelo kunye nokuphakama kancinci kunokunceda. Kodwa ukuba ukugungqa kwentloko kuhlala ixesha elide okanye kuhamba nezinye iimpawu, kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nogqirha.
Kufuneka Kuqhagamshelwane Nabaphi Oogqirha?
Kwiimeko zokugungqa kwentloko okungapheliyo, okunzima okanye okungaqondakaliyo unobangela, kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nogqirha weNdlebe, Impumlo, Nolwimi (ENT), i-neurology okanye i-internal medicine. Uphando oluphambili ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa liqela leengcali ezininzi.
Imibuzo Ebuza Ngokuphindaphindiweyo
1. Ziziphi iimpawu ezihamba nokugungqa kwentloko ezifunekayo ukuba ndingxamele ukuya kwigumbi loncedo olungxamisekileyo?
Ukuba ukugungqa kwentloko kuhamba nokulahleka kombono ngesiquphe, intlungu yentloko enzima, ukuthetha okanye ukudideka, ukungaphatheki kakuhle ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni, intlungu esifubeni, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye ukugabha, kufuneka uye kwindawo yezempilo ngokukhawuleza.
2. Ziziphi ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zokujikeleza kwentloko?
Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ziquka izifo zendlebe yangaphakathi (vertigo), utshintsho lwengcinezelo yegazi, i-migraine, ukungabikho kwegazi, uxinzelelo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile.
3. Yintoni enokwenziwa ekhaya ukunciphisa ukujikeleza kwentloko ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuhlala kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, ugcine intloko yakho ingashukumi, ukuba kunokwenzeka uvale amehlo kwaye uphefumle nzulu kunokunceda. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu ziqatha okanye ziphindaphinda, qhagamshelana nengcali.
4. Ziziphi izifo ezibangela ukujikeleza kwentloko?
Izifo zendlebe yangaphakathi, izifo zentliziyo nemithambo yegazi, iingxaki zengqondo, iswekile, ukungabikho kwegazi (anemi), i-migraine, iingxaki zethyroid kunye neengxaki zengqondo zinokuba phantsi kokujikeleza kwentloko.
5. Ucwangciso lonyango lokujikeleza kwentloko lwenziwa njani?
Isiseko sonyango kukuchonga unobangela ophantsi kwaye kwenziwe isicwangciso esihambelana nawo. Xa kuyimfuneko, unyango ngamayeza, unyango lomzimba, ulungiso lokutya okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunokwenziwa.
6. Ingaba ukujikeleza kwentloko kubantwana kuyingozi?
Uninzi lwezizathu zokujikeleza kwentloko kubantwana zilula kwaye zexeshana, kodwa ngakumbi ukuba ziphindaphinda okanye zihamba nezinye iimpawu, kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nogqirha.
7. Ziziphi iindlela eziluncedo ekunciphiseni ukujikeleza kwentloko ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ukongeza ukusetyenziswa kolwelo, ukutya rhoqo kodwa kancinci, ukuhamba kancinci kunye nokuphumla ngokwaneleyo kuyacetyiswa. Ukuba ukujikeleza kwentloko kuqatha okanye kuhlala ixesha elide, kufuneka kuhlolwe ngugqirha.
8. Ziziphi amayeza anokubangela ukujikeleza kwentloko?
Amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi, antidepresan, diuretiki kunye namanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokubangela ukujikeleza kwentloko. Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngamayeza owasebenzisayo, buza kugqirha wakho.
9. Ingaba ukujikeleza kwentloko kunye nokuphaphatheka kuyafana?
Ukujikeleza kwentloko akuhlali kubangela ukuphaphatheka. Kodwa ukuba ukujikeleza kwentloko kuhamba nokudinwa okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa yingqondo okanye ukuwa, kunokubonisa unobangela onzulu, ngoko kucetyiswa uvavanyo lwezonyango olukhawulezileyo.
10. Ingaba kukho umahluko phakathi kokujikeleza kwentloko kunye nevertigo?
Ewe. Ukujikeleza kwentloko kuchaza imvakalelo yokudideka ngokubanzi kunye nokungalingani. Ivertigo yindlela ekhethekileyo yokujikeleza kwentloko apho imvakalelo yokuba indawo okanye umntu ujikeleza igqamile.
11. Ingaba ukujikeleza kwentloko kunokuba ngenxa yezengqondo?
Ewe, uxinzelelo olude nolukhulu okanye i-anxiety kunokubangela ukuba unobangela wokujikeleza kwentloko ube ngowengqondo.
12. Yintoni ekufuneka inikwe ingqwalasela ukunqanda ukujikeleza kwentloko?
Ukusela amanzi ngokwaneleyo, ukutya ngokucwangcisiweyo nangokulinganayo, ukuphepha ukuhambisa intloko ngesiquphe, ukulawula uxinzelelo kunye nokugcina izifo ezosulelayo zilawulwa kuyanceda.
Imithombo
Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO), Vestibular Disorders: https://www.who.int/
Iziko laseMelika loLawulo kunye noThintelo lwezifo (CDC), Ukujikeleza kwentloko kunye neVertigo: https://www.cdc.gov/
American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), Clinical Practice Guideline on Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.
American Heart Association (AHA), Ukujikeleza kwentloko, Vertigo, kunye nokungalingani.
Mayo Clinic, Ukujikeleza kwentloko: Izizathu kunye noThintelo.
Neurology (Ijenali ephicothiweyo), Vertigo and dizziness: practice guideline update.