Intlungu Yeengalo: Izizathu, Uvavanyo kunye Neendlela Zolawulo
Ulwazi Jikelele Malunga neNtlungu Yeengalo
Intlungu yeengalo, sisikhalazo esinokuthi sivele nakweyiphi na indawo ukusuka egxalabeni ukuya emantshontsho eminwe, kwaye idla ngokuba yinto engonwabisiyo enokwenza kube nzima kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Uhlobo lwentlungu lunokuziva lishushu, lubukhali, luxinzelela okanye lube ngathi luyalalisa. Kwezinye iimeko, intlungu inokuvela kwindawo enye kuphela, ngamanye amaxesha inokusasazeka kuyo yonke ingalo. Zombini ingalo yasekunene kunye neyesobunxele zinokuchaphazeleka, nangona kungaqhelekanga ukuba zombini zibe nefuthe ngaxeshanye. Intlungu inokuvela ngexesha lokuhamba okanye ngexesha lokuphumla, kwaye olu tshintsho lunokunceda ekuchongeni unobangela ongaphantsi.
Izizathu Eziqhelekileyo zeNtlungu Yeengalo
Intlungu yeengalo inokuba nezizathu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ukuvaleka kwemithambo-luvo, iingxaki zegxalaba, ukwenzakala kwemisipha-ne-tendon, iingxaki zamalungu, kwanokugula okuthile kwinkqubo yomzimba kunokubangela le meko.
Uxinzelelo lweDiski yeNtamo (Servikal Disk Hernisi): Xa iidiski phakathi kweemfupa zentamo zicinezela umqolo-mgogodla okanye iimpande zemithambo-luvo, intlungu inokusasazeka ukusuka phezulu kwengalo iye emantshontsho eminwe. Ngamanye amaxesha le ntlungu inokuza nokungonwabi phakathi kwentamo kunye nethambo lehlombe, ubuthathaka kwimisipha yengalo okanye ukungcangcazela.
Iingxaki zeGxalaba: Kwiimeko ezifana negxalaba elibandayo, impingement syndrome, okanye i-bursitis, apho kukho ukudumba okanye iingxaki zemishini egxalabeni, intlungu idla ngokusasazeka egxalabeni nasekuphezulu kwengalo, kwaye inokuba mandundu xa kushukunyiswa igxalaba. Kwezi meko, ukuncipha kokuhamba kweengalo kuqhelekile.
Lateral Epikondilit (Isifo Somdlali Wetenisi): Le meko ibonakaliswa yintlungu kwicala langaphandle lehlombe, kwaye idla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokuphindaphinda kweentshukumo zesandla nengalo. Intlungu idla ngokungadluli kwinqanaba lehlombe.
Ukuvaleka kweMithambo-luvo: Kwiimeko ezifana ne-ulnar groove syndrome kunye ne-carpal tunnel syndrome, ukuvaleka kwemithambo-luvo kubangela intlungu yeengalo, edla ngokuhamba nokungcangcazela okanye ukungaphatheki kakuhle emnweni. Kwi-carpal tunnel syndrome, ikakhulu umnwe omkhulu nomnwe ophakathi bachaphazeleka, kanti kwi-ulnar groove syndrome ukungcangcazela kuqala kwihlombe kuye kufike kumnwe wesine nowesihlanu.
Iintlungu Yeengalo Ezihambelana Nentliziyo
Intlungu yeengalo ngamanye amaxesha inokuba luphawu lwezifo zemithambo yentliziyo. Ingakumbi intlungu enzima, eqala ngesiquphe kwaye idla ngokuziva kwicala lesobunxele lengalo, inokuba luphawu lwesifo sentliziyo (myocardial infarction). Kwiintlungu ezivela entliziyweni, intlungu iqala esifubeni isasazeke emqaleni, emqolo naseengalweni. Ukuba kukho nezinye iimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa ngumoya, isicaphucaphu, isiyezi, okanye ukubila okubandayo, kufuneka uvavanyo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, akusoloko intlungu yeengalo ibangelwa sisifo sentliziyo; unobangela ochanekileyo kufuneka uchongwe ngovavanyo oluneenkcukacha kunye novavanyo.
Intlungu Yeengalo Ihluka Njani?
Ubunzima kunye nendlela intlungu yeengalo ezibonakala ngayo kunokwahluka kakhulu. Intlungu ngamanye amaxesha inokuba shushu okanye ibukhali, ngamanye amaxesha ibukhali okanye ibuhlungu. Ngamanye amaxesha isemva kwendawo enye, ngamanye amaxesha isasazekile. Kufuneka kwahlulwe phakathi kwentlungu enyuka xa kushukunyiswa okanye ebonakala ngexesha lokuphumla. Ixesha lentlungu, ukunxulumana kwayo nomsebenzi kunye neempawu ezihamba nayo (umzekelo, ukungcangcazela okanye ukulahleka kwamandla) zinika iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo kugqirha.
Iindlela Zokuchonga Intlungu Yeengalo
Ukuze kufumaneke unobangela wentlungu yeengalo, kuqala kuthathwa imbali eneenkcukacha: Ixesha lokuqala kwentlungu, uhlobo, ixesha, ubunzima kunye neempawu ezihamba nayo zihlolwa. Ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba, kuvavanywa ngokucokisekileyo ukuba kukho intlungu xa kucinezelwa, uluhlu lwentshukumo yamalungu, kunye nemisebenzi yemithambo-luvo nemisipha. Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
IRontgen: Yeyona ndlela iphambili yokubonisa ukwenzakala okanye ukwaphuka kwamathambo ngenxa yengozi.
Imaging yeMagnetic Resonance (MRG): Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ekuvalekeni kwemithambo-luvo, ukwenzakala kwemisipha-ne-tendon, okanye iingxaki zegxalaba nentamo.
Electromyography (EMG): Ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka kokuhanjiswa kwemithambo-luvo, iyanceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezifana ne-carpal tunnel okanye ulnar groove syndrome.
Kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha onolwazi kule ndawo ukuze kufumaneke unobangela ochanekileyo kunye nonyango olusebenzayo.
Ulawulo Lwentlungu Yeengalo kunye Neendlela Zonyango
Unyango lwentlungu yeengalo luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kunobangela ongaphantsi:
Kwiimeko zokwenzakala (ukwaphuka, ukuphuma kwamalungu, ukwenzakala kwemisipha): Ukuphumla kwendawo echaphazelekayo, ukusetyenziswa kweplasta okanye i-ateli, ngamanye amaxesha unyango lufuna utyando.
Iintlungu ezibangelwa yidiski yentamo: Kwiimeko ezilula neziphakathi, kusetyenziswa amayeza achasayo nokuqinisa imisipha kunye nokulandela ngokusondeleyo. Ukuba kukho uxinzelelo olukhulu lwemithambo-luvo okanye intlungu enganyangekiyo, utyando lunokujongwa.
Kwiingxaki zegxalaba namalungu: Ukuqala, kusetyenziswa amayeza achasayo, ukuphumla okwexeshana kunye nonyango lomzimba. Ukuba akukho siphumo kunyango lwamayeza nolomzimba, iinjeksheni ngaphakathi emalungeni okanye utyando lunokujongwa.
Kwiimeko zokuvaleka kwemithambo-luvo (carpal tunnel, ulnar groove syndrome): Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ateli ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, inkxaso ye-vitamin B12 kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango lomzimba (paraffin bath, TENS, ultrasound njl.) zinokunceda. Ukuba kukho ukulahleka okukhulu kwemithambo-luvo, utyando luyacetyiswa.
Kwi-lateral epicondylitis: Ukunciphisa umsebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kwebhanti yehlombe (brace), kunye namayeza achasayo zezona ndlela zonyango zokuqala. Kwiimeko ezingaphenduli kunyango, iinjeksheni ze-steroid okanye utyando lunokucwangciswa.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba kugqitywe ngokuchanekileyo isifo esibangela intlungu yeengalo kwaye unyango lwenziwe ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye. Ukuba unentlungu yeengalo, eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kukubonisana nogqirha endaweni yokuzinyanga okanye ukuzifaka isifo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
1. Kutheni kubakho intlungu yeengalo?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zentlungu yeengalo. Ukwenzakala kwemisipha namalungu, ukuvaleka kwemithambo-luvo, iingxaki zegxalaba, idiski yentamo kunye nezifo zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangela le meko. Ukuba intlungu iqhubeka, inzima okanye iphinda-phinda, kufuneka ubonane nengcali.
2. Ingaba intlungu yeengalo inokuba luphawu lwesifo sentliziyo?
Ingakumbi ukuba intlungu enzima, eqala ngesiquphe kwicala lesobunxele lengalo, isasazeka esifubeni, emqaleni okanye emqolo, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumoya kunye nokubila okubandayo, kufuneka kucingwe ngesifo sentliziyo. Kule meko kufuneka kufunyanwe uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo.
3. Ndimele ndiye kugqirha onjani xa ndinentlungu yeengalo?
Ngenxa yentlungu yeengalo; ungabhekisa kwi-Orthopaedics, Unyango noBuyiselo, iNeurology okanye iingcali zeZifo zeMithambo yentliziyo (Cardiology). Uya kuthunyelwa kwicandelo elifanelekileyo ngokweempawu zakho.
4. Ndingenza ntoni ekhaya xa ndinentlungu yeengalo?
Kwiimeko zokudinwa kwemisipha ezilula, ukuphumla okwexeshana, ukufaka umkhenkce kunye nokusebenzisa amayeza achasayo ngaphandle kwephepha lokuthenga kunokunceda. Kodwa ukuba intlungu inzima, iqhubeka okanye kukho ukungabaza emva kwengozi, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha.
5. Ziziphi iimeko ezixakekileyo kwintlungu yeengalo?
Ukuba intlungu yeengalo ihamba nentlungu esifubeni, ukuphelelwa ngumoya, ukubila okubandayo, isicaphucaphu okanye isiyezi, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Ukulahleka kwamandla ngesiquphe, ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingalo okanye ukuguquka kwemilo emva kwengozi nako kufuna uvavanyo olungxamisekileyo.
6. Ndimele ndenze ntoni ukuba ndinentlungu yeengalo eqhubekayo?
Ukuba intlungu iqhubeka ixesha elide, iyanda xa usebenza okanye ihamba nokulahleka kwemvakalelo/imisipha, okanye ukungcangcazela, kufuneka ubonane nengcali yezempilo ukuze kufumaneke unobangela ochanekileyo kunye nonyango.
7. Ziziphi iindlela zovavanyo ezisetyenziswayo kwintlungu yeengalo?
Emva kovavanyo, idla ngokucetyiswa i-rontgen, MRG, ngamanye amaxesha i-EMG kunye novavanyo lwegazi. Uvavanyo olufunekayo luxhomekeke kunobangela wesikhalazo sakho.
8. Ngaba abantu abaneentlungu yeengalo banokwenza umthambo?
Kuxhomekeke kunobangela wentlungu, imithambo eyahlukeneyo inokucetyiswa okanye ukuphumla ngexesha lentlungu kunokucetyiswa. Nceda ucele iingcebiso ezizodwa kugqirha wakho.
9. Xa intlungu yeengalo inzima, nini kufuneka utyando?
Utyando lujongwa xa unyango lwamayeza nolomzimba lungasebenzi, okanye kukho ukuvaleka okukhulu kwemithambo-luvo okanye ukwaphuka/ukuphuma kwamalungu. Kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso zogqirha kwiplani yonyango.
10. Ngaba intlungu yeengalo isoloko ibonisa ingxaki enzulu?
Nangona idla ngokubangelwa kukudinwa kwemisipha okanye ukwenzakala okuncinci kwamalungu, kwezinye iimeko inokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu. Ingakumbi ukuba kukho iimpawu zomngcipheko ezikhankanywe ngasentla, uvavanyo lwezonyango luyimfuneko.
Imithombo
World Health Organization (WHO): Musculoskeletal conditions
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS): Iintlungu Engalweni
American Heart Association (AHA): Iimpawu Zesilumkiso Zokuhlaselwa Yintliziyo
Mayo Clinic: Iintlungu Engalweni
U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus): Ukonzakala Nokuphazamiseka Kwengalo