Zvaunofanira Kuziva Nezve Migraine: Tsananguro Yayo, Mhando Dzayo, Zviratidzo uye Maitiro Ekutarisira

Migraine Inosiyanisiyanwa Sei Nezvimwe Zvirwere Zvemu Musoro?

Migraine, rudzi rwekurwadziwa kwemusoro runogona kutanga chero nguva muupenyu, kazhinji runodzokororwa uye dzimwe nguva runotora maawa kana mazuva. Inonyanya kukanganisa vanhu vari muchikamu chebasa uye iri pamusoro pezvirwere zvinokonzera kurasikirwa nemabasa pasi rese. Inowanikwa zvakanyanya kuvakadzi kupfuura varume; ongororo dzinoratidza kuti pakati pevakadzi vashanu mumwe ane migraine, asi pakati pevarume makumi maviri mumwe chete ane dambudziko iri. Kunyangwe migraine inogona kutanga panguva yehucheche, inowanzo tanga panguva yechikura uye kuwanda kwayo kunogona kuderera sezera richikwira, kunyanya mushure mekupera kwemwedzi.

Migraine Ine Zviratidzo Zvekurapa Zvakaita Sei?

Migraine isyndrome yehupenyu hwese ine kurwadziwa kwemusoro kunodzokororwa panguva dzakasiyana. Kazhinji, kurwadziwa kunoonekwa panguva yeattack kunogona kunge kuri kudivi rimwe remusoro, kunowanzoita pakati kana kuti kwakanyanya uye kunorira. Zviratidzo zvakaita sekurutsa, kusvotwa, kusagadzikana nechiedza kana ruzha zvinowanzo batana nekurwadziwa uku. Dzimwe nguva varwere vanogona kupfuura nguva vasina kurwadziwa pakati peattack.

Genetics ine basa guru mukuvandudzwa kwe migraine. Vanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri vanowanzova panjodzi yakakwira. Asi, hazvisi genetics chete, asiwo zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinokanganisa kugadzirwa kwechirwere ichi. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti migraine haisi chirwere chinongopihwa nemhuri chete, asi zvese genetics uye zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinokanganisa.

Ndeapi Marudzi Makuru eMigraine?

Migraine, pakurapa, inopatsanurwa muzvikamu zviviri zvikuru:

Migraine Isina Aura: Ndiro rudzi runonyanya kuwanikwa. Kurwadziwa kwemusoro kunotora maawa mana kusvika kumaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri. Kurwadziwa kunowanzoita kudivi rimwe uye kunowedzera kana munhu akaita basa remuviri. Zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana nechiedza kana ruzha zvinogona kubatana neattack.

Migraine Ine Aura: Inosanganisira vanenge gumi kubva muzana vevarwere ve migraine. Zviratidzo zvechinguva zvemaziso (mitsetse yakaita zigzag, kupenya kwechiedza, nzvimbo dzisina kuona), kunzwa sekunge pane chinoruma, kusava nesimba, kudzungaira kana matambudziko ekutaura zvinobuda nguva pfupi vasati vatanga kurwadziwa kwemusoro – kazhinji awa rimwe risati ratanga. Attack dzine aura kana dzisina aura dzinogona kuva nehasha dzakafanana.

Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe marudzi asinga wanikwi kazhinji akadai se chronic migraine (kurwadziwa kwemusoro kwemazuva gumi nemashanu pamwedzi uye mazuva masere ane zviratidzo zve migraine), pamwe nepossible migraine.

Migraine Inokonzerwa Nei? Ndezvipi Zvinotungamira Migraine?

Kunyange zvazvo zvikonzero zve migraine zvisati zvanyatsobuda pachena, zvinofungidzirwa kuti chirwere ichi chinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwekushanda pakati pemitsipa nerurimi rwehuropi. Central nervous system yevanhu vane migraine inonyanya kunzwa kune zvimwe zvinhu uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemukati kana zvekunze zvinogona kutanga attack.

Genetics ine basa mukugadzirwa kwe migraine; kunyanya kune avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri, njodzi yakakwira kupfuura avhareji. Zvakare, kushushikana, kusagadzikana kwehope, kuchinja kwehomoni, kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, zvimwe zvekudya nezvinwiwa, kunhuhwirira kwezvakatipoteredza kana ruzha zvinogona kutungamira attack yega yega.

Unoziva Sei Zviratidzo zveMigraine?

Migraine inowanzoratidza zvikamu zvina zvinotevedzana:

1. Prodrome Period:

Maawa kana zuva risati ratanga attack, zviratidzo zvakaita sekushatirwa, kuchinja kwemanzwiro, kusada kuita zvinhu, kuchinja kwehope kana kudya, uye kusimba mumutsipa zvinogona kubuda.

2. Aura Period:

Kunyange zvazvo isingawanikwi kune wese ane migraine, vamwe vanogona kusangana nezviratidzo zvechinguva zvemaziso, manzwiro kana neurological (semuenzaniso kupenya kwechiedza, nzvimbo dzisina kuona, kunzwa sekunge pane chinoruma, kana matambudziko ekutaura) vasati vatanga kurwadziwa kwemusoro. Zviratidzo zve aura zvinowanzoita isingasviki awa rimwe.

3. Pain (Kurwadziwa kwemusoro) Period:

Kurwadziwa kwemusoro kunowanzoitika kudivi rimwe, kunorira uye kwakanyanya; asi kunogona kubata musoro wese. Kazhinji kunobatana nekusvotwa, kurutsa, kusagadzikana nechiedza, ruzha kana kunhuhwirira. Kurara kana kuzorora munzvimbo yakasviba uye yakanyarara kunonyaradza. Ichi chikamu chinogona kutora maawa kana mazuva akati wandei.

4. Postdrome Period:

Mushure mekudzikama kwekurwadziwa, vanhu vanogona kunzwa kuneta, kudzungaira, kurwadziwa kwemusoro kuri nyore uye matambudziko ekutarisa, zvinotora maawa kana mazuva.

Migraine Inosiyaniswa Sei uye Diagnosis Inoitwa Sei?

Diagnosis ye migraine inowanzobva pazviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa. Zera rekutanga kwemaattack, maitiro ezviratidzo uye zvirwere zvinobatana zvinobvunzwa. Kazhinji hapana chikonzero chekuongorora nemifananidzo kana mayedzo elab, asi kana paine kusahadzika kana kuti panofungidzirwa chimwe chirwere, ongororo dzakadzama dzinogona kuitwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna nyanzvi yezve neurological pakuita diagnosis.

Ndezvipi Zvinotungamira Migraine Attack?

Zvinotungamira zvinogona kusiyana munhu nemunhu asi zvinowanzoitika ndezvi:

• Kusadya kana nzara

• Kusagadzikana kwehope

• Kushushikana

• Kubatwa nechiedza chakapinza, ruzha rukuru kana kunhuhwirira kwakanyanya

• Doro (kunyanya waini tsvuku)

• Chokoreti, nyama dzakagadzirwa, chizi yakavundiswa

• Kuchinja kwehomoni (semuenzaniso: nguva yemwedzi)

• Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kusvibiswa kwemhepo

• Kufema fodya kana kusangana neutsi hwayo

Kuziva uye kudzivirira zvinotungamira izvi kwakakosha mukuderedza kuwanda kwemaattack.

Kudya Kunokanganisa Sei Migraine?

Zvinozivikanwa kuti kune hukama pakati pe migraine attack uye zvimwe zvekudya. Nyama dzakagadzirwa dzine nitrate dzakaita sesoseji, salam, sucuk; chokoreti; chizi dzine tiramine yakawanda; zvinwiwa zvine flavour kana zvinotonhora; uye zvekudya zvakakangwa nezvema mafuta zvinogona kutungamira kurwadziwa kwemusoro. Uyezve, huwandu hwekofi, tii kana doro hunogonawo kukanganisa njodzi yeattack. Saka, zvakakosha kuti munhu azive zvekudya zvinomukanganisa uye atore matanho akakodzera.

Ndezvipi Zvinorapwa Migraine?

Kunyange zvazvo pasati pawanikwa mushonga unopedza migraine zvachose, kune nzira dzakawanda dzinobatsira kuderedza kuwanda uye kuomarara kwemaattack uye kuvandudza hupenyu. Nzira yekurapa inosarudzwa nachiremba zvichienderana nekuwanda kwekushanyira, kuomarara kwemaattack uye zvirwere zvinobatana.

Kurapwa Nemishonga

Mishonga ye migraine inopatsanurwa muzvikamu zviviri zvikuru:

Kurapwa kweattack: Inoshandiswa kuderedza kurwadziwa kwemusoro kunotanga kamwe uye zviratidzo zvinobatana. Mishonga inoderedza kurwadziwa, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, triptans uye mamwe mishonga yakasarudzwa ye migraine inogona kutanga nachiremba.

Kurapwa kwekudzivirira (prophylactic): Inoshandiswa kune vanenge vachiita migraine attack kaviri kana kupfuura pamwedzi, kana attack dzinotora nguva refu kana kukanganisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Beta blockers, antidepressants, antiepileptics, calcium channel blockers uye botulinum toxin type A ndizvo zvimwe zvemishonga inoshandiswa. Kurapwa kunofanira kuitwa nguva dzose uye kwakarongeka.

Mishonga yose inofanira kushandiswa pasi pekutarisirwa nachiremba uye nemadhosi akatarwa. Kana kusvotwa kana kurutsa kwakanyanya, chiremba anogona kukurudzira antiemetic.

Kudzora Pasina Mishonga uye Kuchinja Maitiro Ehupenyu

Kuchinja maitiro ehupenyu kune vanhu vane migraine kunobatsira mukudzivirira attack:

• Kuwana hope dzakanaka uye nguva dzose

• Kudya kwakaringana uye kwakanaka

• Kudzora kushushikana, kushandisa nzira dzekuzorora uye kufema

• Kuita maekisesaizi nguva dzose

• Kuziva zvinotungamira uye kudzivirira pazvinobvira

Zvakare, kune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti magnesium, vitamin B2, coenzyme Q10 zvinogona kubatsira mukudzora migraine. Asi izvi hazvishande kune wese munhu uye zvinofanira kushandiswa chete nachiremba. Paunosarudza zvigadzirwa zvemiti kana zvekubatsira, funga nezve zvimwe zvinokuvadza uye utarise hutano hwechiropa nezvimwe zvitunha.

Chii Chinofanira Kuitwa Kudzivirira Migraine Attack?

Kuderedza maattack, unogona kutevera zvinotevera:

• Dzivisa kusagara wakadya kwenguva refu uye edza kusasvetuka chikafu.

• Chengetedza urongwa hwehope, dzivisa kurara zvakawandisa kana kushoma.

• Tora nguva yekuzorora, yoga kana maekisesaizi ekufema kuti udzivise kushushikana.

• Kana zvichibvira, dzivai zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kubva kunze zvakaita sekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, mhepo ine simba, kunhuhwirira kunokanganisa kana chiedza chakanyanya.

• Nyora pasi zvekudya zvaunofungidzira kuti zvinokonzera dambudziko uye ugadzire runyorwa rwako rwevanokonzera.

• Deredza kushandiswa kwedoro ne fodya uye edza kudzivirira utsi hwefodya.

Kubata Migraine uye Kukosha kweRubatsiro rweNyanzvi

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kana migraine isina kurapwa kana kusatariswa nemazvo, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kunaka kweupenyu. Kana zviratidzo zvako zvikawedzera kana kukutadzisa kuita mabasa ako emazuva ose, zvakanakisisa kubvunza nyanzvi yezvehuropi. Nekuongororwa kwenyanzvi, unogona kubatsirwa nemishonga yakanyatsokodzera migraine uye mazano akakodzera mamiriro ako.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

1. Migraine inorapika here?

Kunyange zvazvo migraine isiri chirwere chinogona kubviswa zvachose, nekurapwa kwakakodzera uye kuchinja maitiro ehupenyu, kuwanda uye kusimba kwekurwadziwa kunogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya. Vazhinji vevarwere vanogona kunzwa kusununguka nemazano enyanzvi.

2. Migraine ine chekuita here nekenza yehuropi?

Aiwa, migraine inowanzokonzerwa nekenza yehuropi. Asi kana kurwadziwa kwehuropi kwachinja kamwe kamwe, kwava nesimba, kana kune zviratidzo zvitsva zvehuropi kana zvimwe zvichemo, zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba.

3. Migraine ine aura inokuvadza kupfuura isina aura here?

Migraine ine aura haina kujairika kukuvadza kupfuura isina aura. Zvisinei, panguva ye aura, dzimwe nguva panogona kuitika kurasikirwa kwekuchiona kwechinguva kana kukanganiswa kwekutaura. Kutevedzwa nachiremba kwakakosha.

4. Migraine inogona kuitika kuvana here?

Hongu, migraine inogona kutanga uchiri mudiki. Asi zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana uye zvinogona kunetsa kuona migraine kuvana. Kana paine fungidziro yemigraine kuvana, nyanzvi inofanira kuongorora.

5. Chii chinokonzeresa migraine?

Kushushikana, kusarara zvakanaka, kusadya nguva, zvimwe zvekudya nezvinwiwa, kuchinja kwehomoni, chiedza chakanyanya, kunhuhwirira kana ruzha rwekunze, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze ndizvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa sekonzeresa migraine.

6. Ndezvipi zvekudya zvinofanira kudzivirirwa nemigraine?

Zvigadzirwa zvemhuka zvakagadzirwa, chizi yakavundiswa, chokoreti, dzimwe mhando dzedoro, zvekudya zvine mafuta kana zvakabikwa zvakanyanya, uye zvekudya zvine nitrati kana tiramini yakawanda zvinokurudzirwa kudzivirirwa.

7. Migraine ine kukuvara kusingaperi here?

Migraine haiti kukuvara kwakanyanya kwenguva refu kumuviri; asi kana isina kurapwa, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kunaka kweupenyu.

8. Ndinofanira kuramba ndichishandisa mishonga yangu nguva dzose here?

Unofanira kushandisa mishonga yakapiwa nachiremba wako, pamwero uye kwenguva yakatarwa. Dzivisa kuchinja kamwe kamwe uye usambomira mishonga usina kubvunza chiremba wako.

9. Zvigadzirwa zvekubatsira zvinobatsira migraine here?

Kune humbowo hunoratidza kuti magnesium, vitamin B2, uye coenzyme Q10 zvinogona kubatsira, asi zvinofanira kushandiswa chete mushure mekubvunza chiremba wako.

10. Ndinofanira kuenda kunachiremba rini?

Kana kurwadziwa kwehuropi kwachinja kamwe kamwe uye kwava nesimba, kurasikirwa nepfungwa, kurutsa, kuona kaviri, kunetseka kufamba kana kusagadzikana kwekufamba, unofanira kuenda kunzvimbo yezvehutano.

11. Kurovedza muviri kunobatsira migraine here?

Kurovedza muviri zvishoma nguva dzose kunobatsira hutano hwese uye kunogona kubatsira kudzora migraine. Asi kurovedza muviri kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera migraine, saka gadzira chirongwa chekurovedza uchibvunza chiremba wako.

Zvinyorwa

• Sangano reUtano Pasi Pose (WHO) — Zvirwere zvekurwadziwa kwehuropi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

• Sangano reInternational Headache Society (IHS) — International Classification of Headache Disorders

• American Migraine Foundation — Migraine Overview

• American Academy of Neurology — Migraine Guidelines

• Silberstein SD, nevamwe. "Migraine prevention." The Lancet, 2017.

• The Global Burden of Disease Study, The Lancet, 2017.