Ubuhlungu Bengalo: Izimbangela, Ukuhlolwa Nokuphathwa Kwezinketho
Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo Ngobuhlungu Besandla
Ubulungu besandla, obungavela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yesandla kusukela ehlombe kuya emaphethelweni ezithupha, ngokuvamile buyacasula futhi bungaphazamisa umuntu empilweni yansuku zonke. Uhlobo lobuhlungu lungazwakala njengokushisa, ukubhoboza, ukucindezela noma ukuluma. Kwezinye izimo, ubuhlungu buvela endaweni eyodwa kuphela, kwesinye isikhathi bungasabalala kuso sonke isandla. Kungabonakala ubuhlungu kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele, kanti kwezinye izikhathi bungavela kuzo zombili izandla. Ubuhlungu bungavela ngesikhathi sokunyakaza noma ngesikhathi sokuphumula, futhi le mehluko ingasiza ekutholeni imbangela yaphansi.
Izimbangela Ezivamile Zobuhlungu Besandla
Ubuhlungu besandla bungaba nezimbangela eziningi ezahlukene. Ukucindezeleka kwemithambo, izinkinga zehlombe, ukulimala kwamathambo namathenda, izinkinga zamalunga, ngisho nezifo ezithile zomzimba kungaholela kulesi simo.
Ukuphuma Kwediski Entanyeni (Servikal Disk Hernisi): Uma amadiski aphakathi kwamathambo entanyeni ecindezela umgogodla noma imithambo, ubuhlungu bungazwakala kusukela phezulu kwesandla kuye ezithupheni. Kwezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu buhambisana nokungakhululeki phakathi kwentamo nomhlane, buthakathaka kwemisipha yesandla noma ukuluma.
Izinkinga Zehlombe: Ezimweni ezifana nehlombe elibandayo, impingement syndrome, noma i-bursitis, ubuhlungu ngokuvamile busabalala ehlombe nasengxenyeni ephezulu yesandla, futhi bungaba bukhulu uma uhlombe linyakaziswa. Kulezi zimo, ukuvinjelwa kokunyakaza kuvamile.
Lateral Epicondylitis (Ihlombe Lomdlali Wetennis): Lesi simo sivela ngokuvamile nobuhlungu engxenyeni yangaphandle yomkhono, sivame ukuhlobana nokuphindaphinda kokunyakaza kwesandla nomkhono. Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile abudluli izinga lomkhono.
Ukucindezeleka Kwemithambo: Kwezinye izimo ezifana ne-ulnar groove syndrome noma i-carpal tunnel syndrome, ukucindezeleka kwemithambo kuholela ebuhlungwini besandla, ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokuluma noma ukuzwa ukuxhawula ezithupheni. Ku-carpal tunnel syndrome, ikakhulukazi isithupha nesithupha esiphakathi kuthinteka, kanti ku-ulnar groove syndrome ukuluma kuqala emkhonweni kuya esandleni sesithupha nesincane.
Ubuhlungu Besandla Obuhlobene Nenhliziyo
Ubuhlungu besandla kwesinye isikhathi bungaba uphawu lwezifo zemithambo yenhliziyo. Ikakhulukazi uma ubuhlungu buqala ngokuzumayo, bunamandla futhi buvame ukuba kwesobunxele, kungaba uphawu lwesifo senhliziyo (myocardial infarction). Kubuhlungu obuhlobene nenhliziyo, kuba nobuhlungu obuqala esifubeni, busabalale emhlathini, emhlane noma esandleni. Uma kunezimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, isicanucanu, isiyezi noma ukuphalaza okubandayo, kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Kodwa akubona bonke ubuhlungu besandla obubangelwa inhliziyo; ukuhlolwa okujulile nokuhlolwa kudingeka ukuthola imbangela eqondile.
Ubuhlungu Besandla Buhlukana Kanjani?
Ubuhlungu besandla bungahluka kakhulu ngobukhulu nangendlela. Kwezinye izikhathi buzwakala bushisa noma bubhoboza, kwesinye isikhathi buzwakala bubukhali noma buhlungu kancane. Kwezinye izikhathi buhlala endaweni eyodwa, kwesinye isikhathi busabalala. Kumele kuhlukaniswe phakathi kobuhlungu obukhula uma unyakaza, noma obuba bukhulu ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Isikhathi sobuhlungu, ukuhlobana kwaso nomsebenzi nezimpawu ezihambisana nakho (njengokuluma noma buthakathaka) kunikeza udokotela imikhondo ebalulekile.
Izindlela Zokuthola Imbangela Yobuhlungu Besandla
Ukuze kutholakale imbangela yobuhlungu besandla, kuqala kuthathwa umlando ophelele: isikhathi sokuqala kobuhlungu, uhlobo, isikhathi, ubukhulu nezimpawu ezihambisana nakho kuyahlolwa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, kubhekwa ukuthi kukhona yini ubuhlungu, ukuhamba kwamalunga, ukusebenza kwemithambo nemisipha. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungahlelwa kanje:
Iröntgen: Kuyindlela yokuqala yokuthola izicubu ezilimele noma ukuqhekeka kwamathambo ngenxa yokulimala.
Imaging ye-Magnetic Resonance (MRG): Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekucindezelekeni kwemithambo, ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile namathenda noma izinkinga zehlombe nentamo.
Electromyography (EMG): Uma kunokuphazamiseka kokudlulisela kwemithambo, isiza ekutholeni izimo ezifana ne-carpal tunnel noma ulnar groove syndrome.
Ukuze kutholwe imbangela eqondile nokwelashwa okusebenzayo, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela onolwazi kule ndawo.
Ukuphathwa Nokwelashwa Kwezinketho Zobuhlungu Besandla
Ukwelashwa kobuhlungu besandla kuya ngemvelaphi yaso:
Ekulimaleni okukhulu (ukuqhekeka, ukuphuma, ukulimala kwemisipha): Ukuphumula kwengxenye ethintekile, ukufakwa kweplasta noma i-athel, kwezinye izikhathi kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.
Ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuphuma kwediski entanyeni: Ezimweni ezilula noma eziphakathi nendawo, kuvamile ukwelashwa ngemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nemithi yokuthambisa imisipha nokulandela eduze. Uma kunokucindezeleka okukhulu kwemithambo noma ubuhlungu obungapheli, kungacatshangwa ukuhlinzwa.
Ezinkingeni zehlombe namalunga: Ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu, kuqala kunconywa imithi, uma kudingeka ukuphumula isikhashana nokwelashwa kwemisipha. Uma imithi nokwelashwa kwemisipha kungasizi, kungacatshangwa ukugqunywa kwemithi ngaphakathi emalungeni noma ukuhlinzwa.
Ekucindezelekeni kwemithambo (carpal tunnel, ulnar groove syndrome): Ukusebenzisa i-athel enciphisa ukucindezeleka endaweni, ukwesekwa kwevithamini B12 kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ezifanele (paraffin bath, TENS, ultrasound njll.) kungasiza. Uma sekukhona ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemithambo, kungacatshangwa ukuhlinzwa.
Ku-lateral epicondylitis: Ukunciphisa imisebenzi, ukusebenzisa ibhande lomkhono, imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu kuyizindlela zokuqala zokwelapha. Ezimweni ezingaphenduli ekwelashweni, kungacatshangwa ukugqunywa kwe-steroid endaweni noma ukuhlinzwa.
Okubalulekile ukuthi imbangela yobuhlungu besandla itholakale kahle futhi indlela yokwelapha ilungiswe ngomuntu ngamunye. Uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu besandla, kunconywa ukuthi ungazizami ukuzelapha noma ukuzibekela isifo, kodwa uxhumane nodokotela ofanele.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Yini ebangela ubuhlungu besandla?
Ubuhlungu besandla bungaba nezimbangela eziningi. Ukulimala kwemisipha namalunga, ukucindezeleka kwemithambo, izinkinga zehlombe, ukuphuma kwediski entanyeni kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo ezingavamile kungaholela kulesi simo. Uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka, bunamandla noma buvame ukuphindaphinda, kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe.
2. Ubuhlungu besandla bungaba uphawu lwesifo senhliziyo?
Ikakhulukazi uma ubuhlungu bunamandla, buqala ngokuzumayo futhi busabalala esifubeni, emhlathini noma emhlane, buhambisana nokuphelelwa umoya nokuphalaza okubandayo, kufanele kucatshangwe isifo senhliziyo. Kulesi simo, kudingeka usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
3. Kumele ngiye kuziphi izazi uma nginebuhlungu besandla?
Ngenxa yobuhlungu besandla; ungathintana nochwepheshe be-Orthopaedics, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Neurology noma izifo zemithambo yenhliziyo (Cardiology). Uzodluliselwa emkhakheni ofanele ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho.
4. Ngingenzenjani ekhaya uma nginebuhlungu besandla?
Ekulimazeni okuncane kwemisipha, ukuphumula isikhashana, ukufaka okokubanda nokusebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu engadingi resiphi kungasiza. Kodwa uma ubuhlungu bunamandla, buqhubeka noma buvela ngemva kokulimala, kufanele uthintane nodokotela.
5. Yiziphi izimo eziphuthumayo ngobuhlungu besandla?
Uma ubuhlungu besandla buhambisana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukuphalaza okubandayo, isicanucanu noma isiyezi, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Ukulahlekelwa amandla ngokuzumayo, ukungakwazi ukuhambisa isandla noma ukuguquka kwesimo sesandla ngemva kokulimala nakho kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.
6. Kumele ngenzenjani uma ngihlushwa ubuhlungu besandla obungapheli?
Uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka isikhathi eside, bukhula uma wenza umthambo noma buhambisana nokulahlekelwa imizwa/nemisipha noma ukuluma, kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze kutholakale imbangela nokwelashwa okufanele.
7. Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwa ngobuhlungu besandla?
Ekutholeni imbangela, ngokuvamile emva kokuhlolwa, kucelwa iröntgen, MRG, kwezinye izikhathi i-EMG kanye nezivivinyo zegazi. Uhlobo lokuhlolwa oludingekayo luncike embangweni wesikhalo sakho.
8. Abantu abane-buhlungu besandla bangazivocavoca?
Kuya ngemvelaphi yobuhlungu, kunganconywa izivivinyo ezahlukene noma ukuphumula ngesikhathi sobuhlungu. Ukuze uthole izeluleko ezenzelwe wena, xhumana nodokotela wakho.
9. Nini kudingeka ukuhlinzwa uma ubuhlungu besandla bunamandla?
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukucatshangwa uma imithi nokwelashwa kwemisipha kungasizi, noma uma kunokucindezeleka okukhulu kwemithambo noma ukuqhekeka/ukuphuma. Kubalulekile ukulandela izeluleko zikadokotela ekwenzeni uhlelo lokwelashwa.
10. Ingabe ubuhlungu besandla buhlala bubonisa inkinga enkulu?
Ngokuvamile bubangelwa ukugoba kwemisipha noma ukulimala okuncane kwamalunga, kodwa kwezinye izimo kungaba uphawu lwesifo esinzima. Ikakhulukazi uma kunezimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.
Imithombo
World Health Organization (WHO): Musculoskeletal conditions
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS): Ubuhlungu Bengalo
American Heart Association (AHA): Izimpawu Zexwayiso Zokuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo
Mayo Clinic: Ubuhlungu Bengalo
U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus): Ukulimala Nokuphazamiseka Kwezingalo