Ubuhlobo Bobulili Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa: Iinyani Ezaziwayo Nezinto Ezingqwalaselwayo

Ulwazi Jikelele Malunga noBomi Besondo ngexesha Lokukhulelwa

Ixesha lokukhulelwa, lixesha elikhethekileyo ebomini bomfazi elibangela utshintsho olukhulu emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Kule nkqubo, oomama abakhulelweyo banokubonisa ukuthanda ukuphepha ubudlelwane besondo ngenxa yokoyika ukwenzakalisa umntwana. Kodwa ke, kwiimeko zokukhulelwa eziphilileyo nezingenangxaki, kuhlala kukhuselekile ukuqhubeka nobomi besondo kude kube kwiiveki ezine zokugqibela. Ubudlelwane besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa yinxalenye yendalo yobomi, kwaye ngokwasemzimbeni, buninzi abafazi abaqhubeka nalo. Ukukhulelwa kubangela utshintsho emzimbeni, kwaye neziphumo zengqondo zinokubangela ukungazinzi komnqweno wesondo.

Umnqweno Wesondo kunye noTshintsho ngexesha Lokukhulelwa

Ukuqala kokukhulelwa, iimvakalelo zokukhusela kunye nomnqweno wokuba ngumama ziba namandla, ngakumbi kwabo balindele umntwana wabo wokuqala, nto leyo enokunciphisa umnqweno wesondo. Ngokuchasene nenkolelo eqhelekileyo, akukho bungqina besayensi bokuba ubudlelwane besondo obuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa bunefuthe elibi kumntwana. Njengoko umzimba uqhelana nokukhulelwa, ngakumbi kwikota yesibini, umnqweno wesondo kunye nesidingo sokusondelana kunganda.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko isibeleko sikhula kwiinyanga zokugqibela, iindlela zokwenza uthando zinokuba nzima kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kungabakho ukungonwabi. Kwiinyanga zokugqibela zokukhulelwa, umnqweno wokusondelana unokuphinda unciphise.

Yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwiiveki zokugqibela?

Kude kube kwiiveki ezine zokugqibela zokukhulelwa, ukuba akukho ngxaki yezonyango, kunokuqhubeka nobomi besondo. Kodwa ke, kufutshane nomhla wokubeleka, kucingelwa ukuba ezinye izinto ezikwisidoda (ngakumbi iiprostaglandin) zinokubangela ukuqalisa kokuncipha kwesibeleko nokukhuthaza ukuzalwa komntwana. Ngenxa yoko, ubudlelwane besondo kwiiveki ezine zokugqibela abuqhelekanga ukucetyiswa.

Kufuneka kuphephe nini ubudlelwane besondo?

Kwiimeko ezithile zokukhulelwa okanye kwezinye iingxaki zonyango, kubalulekile ukuphepha ubudlelwane besondo. Kwezi meko zilandelayo, ukusondelana akucetyiswa:

• Ukuba kukho imbali yokuphinda-phinda kokuphuma komntwana okanye ukuzalwa kwangethuba, ukusondelana kunokulinganiselwa kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbini.

• Kwixesha naliphi na lokukhulelwa, ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuphuma komntwana, ukusongela ukuzalwa kwangethuba okanye ukopha kwesitho sangasese, ubudlelwane besondo abuqhelekanga ukucetyiswa; lo mthetho kufuneka uqhubeke de kugunyaziswe ngugqirha.

• Ukuba kukho usulelo olufunyenwe kumama okanye kubawo oludluliswayo ngesondo, kufuneka kuphepheke ubudlelwane de kunyange ngokupheleleyo.

• Kwiimeko ezifana neplacenta previa, apho i-placenta ivimba indlela yokuzalwa kwaye umngcipheko wokopha uphezulu, ubudlelwane besondo bunokuba yingozi.

Ukubaluleka kweMpilo yesondo kunye noKhuseleko

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubalulekile ukukhusela usulelo oludluliswayo ngesondo. Ubudlelwane obungakhuselekanga bonyusa umngcipheko wezifo ezininzi ezinjenge-HIV (AIDS) kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezi zifo zinokuba sisoyikiso esikhulu kwimpilo yomama nomntwana. Kuba kunzima ukuthintela izifo xa sele zibonakalile, ukhuseleko kunye nokuziphatha okukhuselekileyo kubalulekile nangexesha lokukhulelwa.

Izinto Zengqondo kunye noXhaso loMqabane

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umfazi ujongana notshintsho oluninzi emzimbeni nasezimvakalweni. Ukongezelela kwiingxaki zomzimba ezifana nokugabha, ukugabha rhoqo, kunokubakho uxinzelelo, uloyiko, ukungaqiniseki, utshintsho kubudlelwane boluntu kunye nemvakalelo ezinzulu. Zonke ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela ubomi besondo.

Izizathu eziphambili zokuba oomama abakhulelweyo baphephe ubudlelwane besondo ziquka iimvakalelo zokukhusela, ubunzima bokuzivumelanisa notshintsho lomzimba, kunye nokuxhalaba kwengqondo. Umqolo onokuqonda nowuxhasayo ngeli xesha unokwenza umfazi azive ekhuselekile kwaye akwazi ukudlula ngempilo kwixesha lokukhulelwa. Akufanele kufakwe uxinzelelo kumfazi ukuba angene kubudlelwane angabufuniyo.

Impembelelo yoBomi Besondo kuMgangatho woBomi ngexesha Lokukhulelwa

Ubomi besondo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomgangatho wobomi bomntu. Utshintsho lomzimba oluhlobene nokukhulelwa, utshintsho kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nobudlelwane bosapho lunokubangela iimfuno ezahlukeneyo kweli candelo. Uphando lubonise ukuba abafazi abaninzi badibana neengxaki zobomi besondo ubuncinane kube kanye ebomini babo, kwaye eli nani linyuka ngakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngokophando oluthile, uninzi lwabafazi abakhulelweyo (umzekelo ukuya kuma-80%) banokuchaphazeleka kakubi kubomi besondo.

Ubume bobudlelwane kunye nomgangatho wonxibelelwano ngaphambi kokukhulelwa nako kunokuchaphazela ngqo ubomi besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ubomi besondo emva kokukhulelwa buquka ukuziqhelanisa notshintsho kunye nenkqubo yokufumana izisombululo kunye. Ukuxhalaba okunjengokuthi "Ndingakhulelwa na?" ngaphambi kokukhulelwa nako kunokuchaphazela ukwaneliseka kobudlelwane kunye nenkqubo. Kule meko, ukufumana uncedo lwezonyango kunye nokwakha unxibelelwano olusempilweni kunye nobudlelwane obuxhasayo kubalulekile.

Imibuzo eBuzwa Rhoqo

1. Ngaba ubudlelwane besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa bunokulimaza umntwana?

Kwimeko yokukhulelwa okuphila kakuhle nokuhamba kakuhle, akukho bungqina bokuba ubudlelwane besondo bunokulimaza umntwana ngqo. Kodwa ukuba kukho ukopha kwesitho sangasese, ukusongela ukuzalwa kwangethuba okanye eminye imingcipheko, kufuneka kuphepheke ubudlelwane besondo.

2. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe nobudlelwane besondo kangangoko efunayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Kude kube kwiiveki ezine zokugqibela zokukhulelwa, ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, ubomi besondo kuqwalaselwa njengokhuselekileyo. Kwiiveki zokugqibela ezine okanye kwiimeko apho ugqirha elumkisa ngomngcipheko, kufuneka kuphepheke ubudlelwane besondo.

3. Ngaba umnqweno wesondo uyancipha ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Kwabanye abafazi, kuxelwa ukuba umnqweno wesondo uyancipha kwiinyanga zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Njengoko umzimba uqhelana notshintsho, umnqweno wesondo unokwanda.

4. Ngaba umntwana unokufumana umonakalo womzimba ngexesha lobudlelwane besondo?

Umntwana wakho ukhuselekile ngaphakathi kwesibeleko ngenxa yolwelo lwe-amniyon kunye namathambo esibeleko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubudlelwane besondo abuchaphazeli olu khuseleko.

5. Ngaba ubudlelwane besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa bonyusa umngcipheko wokuphuma komntwana?

Ngokweziphumo zophando, ubudlelwane besondo kwiimeko zokukhulelwa eziphilileyo nezingenamngcipheko wokuphuma komntwana abubangeli ukuphuma komntwana. Kodwa ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuphuma komntwana okanye ukusongela ukuzalwa kwangethuba, kufuneka kuphumelelwe ubudlelwane besondo.

6. Kweziphi iimeko ubudlelwane besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa abuqhelekanga ukucetyiswa?

Kwiimeko zomngcipheko wokuphuma komntwana, ukusongela ukuzalwa kwangethuba, usulelo oludluliswayo ngesondo kumama okanye kubawo, ukopha kwesitho sangasese kunye neplacenta previa, kufuneka kuphumelelwe ubudlelwane besondo ngokweengcebiso zikaGqirha.

7. Ngaba kukho umngcipheko wezifo ngenxa yobudlelwane obungakhuselekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ewe, ubudlelwane besondo obungakhuselekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa bunokubangela izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (umzekelo HIV, sifilis, chlamydia njl.). Ukuze ukhuseleke kwizifo, kubalulekile ukuziphatha kakuhle ngokwesondo.

8. Ngaba kuqhelekile ukuba kubekho iintlungu ngexesha lobudlelwane besondo?

Kwiinyanga eziphambili zokukhulelwa, njengoko isibeleko sikhula, ezinye iindlela zinokubangela iintlungu. Ukuba iintlungu okanye ukungonwabi kuqhubeka, kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha.

9. Kutheni kubalulekile inkxaso yomlingane?

Utshintsho lomzimba kunye neemvakalelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa lwenza umfazi afune umqolo onokuqonda nowuxhasayo ukuze azive ekhuselekile. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lunokuchaphazela kakubi ubomi besondo kunye nomgangatho wobudlelwane.

10. Zichaphazela njani iingxaki zengqondo ubomi besondo?

Uxinzelelo, uloyiko, kunye nobunzima bokujongana notshintsho lomzimba zinokunciphisa umnqweno wesondo. Unxibelelwano oluxhasayo, ukubonisana okanye uncedo lochwephesha kunokunceda.

11. Ngaba ubomi besondo buyabuya buqheleke emva kotshintsho olwenziwe kukukhulelwa?

Uninzi lwabafazi kunye nezibini, ukuba akukho ngxaki yezempilo emva kokubeleka, banokubuyela kubomi besondo. Ngokweengcebiso zikaGqirha, kunokuqhubeka nobomi besondo ngokukhuselekileyo.

12. Ngaba amava obomi besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa afana kubo bonke abafazi?

Amava omfazi ngamnye ahlukile. Umnqweno wesondo, indlela yokusondelana, utshintsho lomzimba, imeko yengqondo kunye nobudlelwane nomlingane zonke zenza umahluko kweli xesha.

13. Ngaba kufuneka kufunyanwe inkxaso yetyherapi yesondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ukuba kukho ubunzima obuqhubekayo kubomi besondo, izibini zinokufuna uncedo lochwephesha kugqirha wezempilo yabasetyhini okanye ityherapisti yesondo.

Imithombo

• Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO): "Impilo yesondo kunye nokuvelisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokubeleka"

• IKholeji yaseMelika yabaGqirha bezeMfazi kunye neGinikoloji (ACOG): "Ubuhlobo besondo kunye noBomi besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa"

• Mayo Clinic: “Ubudlelwane besondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Yintoni evumelekileyo kwaye yintoni engavumelekanga?”

• CDC (Iziko loLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo): “Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo kunye nokukhulelwa”

• Iimagazini ezihloniphekileyo ezijongwe ngamagosa kunye neengcebiso ngokubanzi ezivela kwiikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe zonyango lwezonyango