Kunzwika Kwezeve Kusina Chikonzero (Tinnitus): Chii, Chinokonzerwa Nei uye Chii Chinofanira Kuitwa?
Chii chinonzi Kunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve?
Kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve kana kuti tinnitus, sekureva kwechiremba, chiratidzo chinowanzoitika apo munhu anonzwa ruzha mu nzeve kana mumusoro pasina chikonzero chekunze. Ruzha urwu runogona kuva rwuchingorira, rwuchingovhunduka, rwuchingovhiringidza, rwuchingofuridza, Kurova kweMwoyo, kana kuti ruzha rwekuvhunduka. Ruzha urwu harunzwikwi nevamwe vanhu vari kunze, asi runogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya hutano hwemunhu.
Tinnitus inowanzoitika kune vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mana, kunyanya vakwegura; asi inogona kubata vanhu vemazera ese uye inogonawo kuwanikwa kuvana. Zvichingodaro, munhu wese anogona kungonzwa kunzwika kwe mumhanzi kwechinguva, asi kana zvava kugara zvichiitika zvinoda kutariswa.
Kunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve Kunonzwiwa Sei?
Tinnitus inowanzozwiwa kune nzeve imwe chete (kurudyi kana kuruboshwe) kana kuti munzeve mbiri. Dzimwe nguva ruzha runonzwiwa mumusoro. Munhu anogona kutsanangura ruzha urwu sekunge kuri kurira, sekunge kuri kurira kwebhero, ruzha rwemuchina kana sekurova kwemwoyo. Simba nerudzi rweruzha runosiyana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumumwe; kune vamwe runenge rwakadzikama uye runopfuura, kune vamwe runenge rwuchingoramba rwuchirwadza.
Kunzwika kwe mumhanzi kwakanyanya kunogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye kushanda zvakanaka, uye mune mamwe mamiriro kunogona kukonzera kushushikana, kusagadzikana uye matambudziko ekurara. Kunyanya usiku uye pakunyarara, kunzwika kunowedzera.
Ndezvipi Zvikonzero Zvikuru zveKunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve?
Tinnitus inogona kukonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana. Zvikonzero zvinowanzoitika ndezvi:
Kurasikirwa nekunzwa: Kunyanya kunowanikwa nekukwegura kana kukuvara kunokonzerwa neruzha rukuru.
Kugara munzvimbo dzine ruzha rukuru kwenguva refu: Ruzha rweindasitiri, makonsati, michina mikuru, kana pfuti zvinogona kukuvadza masero ari munzeve.
Utachiona hwenzeve: Kuzvimba kwepakati penzeve, kuungana kwemvura munzeve kana kukuvara kwechidzitiro chenzeve zvinogona kukonzera kunzwika.
Waxi yenzeve (bushoni): Kuungana kwewaxi yakawandisa kunogona kuvhara nzeve uye kukonzera tinnitus kwechinguva.
Zvirwere zvehurongwa hwekuyerera kweropa: Kunyanya kunzwika kunoenderana nekurova kwemwoyo (‘pulsatile tinnitus’), zvinogona kuonekwa pakuvharika kwemidzi yeropa, aneurysm kana BP yakakwira.
Kukuvara kwemusoro, mutsipa uye dambudziko remabvi enzeve: Kunyanya kunowanikwa nezvirwere zve temporomandibular joint.
Kushandiswa kwemimwe mishonga (ototoxic drugs): Mishonga yakaita se aspirin yakawanda, mamwe maantibiotic, diuretics, mishonga yekurapa cancer inogona kukuvadza tsinga dzekunzwa.
Matambudziko e metabolism uye neurological: Chirwere cheshuga, thyroid, anemia, meniere syndrome, mamwe matambudziko etsinga uye zvepfungwa zvinowedzera njodzi.
Kushushikana uye kunetseka: Hazvikonzeri tinnitus zvoga, asi zvinogona kuwedzera kunzwika uye kuita kuti zvinyanye kuoma kutsungirira.
Kazhinji, matambudziko akaita semaronda kana kusarongeka kwemidzi yeropa zvinogona kukonzera tinnitus.
Ndezvipi Zvimiro zveTinnitus?
Kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve kunopatsanurwa zvinoenderana nechikonzero uye nerudzi rweruzha runonzwiwa nemurwere:
Subjective Tinnitus: Ndiwo unonyanya kuwanikwa. Unonzwiwa nemurwere oga. Kazhinji unobva pamutambudziko wehurongwa hwekunzwa.
Objective Tinnitus: Unonzwiwa nemurwere uye anenge achiongorora achishandisa michina yakakosha. Unowanikwa zvishoma uye kazhinji unobva pamidzi yeropa kana tsandanyama (semuenzaniso, kusarongeka kwemidzi yeropa pedyo nenzeve).
Maererano nehunhu hwechichemo, kunzwika kunogona kuva kwechinguva kana kusingaperi, kunzwa kunogona kuva kune nzeve imwe kana mbiri uye rudzi neruzha runosiyana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumumwe.
Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveKunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve?
Chiratidzo chikuru, munhu anonzwa ruzha munzeve kana mumusoro pasina chikonzero chekunze. Zvimwe zvinotevera zvinogona kuoneka:
Kurasikirwa nekunzwa
Kutadza kutarisa
Matambudziko ekudzikama
Kuwedzera kunzwa ruzha rwekunze kune vamwe vanhu (hyperacusis)
Kushaya hope uye kusagadzikana
Kazhinji, kunzwika kunogona kuperekedzwa nekutenderera musoro, kunzwa kuzara munzeve uye kunetseka.
Nzira dzekuona Kunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve Dzinofamba Sei?
Pakutanga, chiremba anobvunza zvakadzama nezve nhoroondo yemurwere uye anoita ongororo ye nzeve, mhino nemuromo. Chiremba anobvunza kuti kunzwika kwatanga rini, rudzi rwarwo, kana kune kurasikirwa nekunzwa kana zvimwe zviratidzo. Zvinotevera;
Ongororo dzekunzwa (hearing tests)
Kana zvichidiwa, ongororo dzemifananidzo (MRI, CT scan)
Ongororo yeropa uye kana zvichidiwa, ongororo dzekudzikama dzinogona kuitwa.
Nenzira idzi, chikonzero chekunzwika chinotsvakwa uye kana zvichidiwa murwere anotumirwa kune vamwe vanachiremba.
Nzira Dzazvino Dzekubata Kunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve
Kubvisa tinnitus zvachose hazviwanzoita, asi kazhinji zvinokwanisika kuderedza chichemo uye kuvandudza hutano. Kurapa kunoitwa seizvi:
Kurapa Chikonzero Chiri Pazasi: Kubvisa waxi yenzeve, kurapa utachiona hwenzeve, kudzora BP kana thyroid zvinogona kuitwa.
Kugadzirisa Mishonga: Mishonga ine mhedzisiro yakaipa inoongororwa nechiremba.
Kushandisa Hearing Aids kune vanorasikirwa nekunzwa: Hearing aids anogona kuvandudza kunzwa uye kuderedza tinnitus.
Tinnitus Maskers (White Noise Devices): Zvinobatsira kuvhara kunzwika; kunyanya usiku uye munzvimbo dzakanyarara zvinonyaradza.
Sound Therapy uye Behavioral Approaches: Cognitive behavioral therapy, nzira dzekuzorora, meditation uye nzira dzekuderedza kushushikana zvinobatsira zvikuru pakugadzirisa chichemo.
Kugadzirisa Mararamiro: Kudzivirira ruzha rukuru, kurara zvakanaka, kurovedza muviri uye kudya kwakaringana zvinobatsira kudzora chichemo.
Supportive Therapies: Kazhinji mishonga kana nzira dzepamusoro dzinodiwa.
Surgical Approaches: Kazhinji, kana paine dambudziko remidzi yeropa kana chimiro, kuvhiyiwa kunofungwa.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti tinnitus dzimwe nguva chiratidzo chekutanga chedambudziko guru reutano. Kana kunzwika kwagara kwenguva refu kana kuri kuwedzera, zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba nyanzvi.
Ndezvipi Zvinogona Kuitwa Kudzivirira Kunzwika kweMumhanzi muNzeve?
Kushandisa midziyo inodzivirira nzeve munzvimbo dzine ruzha rukuru
Kudzivirira kuteerera mimhanzi ine ruzha rukuru kwenguva refu
Kuchengeta nzeve dzakachena, kudzivirira kushandisa cotton bud
Kutevera zvirwere zvisingaperi nguva dzose
Kudzivirira kushandisa mishonga isina kukodzera kana isina kuziva
Kudzora kushushikana
Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa
1. Nei kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve kuchiitika?
Kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve kunowanzoitika nekuda kwekurasa kunzwa, kugara munzvimbo dzine ruzha rukuru, utachiona hwenzeve, kuungana kwewaxi, matambudziko ehurongwa hwekuyerera kweropa kana mhedzisiro yemimwe mishonga. Dzimwe nguva chikonzero hachiwonekwi.
2. Kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve kunowedzera nekushushikana here?
Hongu, kushushikana kunowedzera kunzwa uye simba re tinnitus. Kudzora kushushikana kunobatsira pakudzora kunzwika.
3. Kunzwika kune nzeve imwe chete kunotyisa here?
Kunzwika kunotanga kamwe chete kana kusingaperi kune nzeve imwe chete, kunogona kuratidza dambudziko rakakura sekukura kwetumour kana kusarongeka kwemidzi yeropa. Zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba kana izvi zvikaitika.
4. Kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve kunogona kupora zvachose here?
Mamwe mamiriro anogona kurapwa uye chichemo chikaenda. Asi mune akawanda, kunzwika hakupere zvachose asi kunogona kudzorwa nenzira dzakakodzera.
5. Ndeipi mishonga inogona kukonzera kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve?
Mamwe maantibiotic (semuenzaniso aminoglycosides), mishonga yekurapa cancer, aspirin yakawanda uye mamwe ma diuretics anogona kukonzera tinnitus.
6. Tinnitus inogara ichiperekedzwa nekurasa kunzwa here?
Aiwa, tinnitus haingogari ichiperekedzwa nekurasa kunzwa. Asi kana kurasa kunzwa kuripo, njodzi yekunzwika inowedzera.
7. Vanhu vane kunzwika kwe mumhanzi mu nzeve vanofanira kuenda kubazi ripi?
Kutanga, kuongororwa kunoitwa nachiremba ane hunyanzvi hwezve nzeve, mhuno nemuromo (KBB) kunokurudzirwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, zvinogona kutungamirwa kuodyoloji kana kune mamwe madhipatimendi ane hunyanzvi.
8. Chii chinokurudzirwa kuti kuderedze kunzwika kwekurira nzeve pamba?
Kugadzira ruzha rwepasi rwakaita seredhiyo, fan kana ruzha rwemvura munzvimbo yakanyarara, kutonga kushushikana, kuwana hope dzakakwana uye kudzivirira ruzha rwakanyanya kunogona kuderedza zvichemo.
9. Midziyo inoburitsa ruzha rwepasi inoshanda here?
Midziyo inoburitsa ruzha rwepasi kana michina inoburitsa manzwi ezvisikwa inogona kuderedza kunzwa kwekurira nzeve uye kubatsira pakuwana hope dzakanaka.
10. Rubatsiro rwepfungwa kana kurapwa kwepfungwa runodiwa here?
Kana kurira nzeve kuchiperekedzwa nekusagadzikana, kushushikana kana kushungurudzika, rubatsiro rwepfungwa senge cognitive behavioral therapy runogona kubatsira.
11. Vana vanogonawo kunzwa kurira nzeve here?
Vana vanogonawo kunzwa kurira nzeve asi zvinowanzoitika zvishoma pane kune vakuru. Zvinogona kukonzerwa nekurasikirwa nekunzwa, utachiona kana chinhu chiri mukati menzeve.
12. Ndinofanira kuenda kuna chiremba rini?
Kana kurira nzeve kwatanga kamwe kamwe, kuri kune nzeve imwe chete uye kwakanyanya, kana kuchiperekedzwa nekurasikirwa nekunzwa, kudzungaira kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvehuropi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti ubate nyanzvi pasina kunonoka.
13. Kurira nzeve kungava chiratidzo chekenza here?
Zvisingawanzoitiki, mamwe matumbu anowanikwa panzeve kana pabhinisapu anogona kuzviratidza nekukurira nzeve. Kana kurira kuri kwechigarire, kuri kune divi rimwe chete uye kuri kuwedzera, kuongororwa kunodiwa.
14. Kurira nzeve kunogona kuitika mushure mekukuvara kwemusoro kana mutsipa here?
Hongu, mushure mekukuvara, kurira mumusoro kana munzeve kunogona kuitika; panguva iyi kuongororwa kwakadzama kunodiwa.
15. Ndeapi marapirwo anonyanya kushanda pakurira nzeve mazuva ano?
Marapirwo azvino anosanganisira kurapa chirwere chiri pasi, mahearing aid, marapirwo eruzha, cognitive behavioral therapy, michina inoburitsa ruzha rwepasi uye kushandura mararamiro.
Zvinyorwa
Sangano reUtano Pasi Pose – Kurasikirwa nekunzwa uye kusanzwa
National Institutes of Health (NIH) – Tinnitus: Zvikonzero, Kuongorora uye Kurapa
American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
Mayo Clinic – Ongororo yeTinnitus
British Tinnitus Association – Mapepa eruzivo nezveTinnitus