Uburwayi bw’uruhago rw’inda: Ibyo ugomba kumenya kuri gastrite

Acide yo mu gifu n'uburyo bwo kurinda gifu

Igifu gikora amazi arimo aside ikomeye ifite uruhare runini mu igogorwa. Iyi aside isohorwa n'udusabo twinshi turi ku buso bw'imbere bw'igifu. Kugira ngo uruhu rw'imbere rw'igifu (mukoza) rutangirika, uru buso bw'imbere buba bupfundikiwe n'urwego ruto kandi rurinda rwa mukus rukorwa n'uduce twihariye tw'uturemangingo. Ariko, hari igihe bimwe mu bihe bishobora kwangiza uru rwego rurinda igifu cyangwa bigatera igifu gukora aside nyinshi cyane. Ibi bishobora gutuma uruhu rw'igifu rurwara, bikitwa gastrite.

Gastrite ni iki?

Gastrite bivuga kubyimba k'uruhu rw'imbere rw'igifu (mukoza). Akenshi iterwa n'uko aside yo mu gifu yiyongera cyangwa urwego rurinda igifu rukangirika. Muri ubwo buryo, aside yo mu gifu ihita igera ku turemangingo tw'igifu igatuma twangirika. Gastrite ishobora kugaragara mu buryo bubiri: itangira vuba (akute) cyangwa ikagenda gahoro gahoro, ikamara igihe kirekire (kronike).

Gastrite akute akenshi igaragazwa n'ububabare bukabije kandi bugaragara mu nda, iseseme, kuruka no kubura appetit. Gastrite kronike yo akenshi nta bimenyetso igira cyangwa igaragazwa n'uburibwe bworoheje, kutamererwa neza, kumva inda yuzuye no kubyimba nyuma yo kurya.

Impamvu za Gastrite

Impamvu ikunze gutera gastrite ni ubwandu buterwa na bagiteri yitwa Helicobacter pylori iba mu gifu. Ariko hari n'izindi mpamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera kubyimba k'uruhu rw'igifu:

• Kunywa itabi

• Kunywa inzoga nyinshi

• Koresha imiti ya non-steroidal anti-inflammatoire igihe kirekire nka aspirin na ibuprofen

• Indwara zikomeye, kubagwa gukomeye, gukomereka bikabije no gushya bikomeye

• Umuhangayiko ukabije w'ubwonko n'imitekerereze

• Izindi ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri, virusi cyangwa udukoko

• Aleriji ku biribwa

• Kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire (radiotherapie)

• Kugenda usaza

• Kugira uburozi bw'ibiribwa

• Imiterere aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugaba igitero ku turemangingo tw'igifu (gastrite auto-immune cyangwa gastrite yo mu bwoko bwa A)

Ibimenyetso bya Gastrite ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya gastrite biratandukana bitewe n'umuntu. Hari abadafite ibimenyetso na gato, abandi bakagira ibibazo bigaragara.

Ibimenyetso bya Gastrite Akute

• Ububabare butangira butunguranye, akenshi bumvikana hagati cyangwa hejuru mu nda (bukiyongera iyo ufasheho)

• Ububabare bushobora kugera no mu mugongo

• Iseseme no kuruka

• Kubura appetit

• Kugira igihuha kenshi

• Kumva inda yuzuye no kubyimba

• Kuruka amaraso cyangwa ibiruka bifite ibara ry'ikawa yijimye

• Kugira amaraso mu musarane cyangwa umusarane w'umukara (melena)

• Kugira ubushye cyangwa aside mu gifu

Ibimenyetso bya Gastrite Kronike

Muri gastrite kronike akenshi nta kimenyetso kigaragara. Ibimenyetso byoroheje bishobora kuba harimo kubyimba nyuma yo kurya, guhuha igihe kirekire no kutamererwa neza. Ariko iyo gastrite kronike itavuwe igihe kirekire, ishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye nko kugira udusebe mu gifu cyangwa mu mara mato (duodenum) ndetse n'igifu gifatwa na kanseri.

Ubwoko bwa Gastrite: Gushingiye ku hantu ifata no ku mpamvu

Gastrite, bitewe n'aho ifata mu gifu, ifite amazina atandukanye:

• Antral Gastrite: Ifata igice cyegereye aho igifu gisohokera (antrum), niyo iboneka cyane kandi akenshi iba ifitanye isano na H. pylori.

• Pangastrite: Ifata igice kinini cy'uruhu rw'igifu.

• Korpus Gastrite: Ifata igice cy'igifu cyitwa korpusi (gufata hagati mu gifu).

Gastrite kronike, bitewe n'impamvu, igabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu by'ingenzi:

1. Gastrite Auto-immune (Ubwoko bwa A): Iterwa n'uko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugaba igitero ku turemangingo tw'igifu. Akenshi ijyana no kubura vitamine B12.

2. Gastrite Iterwa na Bagiteri (Ubwoko bwa B): Iterwa ahanini na bagiteri cyane cyane H. pylori.

3. Gastrite Iterwa n'ibinyabutabire (Ubwoko bwa C): Iterwa no gukoresha imiti igihe kirekire (by'umwihariko NSAID), kunywa inzoga nyinshi cyangwa rimwe na rimwe kubera aside iva mu mara igasubira mu gifu.

Gastrite isuzumwa ite?

Mu gusuzuma, intambwe ya mbere ni ugufata neza amateka y'umurwayi. Harebwa ibibazo afite, imiti akoresha, imirire, ikoreshwa ry'inzoga n'itabi ndetse n'amateka y'ubuzima muri rusange. Muganga akora isuzuma ry'inda kugira ngo amenye ahari ububabare.

Niba bikenewe, hashobora gukoreshwa uburyo bwo kureba imbere mu nda nka echographie. Röntgen ikoreshwa gusa mu gihe bakeka ikibazo gikomeye nko gusaduka k'igifu. Uburyo bwizewe cyane bwo gusuzuma gastrite no kumenya impamvu yayo ni endoskopi yo mu gice cyo hejuru cy'uburyo bw'igogorwa. Muri endoskopi, hashobora no gufatwa agace k'uruhu rw'igifu (biopsie) kugira ngo hasuzumwe neza.

Byongeye, mu bizamini by'amaraso hashobora kurebwa ibimenyetso by'uburwayi, ubwandu cyangwa igisubizo cy'ubudahangarwa. Iyo bakeka gastrite auto-immune harebwa uturemangingo twihariye. Ikizamini cy'umusarane gishobora kugaragaza niba hari amaraso mu musarane.

Uburyo bwo kuvura Gastrite

Abantu benshi bafite gastrite bashobora kuyigenzura bahinduye imirire n'imyitwarire. Ariko iyo bikenewe, hakoreshwa n'imiti.

Intambwe za mbere zifatwa ni izi:

• Kwirinda ikawa, inzoga n'itabi byangiza igifu

• Kwirinda ibiryo birimo urusenda cyangwa aside nyinshi

• Niba ufite ibibazo bikomeye, kugabanya ibyo urya igihe gito cyangwa guhitamo ibiryo byoroshye kandi byoroshye igogorwa

• Kugira uburyo bwo kugabanya stress (nko gukora imyitozo yo kuruhuka, meditation)

Muri gahunda y'ubuvuzi, imiti ikunze gukoreshwa ni:

• Imiti igabanya aside yo mu gifu nka antacides, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) na H2 receptor blockers

• Antibiotique ikwiye mu kuvura ubwandu bwa H. pylori

• Gutanga vitamine B12 mu gihe ari gastrite auto-immune

Igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubuvuzi ni ugukemura impamvu nyamukuru (nko kuvura ubwandu bwa H. pylori, guhagarika imiti ikoreshwa igihe kirekire, cyangwa kugenzura imikorere y'ubudahangarwa) ku bugenzuzi bwa muganga. Kugira isuzuma n'igenzura rya buri gihe ni ingenzi mu kwirinda ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kuzaza.

Inama z'imirire ku barwayi ba Gastrite

Imirire ifite uruhare runini mu kuvura gastrite no kugabanya ibimenyetso byayo. By'umwihariko, hakwiye guhitamo ibiribwa byiza ku gifu, birimo fibre nyinshi kandi bigabanya kubyimba. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibiribwa birimo probiotiques nk'ikivuguto cyakozwe mu rugo na choucroute bishobora kurinda zimwe muri bagiteri. Byongeye, imboga nka brocoli, tangawizi, tungurusumu, karoti n'icyayi cy'ibimera bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso bya gastrite.

Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa byemewe:

• Imboga n'imbuto nshya (nka pomme, karoti, brocoli)

• Ibinyampeke byuzuye, ifu y'ibinyampeke, ibishyimbo birimo fibre nyinshi

• Inyama zidafite amavuta menshi (inkoko, inkoko y'inkoko, amafi)

• Amavuta ya coconut

• Ibiribwa birimo probiotiques byinshi (tarhana, ikivuguto, choucroute)

Ibyakwirindwa:

• Chocolat, ikawa, inzoga

• Inyanya n'ibiribwa birimo aside nyinshi

• Ibiribwa byatunganyijwe, birimo amavuta menshi n'isukari nyinshi

• Ibiryo birimo urusenda rwinshi cyangwa byatetse mu mavuta menshi

• Ibiribwa byakozwe mu nganda cyangwa byakonjeshejwe

• Isukari y'ubukorano n'ibindi byongerwa mu biribwa

Icy'ingenzi ni uko buri muntu agira uburyo igifu cye cyakira ibiribwa butandukanye. Ni ngombwa kugisha inama umukozi w'ubuzima mbere yo guhindura imirire cyangwa gutangira ubuvuzi.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

1. Gastrite ishobora gukira ubwayo?

Muri bimwe mu bihe, cyane cyane iyo impamvu iyitera ikuweho (nko guhagarika imiti cyangwa kunywa inzoga n'itabi), gastrite irashobora kugabanuka. Ariko ibimenyetso bimara igihe kirekire cyangwa bikomeye bigomba gusuzumwa na muganga.

2. Gastrite ishobora gutera kanseri y'igifu mu gihe kizaza?

Gastrite kronike, cyane cyane iyo imaze imyaka myinshi kandi itavuwe, ishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira kanseri y'igifu. Ni yo mpamvu igenzura rya buri gihe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye ari ingenzi.

3. Helicobacter pylori ni iki kandi iteza gastrite ite?

Helicobacter pylori ni ubwoko bw’udukoko dushobora kubaho mu gihu cy’inda. Iteza uburwayi bwo mu gifu itera kubyimbirwa k’uruhu rw’inda, bityo igatera gastrite. Mu kuvura iyi ndwara, akenshi hakoreshwa imiti yica udukoko hamwe n’imiti igabanya aside yo mu gifu.

4. Ni ryari umuntu ufite gastrite akwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Iyo umuntu afite ububabare mu nda, isesemi, kuruka, kuruka amaraso cyangwa ibisa n’amabara y’umukara, cyangwa se hari amaraso mu musarane, agomba kujya kwa muganga vuba bidatinze. Ndetse n’ibimenyetso bidakabije bimara igihe kirekire nabyo bisaba kugirwa inama n’abaganga.

5. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura gastrite bufite akamaro kurusha ubundi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura bushingira ku mpamvu nyamukuru itera indwara. Uburyo bwiza ni uguhindura imibereho, kwirinda ibyangiza igifu no gukoresha neza imiti yanditswe na muganga.

6. Ese gastrite irakira burundu?

Niba umuntu akurikije neza imiti n’ingamba zafashwe, gastrite akenshi irakira. Ariko iyo impamvu nyamukuru itavanyweho, ishobora kugaruka. Ku barwayi bafite gastrite y’igihe kirekire, kugenzurwa na muganga kenshi birafasha.

7. Ese imiti irinda igifu ikoreshwa neza ku barwayi ba gastrite?

Imiti igabanya aside (proton pompa inhibitörleri) n’indi miti irinda igifu, iyo yanditswe na muganga, ikoreshwa neza kandi itekanye. Kuyikoresha igihe kirekire cyangwa ku giti cyawe bishobora kongera ibyago by’ingaruka mbi.

8. Ese indyo ya gastrite igomba gukurikizwa igihe kingana iki?

Igihe cyo gukurikiza indyo giterwa n’umuntu ndetse n’ubwoko bwa gastrite. Muri rusange, indyo ikomeza kugeza igihe ibimenyetso bigabanutse, rimwe na rimwe bikaba ngombwa gukomeza kurya neza igihe kirekire.

9. Ese ibiribwa birimo probiotics bivura gastrite?

Ibiribwa birimo probiotics, nk’uko ubushakashatsi bumwe bubigaragaza, bishobora gufasha mu mikorere myiza y’igogora no kunganira mu kuvura gastrite, cyane cyane iyo hari ubwandu bwa H. pylori.

10. Ni ibihe binyobwa umuntu ufite gastrite akwiye kwirinda?

Kawa, inzoga, ibinyobwa birimo gaz n’imitobe y’imbuto irimo aside nyinshi ntibikwiye kuko bishobora kurakaza igifu.

11. Ese gastrite iteje akaga mu gihe cyo gutwita?

Ibimenyetso bya gastrite mu gihe cyo gutwita bishobora kubabaza, ariko kenshi ntibitera ibibazo bikomeye. Igihe cyose, ni byiza kugisha inama umuganga wita ku bagore batwite.

12. Ese stress ishobora gutera gastrite?

Yego, stress nyinshi ishobora kongera aside mu gifu no gukaza ibimenyetso bya gastrite. Kugira uburyo bwo guhangana na stress birafasha.

13. Ese gastrite yandura?

Uburwayi bwa Helicobacter pylori bushobora kwandura hagati y’abantu, ariko si ubwoko bwose bwa gastrite bwandura. Gukurikiza isuku ni ingenzi.

14. Ese abana bashobora kurwara gastrite?

Yego, no mu bana gastrite irashobora kubaho. Igaragazwa n’ibimenyetso bisa n’iby’abakuru kandi bisaba kugirwa inama na muganga.

Inkomoko

• Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (World Health Organization), Amakuru ku Helicobacter pylori na Kanseri y’Igifu

• Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC), Amakuru kuri Helicobacter pylori

• Umuryango w’Abanyamerika wita ku ndwara z’igogora (AGA), Amabwiriza y’Ubuvuzi kuri Gastrite

• Mayo Clinic, Incamake kuri Gastrite

• Umuryango w’Uburayi wita ku ndwara z’igogora (ESGE), Amabwiriza y’Imikorere ku Gastrite