Impamvu Zitera Impiswi, Ibyakorwa n'Ingamba Zifatwa mu Kurwanya Impiswi Iteje Akaga
Amakuru Shingiro ku Muryamo
Imyanda (diyare) isobanurwa nko gusohora amashyira arenga gatatu mu masaha 24 cyangwa cyane cyane ku bana bato, gusohora amashyira kenshi kandi arimo amazi menshi kurusha ibisanzwe. Akenshi itangira gitunguranye kandi ishobora gutera igihombo gikomeye cy’amazi mu mubiri, kandi nubwo akenshi iterwa n’indwara ziterwa n’udukoko, ishobora no kuba ikimenyetso cy’izindi ndwara ziri mu mubiri. Imyanda ni ikibazo gihangayikishije cyane cyane mu bana ku isi hose, kubera ibyago byo gutakaza amazi menshi (dehydration).
Ibisobanuro n’Ubwiyongere bw’Imyanda
Imyanda ni indwara yo mu mwijima igaragarira mu gusohora amashyira arimo amazi menshi, atari akomeye kandi kenshi. Impamvu nyamukuru ni indwara ziterwa n’udukoko, ariko kutihanganira bimwe mu biribwa, imiti imwe n’imwe cyangwa indwara zo mu mwijima nabyo bishobora gutera imyanda. Iyo imyanda ibayeho, umubiri utakaza amazi n’imyunyu ngugu, bityo abana, abageze mu zabukuru n’abantu bafite ubudahangarwa buke bagomba kwitabwaho by’umwihariko.
Ibyatera Imyanda ni Ibiki?
Impamvu zisanzwe ziterwa imyanda zirimo ibi bikurikira:
Indwara ziterwa n’udukoko, virusi cyangwa udukoko tw’udukoko two mu mara (nko kuri Salmonella, E. coli, rotavirus, norovirus)
Kurya ibiribwa byangiritse cyangwa bitujuje isuku (uburozi bw’ibiribwa)
Kutihanganira cyangwa kugira allergie ku biribwa (nko kutihanganira lactose cyangwa gluten)
Ingaruka mbi z’imiti (by’umwihariko antibiotique)
Indwara zidakira zo mu mara (nko kuri Crohn, colite ulcéreuse, syndrome du côlon irritable)
Impamvu zishingiye ku mitekerereze nko stress cyangwa impungenge
Ku bana bato n’abana, gusohora amenyo, imirire itari myiza cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe z’imikorere y’umubiri nabyo bishobora gutera imyanda.
Imyanda Ikomeye (Ishobora Kuroga) ni Iki kandi Ryari Biba Ngombwa Kuyifata Nk’ikibazo?
Bimwe mu bwoko bw’imyanda bushobora gutera igihombo gikomeye cy’amazi n’imyunyu ngugu mu mubiri. By’umwihariko imyanda iterwa n’uburozi bw’udukoko (nko kuri cholera, Clostridium difficile) ishobora kugera ku rwego rwo guteza ibyago bikomeye mu masaha make. Muri ibi bihe, umuntu ashobora kugira inyota ikabije, amaso yijimye, kugabanuka kw’inkari, guhinduka kw’ubwenge, igabanuka ry’ibiro vuba, amashyira arimo amaraso cyangwa ururenda, umuriro mwinshi no kuruka kenshi. Iyo ibi bimenyetso bibayeho, cyane cyane ku bana, abageze mu zabukuru n’abafite ubudahangarwa buke, hakenewe kwihutira kwivuza.
Ubwoko Butandukanye bw’Imyanda ni Ibiki?
Imyanda igabanyijemo amatsinda atandukanye bitewe n’uko igenda n’impamvu iyitera:
Imyanda itunguranye: Ni yo iboneka cyane, akenshi iterwa n’indwara z’udukoko kandi ntirenza ibyumweru bibiri.
Imyanda idakira: Iramba hejuru y’ibyumweru bine, akenshi ikaba ifitanye isano n’indwara zidakira cyangwa ibibazo byo kutinjiza intungamubiri.
Imyanda iterwa no gusohora amazi menshi mu mara: Ibi biterwa n’uko mu mara hasohoka amazi menshi (nko kuri cholera).
Imyanda iterwa n’ibintu bitinjiye bikurura amazi mu mara (nko kutihanganira lactose).
Imyanda irimo amavuta menshi: Igaragarira mu mashyira arimo amavuta menshi kandi akomeye, biterwa no kutinjiza amavuta neza.
Ibimenyetso bya Kliniki n’Ibiranga Igihombo cy’Amazi
Imyanda ishobora kujyana no kuruka, kuribwa mu nda, umuriro n’ibindi bimenyetso. Icy’ingenzi cyane ni ibyago byo gutakaza amazi menshi. Ku bana bato no ku bana, kugabanuka kw’inkari, umunwa wumye, kurira nta marira, amaso yijimye n’ahazengurutse umutwe w’umwana hifashe, kutisanzura cyangwa gusinzira cyane ni ibimenyetso by’igihombo gikomeye cy’amazi. Ku bakuru, gucika intege, isereri, umunwa wumye, umuvuduko muke w’amaraso n’inkari zifite ibara risa n’umukara nabyo birashobora kugaragara. Iyo igihombo cy’amazi kitavuwe, gishobora guteza ibyago bikomeye ku buzima.
Imyanda Isuzumwa ite?
Mu gusuzuma, harebwa kenshi n’uko amashyira asohoka, uko asa, niba hari umuriro, kuruka cyangwa amaraso. By’umwihariko, ku myanda itarengeje ibyumweru bibiri, ibindi bizamini ntibikenewe. Ariko, iyo imyanda irambye, irimo amaraso cyangwa ururenda, cyangwa umuntu aherutse gukoresha antibiotique, cyangwa afite ubudahangarwa buke, hashobora gukorwa isuzuma ry’amashyira, umuco, ibizamini by’amaraso ndetse rimwe na rimwe n’isuzuma ryo mu mara. Ibi bizamini bifasha gutandukanya indwara ziterwa n’udukoko cyangwa izindi ndwara zidakira ziri mu mubiri.
Ubuyobozi n’Uburyo Bukwiye bwo Kuvura Imyanda
Icy’ingenzi cya mbere ni ugusimbuza amazi n’imyunyu ngugu yatakaye mu mubiri. Ku myanda itari ikabije, amazi, isupu, amazi y’umuceri, icyayi cyoroshye cyangwa ibisubizo byo kongera amazi mu mubiri birahagije. Ku myanda ikabije, cyane cyane iyo kuruka cyangwa igihombo cy’amazi ari kinini, hakenerwa gutanga amazi binyuze mu mutsi.
Uburyo bwo Kuvura Bushingiye ku Mpamvu y’Imyanda n’Imyaka y’Uwayirwaye:
Ku bana bato no ku bana, gukomeza konsa birasabwa igihe bishoboka.
Ku bana batangiye kurya, umuceri useye, ibirayi bitogosheje, yoguti, pome iseye, umuneke n’ibiribwa bifite fibre nkeya nibyo byiza.
Antibiotique zikoreshwa gusa igihe muganga abisabye kandi iyo indwara yatewe n’udukoko twagaragaye.
Probiotique zishobora gufasha kongera ubuzima bw’udukoko twiza mu mara, haba ku bana cyangwa ku bakuru.
Ibyo Kwitondera Imyanda Itarakira
Abana cyangwa abakuru bagaragaza inyota ikabije, kuruka kenshi, amashyira arimo amaraso, umuriro mwinshi, kugabanuka gukabije kw’inkari, amaso yijimye n’ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye bagomba guhita bajya kwa muganga. Nubwo imyanda myinshi ishira mu minsi mike, iyo ibimenyetso birambye cyangwa bikomeye, bisaba kwivuza.
Uburyo bwo Kwirinda Imyanda
Kubahiriza isuku, koza neza ibiribwa, kwirinda ibiribwa bitatetse neza cyangwa bitogosheje, gukoresha amazi meza no gukaraba intoki kenshi ni ingenzi mu kwirinda imyanda. Ku bana bato, konsa ni ingenzi cyane. Ku isi hose, gahunda yo gukingira indwara nka rotavirus yagaragaje ko igabanya cyane imyanda ikomeye.
Ibiribwa Bishobora Kugirira Akamaro Imyanda Iri Mu Rugo
Umuceri, ibirayi bitogosheje, umuneke, puree y’ibirayi na puree ya pome, ibiribwa byoroheje kandi bifasha gufata amashyira
Yoguti na kefir birimo probiotiques
Umugati w’umweru udafite amavuta menshi na toast
Inkomoko y’inyama y’inkoko itogosheje ifite amavuta make
Amazi menshi (amazi, ayirani, icyayi cyoroshye, ibisubizo byo kongera amazi mu mubiri)
Ibiribwa bifite fibre nkeya n’amavuta make
Kwibuka: Amata n’ibiyakomokaho bishobora kongera imyanda ku bantu bamwe; ni byiza kwirinda caffeine, inzoga n’ibiribwa birimo fibre nyinshi.
Ibyo Gukora Kugira ngo Imyanda Ireke Kwangiza Vuba
Ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka guhita uhagarika imyanda kuko rimwe na rimwe ari uburyo umubiri ukoresha mu kwirukana indwara. Kuruhuka, kunywa amazi menshi, gukomeza kurya ibiryo byoroheje no kugisha inama muganga igihe ibimenyetso birambye cyangwa bikomeye birasabwa. Imiti ihagarika imyanda si ngombwa buri gihe; cyane cyane ku myanda iterwa n’udukoko, gukoresha imiti idakenewe bishobora gukomeza ikibazo.
Ibyo Kwitondera mu Bihe by’Ubwiyongere bw’Imyanda n’Ibindi Bihe Bidasanzwe
Mu bice abantu baba benshi hamwe, mu mpeshyi, ahantu h’ubukerarugendo no mu duce bigoye kubona isuku, imyanda ishobora kwiyongera. Muri ibi bihe, isuku y’umuntu ku giti cye igomba kwitabwaho cyane kandi ibiribwa bikekwa kwanduye ntibigomba kuribwa. Imyanda idakira, indwara z’ubudahangarwa cyangwa ibibazo by’imikorere y’umubiri nabyo bishobora gutera imyanda; muri ibi bihe, hakenewe isuzuma ryimbitse no gukurikiza gahunda y’ubuvuzi.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (I.B.K)
Ni ibihe biribwa dukwiye kwirinda igihe dufite imyanda?
Kwirinda ibiribwa bitatetse, birimo amavuta menshi cyangwa ibirungo byinshi, amata n’ibiyakomokaho (ku bantu bamwe), ibinyobwa birimo caffeine, inzoga n’ibinyobwa birimo gaz birasabwa igihe ufite imyanda.
Umuneke ni mwiza ku myanda?
Yego, umuneke ni igiribwa cyoroshye mu igogora, kirimo potassium nyinshi kandi kirashimwa mu gihe cy’imyanda.
Imyanda imara igihe kingana iki?
Imyanda myinshi itunguranye irakira mu minsi mike. Ariko iyo irambye hejuru y’icyumweru kimwe cyangwa hari ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye, ugomba kugisha inama muganga.
Umwana wanjye arwaye imyanda, ni ryari ngomba guhita njya kwa muganga?
Niba aruka kenshi, amashyira arimo amaraso, umuriro mwinshi, gucika intege cyane, kugabanuka kw’inkari cyangwa kurira nta marira, ugomba guhita ujya kwa muganga.
Antibiotique zishobora gutera imyanda?
Yego, gukoresha antibiotique bishobora kwangiza udukoko twiza two mu mara bigatera imyanda. Muri icyo gihe, niba ugomba gukomeza gukoresha antibiotique, ugomba kubaza muganga.
Probiotique zishobora gufasha ku myanda?
Inyigo za siyansi zigaragaza ko zimwe mu moko ya probiyotike zishobora kugabanya igihe n'ubukana bw'impiswi y'igihe gito. Ushobora kuzikoresha ugishije inama muganga wawe.
Ni iki gishobora gukorwa mu rugo ku bantu bakuru bafite impiswi?
Kunywa amazi menshi, kurya ibiryo byoroshye kandi byoroshye mu igogorwa, kwirinda ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi n'ibirimo fibre nyinshi no gukoresha umuti w'inyongera w'amazi mu gihe bikenewe ni byo byiza.
Impamvu itera impiswi irimo amaraso ni iyihe?
Impamvu nyamukuru y'impiswi irimo amaraso ni ubwandu, indwara z'uruhurirane rw'amara cyangwa udukoko tumwe na tumwe; bisaba kwihutira gusuzumwa kwa muganga.
Mu gihe cy'impiswi, amazi agomba gutangwa kenshi gute?
Amazi agomba gutangwa kenshi kandi mu rugero ruto, hibandwa ku ibara n'ubwinshi bw'inkari. Ku bana bato n'impinja, ni ingenzi kubonsa kenshi cyangwa gutanga amazi akwiranye n'imyaka yabo.
Ese Covid-19 ishobora gutera impiswi?
Uburwayi bwa Covid-19 bushobora gutera impiswi n'izindi mpinduka mu mikorere y'igogorwa ku bantu bamwe.
Kuki impiswi iboneka kenshi mu gihe cy'izuba?
Mu bihe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibiryo byangirika vuba, isuku ikagorana kandi ibyago byo kwanduzanya mu bantu benshi bikiyongera; ni yo mpamvu impiswi iboneka kenshi mu gihe cy'izuba.
Ese imiti ihagarika impiswi irizewe?
By'umwihariko ku mpiswi ziterwa n'ubwandu, iyo miti ntigirwa inama buri gihe; icyemezo cyo kuyikoresha kigomba gufatwa na muganga.
Ni iki wakora mu gihe impiswi idashira?
Mu gihe impiswi imaze igihe kirekire (yabaye indwara y'igihe kirekire), hagomba gushakishwa impamvu ziyitera no kugisha inama inzobere.
Impamvu impiswi ivurwa ite ku mpinja?
Inzira y'ingenzi ni ukwirinda igihombo cy'amazi. Gukomeza konsa, gukurikirana ibimenyetso by'igihombo cy'amazi no gutanga umuti w'inyongera w'amazi wemejwe na muganga igihe bikenewe ni ingenzi. Mu gihe habayeho impiswi irimo amaraso, kutabasha kurya cyangwa kuruka, jya kwa muganga utagombye gutinda.
Amasoko
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO), “Indwara y’impiswi: Amakuru y’ingenzi,” 2023.
Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC), "Impiswi: Indwara isanzwe, itera impfu ku isi hose," 2022.
Umuryango w’Abanyaburayi wita ku ndwara z’igogorwa, umwijima n’imirire y’abana (ESPGHAN), "Uburyo bwo kuvura impiswi ikaze mu bana," 2014.
Ishyirahamwe ry’Abaganga b’Abana b’Abanyamerika (AAP), "Impiswi ikaze," 2022.
Ivuriro rya Mayo, “Impiswi - Ibimenyetso n’impamvu,” 2024.