Ibintu Ugomba Kumenya ku Kujwigira kw’Ijisho

Kugenda kw’ijisho, ni ikibazo kiboneka kenshi cyane mu muryango kandi akenshi gifatwa nk’ikitagira ingaruka, ariko mu by’ukuri ni ishusho ya kliniki iterwa n’imikaya yo ku gice cy’ijisho igenda idashaka. Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, akenshi biterwa n’umunaniro cyangwa kubura ibitotsi, ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara zitandukanye z’amaso ziri munsi. Ku bw’iyo mpamvu, igihe kugenda kw’ijisho kumaze igihe kirekire cyangwa gusubira kenshi, ni ingenzi kugana inzobere mu ndwara z’amaso.

Kugenda kw’ijisho ni iki?

Muri muganga, kugenda kw’ijisho bizwi nka “myokimi”, kugaragara cyane mu mikaya yo ku gice cy’ijisho hifashishijwe ingendo zitunguranye, z’igihe gito kandi zidashaka (spasms). Izi ngendo akenshi ziboneka ku gice cyo hejuru cy’ijisho; ku bantu bamwe zishobora kugaragara ku gice cyo hasi cyangwa ku mpande zombi. Kugenda kw’ijisho bishobora kuba byoroheje cyane ku buryo bitagaragara, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe ntibibeho na rimwe mu munsi. Rimwe na rimwe, imikaya ishobora kugenda cyane no kumara igihe kirekire, ndetse bigatera gufunga impande zombi z’ijisho. Iyi shusho ikomeye yitwa “blefarospazm” kandi isaba isuzuma rya muganga.

Akenshi kugenda kw’imikaya yo ku gice cy’ijisho bitera gusa ibibazo byoroheje kandi by’akarere kamwe. Ariko nubwo bibaho gake, kugenda kw’imikaya ku bindi bice by’uruhu no kugenda kudashobora kugenzurwa bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’ikibazo cya neurologique. Muri ibyo bihe, ni ngombwa kugana ivuriro vuba bishoboka.

Impamvu zishoboka z’ugenda kw’ijisho

Kugenda kw’ijisho akenshi ni ikibazo kidafite ingaruka kandi kirangira vuba. Impamvu nyamukuru akenshi ntizwi neza, ariko hari ibintu bitandukanye bishobora gutera spasms y’imikaya y’ijisho:

• Umunaniro ukabije

• Kubura ibitotsi cyangwa kudafite gahunda ihamye yo kuryama

• Umuhangayiko n’umunabi

• Kubabara mu maso, allergie cyangwa kuma

• Indwara z’amaso

• Kugaragazwa n’izuba rikabije, umuyaga, umwuka wanduye cyangwa ahantu hari urumuri rwinshi

• Kujya ukoza amaso kenshi cyangwa gukomereka

• Kunywa cyane caffeine, alcool cyangwa itabi

• Ingaruka z’imiti imwe n’imwe

Nubwo bibaho gake cyane, indwara zimwe za neurologique cyangwa kanseri yo mu bwonko nabyo bishobora kuba impamvu y’ugenda kw’ijisho kumara igihe kirekire. Ku bw’ibyo, niba ibimenyetso bimaze igihe kirekire, ni ngombwa kugisha inama inzobere.

Impamvu z’ugenda kw’ijisho ry’ibumoso cyangwa iryo iburyo

Impamvu z’ugenda kw’ijisho ry’ibumoso n’iryo iburyo akenshi zirasa. Umunaniro, kwiyongera k’umuhangayiko, kunywa caffeine cyangwa alcool nyinshi, kutagira umubare uhagije w’imyunyu ngugu hamwe n’imiti imwe n’imwe bishobora kubitera. Rimwe na rimwe, kugenda kw’ijisho bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’ikibazo cy’ubuzima; muri icyo gihe isuzuma ry’ijisho n’ibindi bizamini birakenewe.

Ibimenyetso by’ugenda kw’ijisho ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ugukanya kwihuse, ku murongo no kudashaka kw’imikaya yo ku gice cyo hejuru cyangwa hasi cy’ijisho. Akenshi ntibibabaza, ariko ku bantu bamwe bishobora gutera akantu k’uburibwe. Kugenda kw’ijisho bishobora kumara amasegonda make cyangwa bikaba byakomeza mu minsi myinshi. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora gutuma igice cyose cy’ijisho gifunga.

Ni ryari hakenewe ubufasha bwa muganga?

Akenshi kugenda kw’ijisho birashira vuba kandi ntibisaba kuvurwa. Ariko niba ufite ibibazo bikurikira, ntugatinye kugana muganga w’amaso:

• Niba igice cy’ijisho cyegera hasi cyane

• Niba mu maso haboneka amarira menshi cyangwa hakagenda hatukura buri gihe

• Niba no ku bindi bice by’uruhu hagaragara kugenda kw’imikaya

• Niba mu gihe cya spasms y’ijisho, ijisho rifunga burundu kandi bikagorana kurifungura

• Niba hari amazi, kubyimba cyangwa ibimenyetso by’uruhurirane mu jisho

• Niba kugenda kw’ijisho bimaze ibyumweru bitatu cyangwa birenze

Byongeye kandi, niba kugenda kw’ijisho bijyana no guhinduka gutunguranye mu kureba, ububabare cyangwa kugenda kudashaka kw’imikaya yo hafi, isuzuma rya neurologique rirakenewe.

Uko kugenda kw’ijisho gupimwa n’uko isuzuma rikorwa

Isuzuma rya kugenda kw’ijisho akenshi rikorwa hakoreshejwe amateka y’indwara n’isuzuma rya kliniki. Rimwe na rimwe, iyo ibimenyetso bikomeje, hashobora gusabwa ibizamini byimbitse ku ndwara z’amaso cyangwa neurologique (nko gufotora ubwonko hakoreshejwe MR, ibizamini by’amaraso cyangwa isuzuma rya neurologique). Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo havanweho impamvu zikomeye.

Uko wagabanya kugenda kw’ijisho n’ingamba zo kwirinda

Akenshi kugenda kw’ijisho gushira ubwabyo hakoreshejwe ingamba zoroshye. Dore inama zagufasha:

• Gerageza kuryama bihagije kandi neza.

• Jya uruhuka amaso kenshi kandi niba ureba kuri ecran igihe kirekire, fata akaruhuko.

• Gabanya ibinyobwa birimo caffeine nyinshi nka kawa, icyayi n’ibinyobwa byongera ingufu.

• Irinde gukorakora amaso cyangwa kuyahatira ubusa.

• Niba wumva ufite allergie, kuma cyangwa indwara mu maso, jya ugisha inama muganga kugira ngo aguhe imiti cyangwa amavuta akwiye.

• Mugihe uri ku zuba, jya ukoresha amadarubindi arinda imirasire mibi ya UV.

• Itarure ko umwuka mu cyumba usukuye kandi ufite ubukonje buhagije; guhumeka umwuka mwiza bifitiye amaso akamaro.

• Niba bikenewe, ntutinye gushaka ubufasha bw’umutima kugira ngo ugabanye stress.

Niba ufite indwara y’amaso cyangwa uburwayi bwa kera, ukomeze gufata imiti nk’uko muganga yabiguhaye.

Amahitamo yo kuvura

Akenshi kugenda kw’ijisho birakira nta muti. Iyo ibimenyetso bikomeje cyangwa bisubira kenshi, ni ingenzi kuvura impamvu ibitera nyuma yo gusuzumwa na muganga. Niba hari allergie cyangwa kuma mu jisho, hashobora gutangwa amavuta cyangwa imiti y’amaso. Niba hari stress cyangwa umunaniro w’imikaya, kuruhuka birasabwa. Mu bihe bikomeye kandi bidasanzwe, muganga ashobora gutanga imiti igabanya imikaya cyangwa ubundi buvuzi buhambaye. Mu kugenda gukomeye kw’imikaya nka blefarospazm, hashobora gukenerwa inshinge za botulinum toxin kandi bigomba gukorwa muganga abikurikirana.

Wibuke, niba ufite kugenda kw’amaso kumara igihe kirekire, gukabije cyangwa gusubira kenshi mu buryo budasanzwe, kugana inzobere hakiri kare bishobora kukurinda ibibazo bikomeye by’amaso mu gihe kizaza. Witondere ubuzima bw’amaso yawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

1. Kuki ijisho rigenda?

Akenshi biterwa n’umunaniro, kubura ibitotsi, stress, kunywa caffeine cyangwa kubabara mu jisho. Rimwe na rimwe, indwara z’amaso cyangwa neurologique nabyo bishobora kubitera.

2. Kugenda kw’ijisho biragira ingaruka?

Akenshi kugenda kw’ijisho ntibigira ingaruka kandi birashira vuba. Ariko niba bimaze igihe kirekire cyangwa bijyanye n’ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye, ni ngombwa kugana muganga.

3. Kugenda kw’ijisho ry’ibumoso ni ikimenyetso kibi?

Nta tandukaniro rifatika mu buzima hagati yo kugenda kw’ijisho ry’ibumoso n’iryo iburyo. Impamvu zombi akenshi ni zimwe.

4. Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga kubera kugenda kw’ijisho?

Niba kugenda kw’ijisho bimaze ibyumweru bitatu cyangwa birenze, bifunga ijisho ryose, bijyana n’ububabare, kubyimba cyangwa gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba, cyangwa niba hari kugenda kudashaka kw’imikaya ku bindi bice by’uruhu, ugomba kugana inzobere.

5. Ni iki cyafasha kugabanya kugenda kw’ijisho?

Kuryama bihagije, kugabanya stress, kugabanya caffeine, gufata akaruhuko igihe uri imbere ya ecran no kwita ku isuku y’amaso birafasha.

6. Kugenda kw’ijisho kwandura?

Oya, kugenda kw’ijisho si indwara yandura.

7. Kugenda kw’igice cy’ijisho gushobora kumara igihe kirekire?

Akenshi kugenda kw’igice cy’ijisho ni iby’igihe gito. Niba nta ndwara ikomeye iri munsi, ntibitegerejwe ko bimara igihe kirekire.

8. Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kugenda kw’ijisho?

Ku nama ya muganga, hashobora gukoreshwa amavuta y’amaso akwiye kuri allergie, kuma cyangwa indwara.

9. Gukorakora ijisho byongera kugenda kwaryo?

Yego, gukandira cyangwa gukorakora ijisho kenshi bishobora gutera kubabara no gutuma rigenda.

10. Ese hakwiriye gukoresha imiti y’imiti cyangwa ubundi buvuzi busanzwe mu kugenda kw’ijisho?

Ntabwo byemewe gukoresha ubundi buvuzi butemewe n’abaganga. Mu bibazo by’amaso, isuzuma rya muganga ni ingenzi mbere ya byose.

11. Niba kugenda kw’ijisho bijyanye n’umutwe kubabara, wakora iki?

Niba ibimenyetso bimaze igihe kandi bijyanye, isuzuma rya neurologique rirakenewe, ugomba kugana muganga.

12. Kugenda kw’ijisho ku bana ni ikibazo gikomeye?

No ku bana akenshi birashira ubwabyo. Ariko niba bisubira kenshi cyangwa bijyanye n’ibindi bimenyetso, ugomba kugana muganga w’abana cyangwa w’amaso.

Inkomoko

• Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (World Health Organization – WHO)

• Academie y’Abanyamerika y’amaso (American Academy of Ophthalmology – AAO)

• Mayo Clinic: Kugenda kw’ijisho

• Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’amaso – Amakuru ku buzima bw’amaso

• Cleveland Clinic: Kugenda kw’ijisho (Myokymia na Blepharospasm)