He aha ngā Tohu Moata o te Hāpūtanga? Ngā Tohu Me Mōhio Koe Me te Hātepe Hei Aroturuki
Ka tīmata te hapūtanga ka puta he rerekētanga maha ki te tinana, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea ēnei rerekētanga i roto i ngā tohu rerekē e pā ana ki te oranga o ia rā o te tangata. I tēnei tuhinga, ka kitea e koe ngā tohu ka kitea i te tīmatanga o te hapūtanga, ngā taunakitanga a ngā mātanga, me ngā pārongo hou mō te whakahaere i te tukanga nei.
Ngā Tohu Ka Puta i te Tīmatanga o te Hapūtanga
Ko ngā tohu tino kitea i te hapūtanga ko te aukatinga o te wā, te ruaki me te mate kōpū, te pāpaku me te kī o ngā ū, te ngenge, te mamae i te hope me te puku, te pāpaku ki ngā haunga, me ngā kōpū kōpū. I tua atu i ēnei rerekētanga ā-tinana ka puta i te wā hapū, he maha hoki ngā wā ka pāngia ki ngā rerekētanga kare ā-roto.
Ko ētahi wāhine, i ngā wiki tuatahi, ka kite i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ngā tohu e whai ake nei. Mēnā ka kite koe i ēnei tohu, hei whakapūmau i te āhua, ka taea te whakamātautau Hapūtanga i te kāinga, ā, ka taea hoki te ui ki tō rata wahine kia whakarite mahere haumaru mō ngā mahi e whai ake nei.
Ngā Tohu Ka Kitea i ngā Wiki Moata o te Hapūtanga
Kei raro iho nei ngā tohu ka kitea i ngā wiki tuatahi o te hapūtanga me te auau o ēnei tohu:
Te aukatinga o te wā, te rerekē rānei o te wā
Te mate kōpū, tae atu ki te ruaki i te ata
Te piki o te ngenge me te hiahia moe
Te mate kōpū e tino kitea ana i te ata
Te kī, te pāpaku o ngā ū, ā, i ētahi wā ka mangu te pito o te ū
Te pikinga o te rere o te wai i te tara
Te piki o te haere ki te wharepaku
Ngā rerekētanga o te wairua
Ngā kōpū kōpū, mamae māmā rānei i te puku me te hope
Te pikinga iti o te pāmahana o te tinana, i ētahi wā ka tino werawera
He kakara rerekē, he reka rino ki te waha
Te kī o te puku
I te mea ka taea ēnei tohu te hono ki ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora, e taunaki ana kia whakamātautau hapūtanga i te kāinga, ā, ka whai tohutohu mātanga i muri iho.
Ngā Mea Me Aro Atu i te Wā Hapū
E ai ki te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO), kia taea ai te kite wawe me te ārai i ngā raruraru pea, me haere te wahine hapū ki ngā arowhai hauora e waru ngā wā mai i te wiki tuatahi o te hapūtanga. Mā te aroturuki auau, ka tiakina te hauora o te whaea me te pēpi i mua i te whānautanga.
E taunaki ana hoki ngā mana hauora o te ao me ngā aratohu ā-motu kia aroturuki ngā tohu o te hunga e māharahara ana mō te hapūtanga, ā, me rapu āwhina mātanga mēnā e tika ana.
Āhea Ka Puta Ngā Tohu Hapūtanga?
I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta ngā tohu motuhake o te hapūtanga i waenga i te wiki tuawhā ki te ono i muri i te whakatō. Heoi, he rerekē te tinana o ia tangata, nō reira ka rongo ētahi i ngā rerekētanga i te wā tōmua, ā, ka puta ā muri ake i ētahi atu.
I te tīmatanga, otirā i te 6 ki te 12 rā i muri mai, ka kitea e ētahi wāhine te toto whakapiri (he toto māmā), ā, ka kitea hoki te ngenge, te pāpaku o ngā ū, ētahi wā he mate kōpū māmā me te kore hiahia kai. Ko te aukatinga o te wā te tohu tino kitea o te hapūtanga.
He motuhake te tukanga hapūtanga me te wā o ngā tohu ki ia wahine. Nō reira, me whai mōhio ki ngā rerekētanga o tō tinana, ā, me rapu āwhina hauora mēnā e tika ana kia noho haumaru ai te tukanga.
Ngā Tohu Ka Kitea i te Wā Hapū
Ko ngā tohu matua e kitea ana i te wā hapū ko ēnei:
Te aukatinga o te wā
Te mate kōpū me te ruaki (ka tino kitea i te ata)
Te ngenge e mau tonu ana
Te kī me te pāpaku o ngā ū (i ētahi wā ka mangu te pito o te ū)
Te pikinga o te rere me te rerekē o te wai i te tara
Te koretake, te mamae rānei i te hope me te puku
Ngā mamae kōpū māmā i te puku me te kōpū
Te pāpaku ki ētahi kakara
He toto māmā, he whakapiri rānei
Ngā rerekētanga o te hiahia kai, te hiahia kai nui, te kore hiahia kai rānei
Ngā rerekētanga o te wairua, te pāpaku ā-kare ā-roto
Mēnā he mōhio ki ēnei tohu, ā, e whakapae ana koe he hapū koe, ka taea te whakamātautau hapūtanga i muri i te aukatinga o te wā kia mārama ai te āhua. Mēnā ka haere tonu ngā tohu rerekē, me rapu āwhina mātanga hauora.
He Aha Ka Puta i te Wiki Tuatahi o te Hapūtanga?
Ko te "wiki tuatahi" o te hapūtanga, he wā kāore anō kia whakatōtia te hua. Ka tīmata ngā rata ki te tatau i te wiki hapūtanga mai i te rā tuatahi o te wā whakamutunga; i tēnei wā ka tīmata ngā rerekētanga o ngā homoni, ka whakaritea te kōpū mō te whakatō pea. Kāore e tino kitea he tohu ā-tinana i te wiki tuatahi, engari ka rongo ētahi i ngā kōpū kōpū nā ngā homoni, ā, ka rerekē hoki te wairua.
Ētahi Atu Tohu Ka Kitea i te Hapūtanga Tōmua
Mai i ngā rā tuatahi o te hapūtanga ka taea e te tinana te tuku tohu rerekē. Ko ēnei tohu tōmua ka kitea nuitia:
Te pāpaku me te kī o ngā ū
He toto māmā, he pokekore rānei i te tara
Te ngenge me te hiahia moe
Te pikinga o te pāpaku ki ngā haunga
Ngā kōpū kōpū māmā i te puku me te hope
Te pikinga māmā o te pāmahana o te tinana
Te mate kōpū
Me maumahara, ka taea ēnei tohu tōmua te pā mai i ētahi atu take, ā, me whakamātautau hapūtanga me te arowhai a te rata hei whakapūmau.
Ngā Wāhanga o te Hapūtanga: Ngā Trimester me Ōna Āhuatanga
Ka wehea te wā hapūtanga ki ngā wāhanga e toru (trimester), ā, ka whakaatu ēnei wāhanga i ngā pae whanaketanga rerekē o te pēpi:
1. Trimester (wiki 0–13):
Ka tīmata te hanga o ngā whekau matua o te pēpi, te pūnaha ioio me te manawa. Ka pāngia te whaea ki te mate kōpū, te pāpaku o ngā ū, te hiahia moe me ngā rerekētanga kare ā-roto i tēnei wāhanga.
2. Trimester (wiki 14–26):
I te nuinga o ngā wāhine ka heke te mate kōpū, ka piki te kaha, ā, ka tīmata te rongo i ngā nekeneke o te pēpi. Ka pakeke haere ngā whekau o te pēpi, ka whanake te pūnaha uaua me te kōiwi, ā, ka kitea te puku o te whaea.
3. Trimester (wiki 27–40):
Ka tere te piki o te taumaha o te pēpi, ka pakeke ngā whekau matua. Ka pāngia te whaea ki te mamae o te tuara nā te tipu o te kōpū, te kore moe, te kirikiri o te puku me te piki haere ki te wharepaku. I tēnei wāhanga ka aro ki te whakarite mō te whānautanga.
He wā motuhake ia trimester mō te aroturuki me te tautoko i te whaea me te pēpi. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā tohu ki ia tangata, mā te arowhai auau ka noho haumaru ake tēnei wā.
Ngā Pātai Auau (NPA)
1. Āhea ka tīmata ngā tohu hapūtanga?
Ka tīmata ngā tohu hapūtanga i waenga i te wiki tuawhā ki te ono i muri i te whakatō; heoi, ka rongo ētahi wāhine i ngā tohu i mua atu, i muri iho rānei.
2. He huarahi mārama kē atu hei mōhio mēnā he hapū, i tua atu i te aukatinga o te wā?
Ko te huarahi tino pono ko te whakamātautau hapūtanga i te kāinga, i te taiwhanga rānei. He rerekē ngā tohu, nō reira me whakamātautau hei whakapūmau.
3. He mea noa te toto māmā, te pokekore rānei i te wā hapū?
Ko te toto whakapiri i muri i te whakatō he mea noa ki ētahi wāhine; engari mēnā ka piki te nui, te roa rānei o te toto, me rapu tonu i te rata.
4. He ōrite ngā tohu tuatahi o te hapūtanga ki ia wahine?
Kāo, he rerekē te urupare a te tinana o ia wahine, ā, ka rerekē hoki ngā tohu ki ia tangata.
5. He mea noa te mate kōpū i te ata?
Āe, he mea noa te mate kōpū me te ruaki i te ata, ā, he tino kitea i te wā tōmua o te hapūtanga.
6. Ka taea e te haere tere ki te wharepaku te tohu i te hapūtanga?
Āe, nā te piki ake o te progesterone ka piki ake te haere ki te wharepaku, engari ka puta hoki ēnei āhuatanga i ētahi atu take.
7. He mea noa te rongo i ngā rerekētanga kare ā-roto i te wā hapū?
Nā ngā panonitanga hormonal ka kitea ngā rerekētanga kare ā-roto me te huringa ā-wairua hei āhuatanga noa.
8. Kāore au i te hapū, engari kei te rongo au i ēnei tohu; me aha au?
Ka kitea ēnei tohu i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hoki. Mēnā ka roa, he pai kia kōrero ki tētahi mātanga wahine me te rata whānau.
9. He tika te whakamātautau hapūtanga i te wiki tuatahi?
He pai ake te tika o ngā whakamātautau hapūtanga i muri i te takaroa o te wā o te wāhine. Mēnā ka whakamātautau wawe rawa, ka puta pea he hē te hua.
10. He aha ngā tohu e tono ana kia hohoro te rapu āwhina hauora i te wā hapū?
Ko te mamae puku nui, te toto nui, te kirikaa, te hinga rānei he tohu ohorere, me rapu tonu i te rata.
11. He aha te huarahi tino tika ki te mōhio mēnā e hapū ana au?
Ko ngā whakamātautau mimi kāinga, ko ngā whakamātautau toto i ngā whare hauora hoki ngā huarahi tino tika.
12. Kua puta he hua kino i te whakamātautau hapūtanga ahakoa ngā tohu; me aha au?
Ka taea te whakamātau anō i muri i ētahi rā, ā, mēnā ka haere tonu ngā tohu, me rapu āwhina i tētahi mātanga hauora.
13. Me pēhea te tatau tika i ngā wiki o te hapūtanga?
Ka tatauhia te wiki o te hapūtanga mai i te rā tuatahi o te wā whakamutunga o te wāhine.
14. He ōrite te kaha o ngā tohu i ia hapūtanga?
Kāo, ka rerekē te kaha me te roa o ngā tohu i ia tangata, i ia hapūtanga hoki.
15. Āhea me toro ki te rata mēnā e whakapae ana mō te hapūtanga?
Mēnā kei te rongo koe i ngā tohu, kāore rānei i te mārama, kua puta rānei he hua pai i te whakamātautau, me rapu tautoko i te mātanga wahine me te rata whānau.
Ngā Rauemi
Te Rōpū Hauora o te Ao (WHO), "Ngā Tohutohu Manaaki Hapūtanga"
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), "Hapūtanga: Te Wā Tuatahi"
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), "Ngā Tohu Hapūtanga Moata"
Ngā Aratohu o te Rōpū Pākehā mō te Hauora Wahine me te Whānau (EBCOG)
BMJ, "Ngā tohu hapūtanga moata me te wā tīmatanga o ngā tohu: he rangahau ā-mua"