Te Tuaiwi me te Hernia o te Hope: Ngā Mōhiotanga Taketake, Ngā Tohu, me Ngā Tikanga Rongoā
Te Hanganga o te Iwi Hope me te Iwi Hope Roto
Ko te iwi hope, he hanganga matua e tautoko ana i te tinana, he mea hanga ki te rua tekau mā whā ngā wheua hope (vertebrae). Kei roto i a ia te iwi hope roto, arā, he roopu io e hono ana i te roro me te tinana. Ko ngā uaua e karapoti ana i te iwi hope, ko rātou e whakarato ana i te nekeneke me te manawanui o te tuara me te hope.
Mai i te tirohanga rongoā, ka wehewehea te iwi hope ki ngā wāhanga e whā: ko te wāhanga kaki ko te wahanga cervical, ko te pouaka ko te wahanga thoracic, ko te hope ko te wahanga lumbar, ā, ko te pito o muri ko te wahanga sacral. Ko te wahanga hope he mea hanga ki te rima ngā wheua hope, ka tīmata i te L1 ki te L5. Ko ngā kōpae intervertebral kei waenganui i ngā wheua hope, he mea āwhina kia māmā te nekeneke, kia iti hoki te pānga o ngā tukinga.
He Aha te Hernia o te Hope?
Ko te hernia o te hope, ka puta mai i te whati o te kōpae kei waenganui i ngā wheua hope, ā, ka pēhia e te kiko māmā kei roto i te kōpae ngā io. Ko tēnei nekehanga, he rerenga rānei o te kōpae, he maha ka pā mai te mamae nui ki te hope me ngā waewae. Ko te paheke o te kōpae ka pāngia nuitia e te koroheketanga me te ngoikore o ngā kiko, engari ka tere ake te tukanga nā te kaha o te pēhanga ohorere, te hiki taumaha rānei.
He Aha ngā Tohu Matua o te Hernia o te Hope?
Ko ngā tohu tino kitea o te hernia o te hope, ko ēnei e whai ake nei:
Mamae ki te hope me ngā waewae
Rangirua, koretake rānei ki ngā waewae
Kore rongo, wera rānei ki ngā waewae
Uaua ki te hīkoi
Ina pēhia e te kōpae kua hernia ngā pakiaka io, ka horapa te mamae mai i te hope ki te waewae. I ētahi wā ka rongo mamae anake ki te hope, i ētahi wā ka kitea te ngoikore o te waewae me te waewae, te raruraru taurite rānei. I ngā wā onge, ka puta ngā tohu ohorere pēnei i te kore āhei ki te pupuri mimi, tūtae rānei, te ngoikore o ngā mahi moepuku, e tohu ana i te mate cauda equina. I ēnei āhuatanga, me hohoro te rapu āwhina rongoā.
Ngā Take e Hua ai te Hernia o te Hope
He tokomaha ka pā ki te mamae hope i tētahi wā o tō rātou oranga. Heoi anō, ko te hernia o te hope, he nui ake te pānga o ētahi tūraru:
Te hiki taumaha, ngā nekeneke taumaha rānei
Noho roa (hei tauira, mahi i te tēpu, taraiwa roa)
Te momona (taumaha nui), ka piki te pēhanga ki te iwi hope
Te kai paipa, ka kino te whāngai i ngā kiko kōpae
Te āhuatanga ira; i ētahi wā ka kitea te hernia o te hope i roto i te whānau
Te noho noho noa; ka piki te tūraru nā te ngoikore o ngā uaua hope me te puku
Te piki taumaha i te wā hapūtanga, ka piki te pēhanga ki ngā wheua hope
Me Pēhea te Tautuhi i te Hernia o te Hope?
Ko te mahi tuatahi ki te tautuhi i te hernia o te hope, ko te kohikohi kōrero rongoā me te tirotiro ā-tinana. Ka aromatawaihia te wāhi o te mamae, te horapa ki te tinana, te ngoikore, te ngaronga rongo rānei. I ētahi wā, ka kaha ake te mamae i te maremare, tihe rānei.
He mea nui ngā tikanga whakaahua hei tautoko i te tautuhi:
Rorohiko (X-ray): Ka whakaatu i ngā taipitopito wheua hope, ka kitea ngā whati me ngā huringa āhua.
Tomokanga Rorohiko (CT): He pai mō te aromatawai i ngā kōpae kua kōhatu, kua hernia rānei.
Whakaahua Reo Aukume (MRI): Ko te tikanga tino whiriwhiri mō te hernia o te hope, nā te mea ka hoatu kōrero taipitopito mō ngā kiko māmā, ngā io me ngā kōpae.
Hikoioio (EMG): Ka kitea mēnā he raruraru i te kawe io.
I ētahi wā, mēnā ka whakapae i te mate urutā, puku rānei, mate pūnaha rānei, ka hiahiatia ngā whakamātautau toto anō.
Ngā Rautaki Mō te Hernia o te Hope
Ka whakaritea te maimoatanga o te hernia o te hope kia rite ki ngā amuamu a te tūroro, te taumata o te hernia me te tūraru o te whara io. I ngā wāhanga tīmatanga, ka tūtohuhia ēnei tikanga:
Whakatā mō te wā poto
Ngā mahi whakaora tinana me te whakahou
Ngā rongoā whakaiti mamae, ārai mumura hoki (te nuinga he nonsteroid antiinflamatuvar)
Mō te mamae nui ake, ngā tohu io rānei, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rongoā mamae kaha ake, ngā whakangāwari uaua rānei. Mēnā kāore e whai hua i ngā rongoā, ka puta rānei te kore āhei ki te whakahaere mimi, tūtae rānei, ka taea te whakaaro ki te pokanga.
He Aha ngā Kōwhiringa Maimoatanga Pokanga?
Ka whakaaro ki te pokanga ina he tino ngoikore, kore whakahaere mimi, tūtae rānei, te ngoikore o ngā mahi moepuku, te mamae nui, kore e mimiti rānei. Ko ngā tikanga pokanga matua:
Mikrodiskektomi: Te tango i te kiko kōpae kua hernia mā raro i te karu karu
Laminektomi: Te tango i tētahi wāhanga o te iwi hope (lamina) kia whakakore i te pēhanga ki te io
Pokanga kōpae horihori: Te tango i te kōpae kua whara, te whakanoho kōpae horihori; mō ētahi tūroro anake
Whakakotahi iwi hope (spinal fusion): Te here tahi i ngā wheua hope maha; mō ngā āhuatanga tino ngoikore
Ahakoa he tūraru pēnei i te mate urutā, te toto rere, te whara io i muri i te pokanga, nā ngā tikanga pokanga hou kua tino whakaitihia ēnei raruraru.
Te Whakaora me te Oranga i muri i te Hernia o te Hope
Mō ngā āhuatanga kāore e hiahiatia te pokanga, i muri rānei i te pokanga, ka taea te tiaki i te hauora o te iwi hope mā te whakaora tinana, te whakapakari uaua me ngā hōtaka korikori tika. Ko ngā tohutohu a te mātanga mō te whakamahi wera-mātao, te whakatā poto me te ako tū (posture) ka tautoko i te tukanga whakaora.
He Aha ngā Mea Me Aro ki te Ārai i te Hernia o te Hope?
He mea nui ngā panonitanga oranga hei ārai i te hernia o te hope:
Noho ki te taumaha hauora, karo i te piki taumaha koretake
Mahi korikori auau hei whakapakari i ngā uaua (ina koa te puku me te tuara)
Ina hiki taonga i te papa, piko i ngā turi, kia tika te tuara
Mahi nekeneke, totoro hoki i ngā wā mahi noho roa
Karo i ngā hū rekereke teitei me te kai paipa
Whakarite i ngā tikanga tū e tika ana mō te iwi hope i roto i te oranga o ia rā
Ngā Pānga Roa o te Hernia o te Hope
Mēnā kāore e whakahaerehia tika te hernia o te hope, ka puta pea te mamae tuara e kaha haere ana, te whara io kāore e taea te whakahoki, me te heke o te kounga oranga. Nō reira, he mea nui te toro wawe ki te mātanga me te whai i ngā tohutohu ina puta ngā tohu.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. He aha te hernia o te hope, ā, me pēhea te puta?
Ko te hernia o te hope, ka puta i te whati o te kōpae kei waenganui i ngā wheua hope, ā, ka pēhia te kiko māmā ki ngā io. Ko te koroheketanga, ngā nekeneke taumaha, te hiki taumaha rānei, he tino take ka puta ai.
2. He aha ngā tohu o te hernia o te hope?
Ko ngā tohu tino kitea ko te mamae ki te hope me te waewae, te rangirua, te koretake rānei ki ngā waewae, te uaua ki te hīkoi, te ngoikore ki te waewae, ā, i ētahi wā onge, te kore whakahaere mimi, tūtae rānei.
3. Ko ia mamae hope he tohu hernia o te hope?
Kāo. He maha atu ngā take ka puta ai te mamae hope. Mēnā ka horapa te mamae ki ngā waewae, ka piri te ngaronga rongo, ka piki te tūponotanga o te hernia o te hope. Me toro ki te rata mō te tautuhi tika.
4. Ka taea te whakaora aunoa i te hernia o te hope?
Ko te nuinga o ngā take, i roto i te ono wiki, ka taea te whakaora aunoa mā te whakatā, te rongoā me te whakaora tinana. Engari, mēnā ka kino haere ngā tohu, ka ngaro te whakahaere mimi, tūtae rānei, me toro tonu ki te whare hauora.
5. Me mate pokanga te hernia o te hope?
Kāore te nuinga o ngā tūroro e mate pokanga. Mēnā ka taea te whakahaere i te mamae, kāore he ngaronga kaha uaua, kāore hoki he whara io, he nui te painga o te rongoā me te whakaora tinana. Ka whakaaro ki te pokanga ina he ngoikore, kore whakahaere mimi, tūtae rānei, te mamae nui, kore e mimiti rānei.
6. I ngā āhuatanga aha ka hiahiatia te pokanga ohorere?
Mēnā ka puta ohorere te kore whakahaere mimi, tūtae rānei, te tino ngoikore ki ngā waewae, te ngaronga o ngā mahi moepuku, he āhuatanga ohorere tēnei, me hohoro te haere ki te hōhipera.
7. He aha ngā mahi ka taea i te kāinga hei whakaiti i te mamae hernia o te hope?
Ko te whakatā mō te wā poto, ngā komupi wera-mātao i tohutohutia e te rata, ngā korikori totoro māmā, me te tū tika mō te iwi hope, ka āwhina. Engari, mēnā ka piki te mamae, ka puta te ngoikore, me kōrero ki te rata.
8. He aha ngā korikori pai mō te hernia o te hope?
E taunaki ana ngā mahi whakapakari e whakakaha āta i ngā uaua o te hope me te tinana. Heoi, he rerekē te mahi e tika ana mō ia tangata, he mea tika kia ui ki tētahi kaiwhakaora tinana, tētahi rānei rata.
9. He aha te pānga o te momona me te kai paipa ki te wharanga hope?
Ka whakaneke te taumaha nui i te kawenga ki runga i te tuaiwi me ngā kōpae, ā, ka taea e te kai paipa te whakararuraru i te whāngai o ngā kōpae. Ka whakapiki ēnei āhuatanga e rua i te mōrea o te wharanga hope; he mea nui te oranga hauora hei ārai.
10. Me aha hei tiaki i a koe i te wharanga hope?
Me whakapakari tinana, kia noho i roto i te taumaha hauora, kia tika te hiki i ngā mea taumaha, me te karo i te kai paipa hei tiaki i te hauora o te tuaiwi.
11. Ka hoki anō te wharanga hope?
Āe, ina haere tonu ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, kāore rānei e mahia ngā panonitanga oranga tika, ka taea te hoki anō. Mā te aro ki te korikori tinana me te tū tika ka ārai i te hoki anō.
12. He aha ngā tikanga whakaahua ka whakamahia i te wharanga hope?
Ko te MRI te mea tino whakamahia; i ētahi wā ka hiahiatia te rorohiko tomography me te röntgen hoki. Ka whakatauhia e te rata i runga i tana arotake.
13. He aha te painga o te rongoā ā-tinana i te wharanga hope?
Ka whakapakari te rongoā ā-tinana i ngā uaua, ka tautoko i te tuaiwi, ka whakaiti i te mamae, ā, ka āwhina i te whakaora. Me whakarite te hōtaka rongoā kia hāngai ki te tangata.
14. He aha ngā mōrearea i muri i te pokanga?
Pērā i ngā pokanga katoa, ka taea te mate urutā, te totohe, te whara i te io. Heoi, kua tino whakaitihia ngā mōrearea i ngā tikanga pokanga moroiti.
15. Ka taea te hākinakina me te wharanga hope?
Ka whai hua pea ngā mahi whakapakari e taunakitia ana e te rata. Engari, me whiriwhiri i ngā mahi ā-tinana e tika ana mō te tinana, ā, me karo i ngā hākinakina taumaha, uaua hoki.
Ngā Rauemi
Te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO) – Hauora Kōiwi me ngā Uaua
Te Rōpū Ākonga Rata Kōiwi o Amerika (AAOS) – Kōpae Hope Kua Wharara (Kōpae Kua Retireti)
National Institutes of Health (NIH) – Puka Mōhiohio mō te Mamae Hope Raro
European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) – Aratohu mō te Wharanga Kōpae Hope
American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) – Kōpae Kua Wharara