Isimo Sokulala Okungapheli (i-Hipersomnia) Nezimbangela Zaso: Izimo Eziphatha Impilo Yomuntu

Isifiso sokulala njalo, emibhalweni yezokwelapha kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-hipersomnia. Lesi simo siveza ukuthi umuntu uzwa isifiso esikhulu sokulala nasemini, kube nzima ukuhlala evuka futhi enze imisebenzi yakhe yansuku zonke. I-Hipersomnia inganciphisa kakhulu izinga lempilo futhi ivame ukudinga usizo lwezempilo lochwepheshe. Kulesi sihloko, sixoxa ngezimbangela ezivamile kanye nokuhlobana kwesimo sokulala njalo nezinye izimo zezempilo, kanye nezindlela zokuphatha.

Yiziphi Izimbangela Eziyinhloko Zesidingo Sokulala Njalo?

1. Kuyini i-Hipersomnia?

I-Hipersomnia yisifo sokulala esichazwa ngesifiso sokulala njalo futhi sibangela ukuthi umuntu azizwe elalelile phakathi nosuku. Lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-hipersomnia idiopathic kanye ne-hipersomnia yesibili. I-hipersomnia idiopathic ivela ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile futhi ivame ukubonakala ngokuthi umuntu avuke ekuseni ekhathele noma elale amahora amaningi ebusuku. I-Hipersomnia ingathinta kabi impilo yomuntu emphakathini nasemsebenzini, inciphise izinga lempilo. Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kudinga ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.

2. Ukuhlaselwa Kokulala Okubangelwa i-Narcolepsy

I-Narcolepsy yisifo esithinta izinhlelo ezilawula umjikelezo wokulala nokuvuka ebuchosheni. Iziguli zibhekana nokulala okungalindelekile, okushesha futhi okungalawuleki. E-Narcolepsy, kungavela ukulahlekelwa kwesikhashana kokulawula imisipha (cataplexy), ukungakwazi ukuhamba lapho ulala noma uvuka (ukubanjwa ubuthongo), kanye nemibono efana namaphupho eqiniso. I-Narcolepsy idinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngoba ingasongela ukusebenza kwansuku zonke nokuphepha.

3. Ukudangala Nokwanda Kwezidingo Zokulala

Izifo zengqondo, ikakhulukazi ukudangala, zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesifiso sokulala ngokweqile. Kubantu abaphethwe ukudangala, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukwehla kwamandla kanye nesidingo sokulala njalo phakathi nosuku kuvamile. Futhi, ukuphazamiseka kokulala kungavela njengokungalali (insomnia) noma i-hipersomnia. Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukwesekwa kwengqondo kanye nemithi uma kudingeka.

4. Isifo Sokukhathala Okungapheli (CFS)

Isifo Sokukhathala Okungapheli sichazwa ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okungachazeki kahle futhi okungapheli, okungapheli ngisho nangemva kokuphumula. Ngisho noma umuntu elele ngokwanele, angazizwa engaphumule; futhi kungavela izinhlungu zemisipha nekhanda, izinkinga zokugxila kanye nezinkinga zememori. Uma kucatshangwa i-CFS, kunconywa ukuhlola ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona.

5. I-Sleep Apnea: Imbangela Yokulala Okungelona Elisezingeni

I-Sleep apnea yisifo esichazwa ngokumiswa kwesikhashana kokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala. Lokhu kubangela ukuphazamiseka kokulala ebusuku, okwenza ukulala kungaphumuleli; lokhu kuholela ekukhathaleni okweqile nasemini kanye nesifiso sokulala. Ukwelashwa kwe-sleep apnea akuthuthukisi kuphela izinga lokulala, kodwa kubalulekile ekunciphiseni izingozi zezempilo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu nezifo zenhliziyo.

6. Ukuphazamiseka Kwezisebenzi Ze-Thyroid Nokukhathala Okuqhubekayo

I-Thyroid ikhiqiza amahomoni alawula umzimba. Ikakhulukazi uma i-thyroid ingasebenzi kahle (hypothyroidism), ukukhiqizwa kwamandla emzimbeni kwehla. Lokhu kuholela ebuthakathakeni, ukukhathala kanye nesifiso sokulala njalo. I-Hypothyroidism ingalawulwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele.

7. I-Anemia (Ukuntuleka Kwegazi) Nokwehla Kwamandla

I-Anemia kusho ukungabi bikho kwamaseli egazi abomvu anele emzimbeni. Lawa maseli athwala umoya-mpilo, futhi lapho izicubu nemithambo zingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, umuntu angazizwa ekhathele futhi ethambekele ekulaleni. Uhlobo lwe-anemia oluvame kakhulu ukuntuleka kwensimbi. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, izikhalo zivame ukwehla.

8. Umthelela We-Diabetes Ekukhathaleni

I-Diabetes yisifo esingapheli lapho umzimba uhluleka ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini esimeni esijwayelekile. Amazinga kashukela angalingani aphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla adingwa amaseli. Lokhu kuholela ekukhathaleni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kanye nesifiso sokulala njalo. Ngokuphathwa kahle kwe-diabetes, lezi zinkinga zingancipha kakhulu.

Sidingo Sokulala Njalo Kufanele Sibanakwe Nini?

Wonke umuntu, kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, angazizwa ekhathele futhi elalelile ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa uma lesi simo siqhubeka njalo, sinciphisa izinga lempilo nokusebenza kwansuku zonke, kufanele kube nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Uma izimbangela ezingaphansi sezitholakele, izikhalo zivame ukwehla ngokwelashwa okufanele noma izinguquko empilweni.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Uma ngilala njalo, lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesifo esinzima?

Isifiso sokulala njalo, kwesinye isikhathi sihlotshaniswa nezici zempilo, kodwa singabangelwa isifo esingaphansi. Ikakhulukazi uma izikhalo zakho zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke, kufanele uxhumane nochwepheshe bezempilo.

2. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-hipersomnia ne-narcolepsy?

I-Hipersomnia ichazwa ngokulala ngokweqile phakathi nosuku, kanti i-narcolepsy ihambisana nokulala okungalawuleki ngokuzumayo kanye nokulahlekelwa kokulawula imisipha. I-Narcolepsy ngokuvamile iyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi yezinzwa.

3. Yimiphi imithelela yokudangala ohlelweni lokulala?

Ukudangala kungavela njengokungalali (insomnia) noma ukulala ngokweqile (hipersomnia). Futhi, ukuvuka ekuseni ukhathele kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla phakathi nosuku kuvamile.

4. Ingabe i-sleep apnea iyelapheka?

Yebo, i-sleep apnea iyelapheka. Izindlela zokwelapha zihlanganisa izinguquko empilweni, amadivayisi omoya (CPAP), amathuluzi angaphakathi komlomo kanye nezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa kwezinye izimo.

5. Yini ukuhlobana phakathi kwesifo sokukhathala okungapheli nesifiso sokulala njalo?

Kubantu abaphethwe isifo sokukhathala okungapheli, ukukhathala okungapheli ngisho nangemva kokulala ngokwanele kanye nesifiso sokulala njalo kuvamile. Kodwa ukulala njalo kungavela nezinye izimbangela.

6. Ngizokwazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-anemia?

Izimpawu ze-anemia zifaka ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ubuthakathaka, ukungabi nombala kanye nokukhathala ngokushesha. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale isifo.

7. Izinkinga ze-thyroid zithinta kanjani uhlelo lokulala?

Uma i-thyroid ingakhiqizi amahomoni anele (hypothyroidism), kuba nokwehla kwamazinga wamandla kanye nokwanda kwesidingo sokulala. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, izikhalo zivame ukwehla.

8. Ukulawula i-diabetes kunganciphisa ukukhathala kwami?

Ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini esilinganisweni kuthuthukisa izinga lamandla jikelele futhi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokulala.

9. Kungani ngisazizwa ngikhathele noma ngilala ngokweqile?

Kunezimbangela eziningi: i-sleep apnea, ukudangala, ukuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid, i-anemia noma ezinye izifo zokushintsha umzimba. Uma izikhalo zakho zihlala isikhathi eside, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela.

10. Ngingazisiza kanjani?

Zama ukuba nemikhuba yokulala evamile nekhwalithi, ukudla okunempilo, nokunaka ukuzivocavoca. Kodwa uma izikhalo zakho ziqhubeka, cela usizo kochwepheshe bezempilo.

11. Ingabe isifiso sokulala njalo sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala?

Izinguquko ohlelweni lokulala zingavela ngokuguga, kodwa i-hipersomnia eqhubekayo ingaba uphawu lwesifo. Ikakhulukazi uma kuqala ngokuzumayo, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka.

12. Ingabe isifiso sokulala njalo singavela ezinganeni?

Yebo, nasezinganeni ukulala ngokweqile kungabangelwa izimbangela ezahlukene. Uma izinguquko zihlala isikhathi eside noma zenzeka ngokuzumayo, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wezingane.

13. Yiziphi ezinye izifo ezingabangela isidingo sokulala njalo?

Ukwehluleka kwemisebenzi yamaphaphu, izifo eziphindaphindayo, imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile kanye nezinye izifo zezinzwa kungabangela lezi zinkinga.

Imithombo

• Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (WHO) – Ishidi Lamaqiniso Ezifo Zokulala

• Inhlangano YaseMelika Yezifo Zokulala (AASM) – Ukuhlukaniswa Nokuphathwa Kwezifo Zokulala

• Izikhungo Zokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo e-USA (CDC) – Izinsiza Zesifo Sokukhathala Okungapheli

• Inhlangano Yezengqondo YaseMelika (APA) – Izindinganiso Zokuxilonga Ukudangala Okukhulu

• Inhlangano YaseMelika Yezifo Zeshukela (ADA) – Imihlahlandlela Yokuphathwa Kwe-Diabetes

• Ijenali Yezokwelapha Kwezifo Zokulala – Izibuyekezo Ze-Hipersomnia Ne-Narcolepsy