Ko e Fakatupu ʻo e Māmālohi ʻi he Konga ʻo e Māmā: Ko e Meʻa ʻOku Ke Fiemaʻu ke ʻIlofi ki he Gastrit

ʻAsiti ʻi loto ʻo e Mape mo e ngaahi Mekanisimi Fakatupu Puipui

ʻOku fakatupu ʻe he mape ha vai ʻasiti malohi ʻoku kau ki he fatongia mahuʻinga ʻi he founga fakamālohiʻanga. ʻOku tuku mai ʻeni ʻe he ngaahi konga lahi ʻo e mape ʻoku ʻi he loto mape. Ke maluʻi ʻa e mape mei he fakatuʻutāmaki, ʻoku ufiufi ʻa e loto mape ʻe ha kihiʻi konga mukusi ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he ngaahi selo pau. Ka ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga kehe, ʻe lava ke fakahoko ha fakatuʻutāmaki ki he puipui ʻo e mape pe ke fakatupulaki ʻa e ʻasiti ʻo e mape. Ko e ola, ʻe lava ke mafola ʻa e mape pea hoko ko ha gastrit.

Ko e hā ʻa e Gastrit?

Ko e gastrit ʻoku ʻuhinga ki he mafola ʻo e kihiʻi konga ʻoku ufiufi ai ʻa e loto mape. Ko e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻiloa taha ko e fakatupulaki ʻo e ʻasiti ʻo e mape pe ko e fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e konga puipui. ʻI he tuʻunga ko ʻeni, ʻoku fehokotaki tuʻusaʻo ʻa e ʻasiti ʻo e mape mo e konga ʻo e mape pea fakatupu ai ha fakatuʻutāmaki ki he ngaahi selo. ʻOku lava ke hoko ʻa e gastrit ʻi he founga vave (akutu) pe ʻi he founga loloa mo malohi (kroniki).

ʻOku ʻiloa ʻa e gastrit akutu ʻi he ngaahi fakaʻilonga hange ko e mamahi vave mo malohi ʻi he konga loto ʻo e konga, puke, tui, mo e mole ʻo e fie kai. ʻI he gastrit kroniki, ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha fakaʻilonga pe ʻoku fiekaia, fakatupu mamahi, fakalotolahi, mo e ongoʻi mamafa ʻi he kai.

Ko e ngaahi ʻUhinga ʻo e Gastrit

Ko e ʻuhinga lahi taha ʻo e gastrit ko e mahaki fakapekia ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he baketelia Helicobacter pylori ʻi he mape. Ka ʻoku ʻi ai foki mo e ngaahi meʻa kehe ʻe lahi ʻoku lava ke fakatupu mafola ʻi he konga ʻo e mape:

• Fakamoʻoni sigareti

• Fakamoʻoni ʻaloko lahi

• Fakamoʻoni loloa ʻo e ngaahi meʻa fakafaitoʻo hange ko e aspirin, ibuprofen

• Mahaki mamafa, ngaahi taotaha lahi, ngaahi lavea mamafa mo e vela mamafa

• Fakaʻauha fakalaumālie mo e fakakaukau

• Mahaki baketelia, vairosi pe manitā

• ʻAleli ki he meʻakai

• Ngāue radiotherapi

• Moʻui motuʻa

• Poisoni meʻakai

• Ko e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻoku taumuʻa ki ai ʻa e sisitemi puipui ʻo e sino ki he konga ʻo e mape (gastrit otoimuni pe gastrit A tipi)

Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi Fakaʻilonga ʻo e Gastrit?

ʻOku kehekehe ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻo e gastrit ʻi he kakai kehekehe. ʻOku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha fakaʻilonga ʻi he niʻihi, ka ʻoku ʻi ai mo e niʻihi ʻoku maʻu fakaʻilonga mahino.

Ngaahi Fakaʻilonga ʻo e Gastrit Akutu

• Mamahi vave ʻoku ongoʻi ʻi he konga loto mo ʻolunga ʻo e konga (ʻoku lahi ange ʻi he taimi ʻoku lomi ai)

• Mamahi ʻoku mafola ki he konga tuʻa

• Puke mo tui

• Mole fie kai

• Fakafiefia lahi

• Ongoʻi mamafa mo fakalotolahi ʻi he konga

• Tui ʻi he toto pe tui ʻuli

• Toto ʻi he tuʻutuʻu pe tuʻutuʻu ʻuli (melena)

• Mape ʻoku vela mo ʻikai lelei

Ngaahi Fakaʻilonga ʻo e Gastrit Kroniki

ʻI he gastrit kroniki, ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha fakaʻilonga. Ko e ngaahi fakaʻilonga fiekaia ʻoku kau ai ʻa e fakalotolahi hili ʻa e kai, fakafiefia loloa mo e fiekaia fiekaia. Ka ʻoku lava ke fakatupulaki ʻa e gastrit kroniki ki he mahaki lahi hange ko e ʻulisa ʻo e mape pe ongoʻipangopango mo e kanisā ʻo e mape kapau ʻe ʻikai ke faitoʻo.

Ngaahi Fōma ʻo e Gastrit: Fakatatau ki he Feituʻu mo e ʻUhinga

ʻOku ui ʻa e gastrit ʻi he ngaahi hingoa kehekehe fakatatau ki he feituʻu ʻoku uesia ai ʻi he mape:

• Antral Gastrit: ʻOku uesia ʻe he gastrit ko ʻeni ʻa e konga fakafonua ʻo e mape (antrum), ko e fōma lahi taha pea ʻoku kau lahi mo H. pylori.

• Pangastrit: ʻOku uesia ʻa e konga lahi ʻo e mape.

• Korpus Gastriti: ʻOku tupu ʻi he konga lotoloto ʻo e mape (korpus).

ʻOku vahevahe ʻa e gastrit kroniki ki he ngaahi fōma tolu fakatatau ki he ʻuhinga:

1. Gastrit Otoimuni (A Tipi): ʻOku tupu ʻi he taimi ʻoku tali hala ai ʻa e sisitemi puipui ʻo e sino ki he ngaahi selo ʻo e mape. ʻOku kau lahi mo e mole ʻo e vaitamini B12.

2. Gastrit Baketelia (B Tipi): ʻOku fakatupu ʻe he ngaahi mahaki baketelia, tautefito ki H. pylori.

3. Gastrit Kemikale (C Tipi): ʻOku tupu ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakamoʻoni loloa ai ki he ngaahi faitoʻo (tautefito NSAII), ʻaloko lahi pe he taimi siʻi ʻoku toe fakafoki mai ai ʻa e bile.

Fakatokangaʻi ʻo e Gastrit

Ko e sitepu kamataʻanga ko e tohi hohoko fakamatala ʻo e mahaki ʻo e tokotaha. ʻOku vakaiʻi ʻa e ngaahi faitoʻo ʻoku ne ngāueʻaki, ngaahi anga fakakai, fakamoʻoni ʻaloko mo e sigareti mo e hisitolia fakafaitoʻo. ʻOku vakaiʻi ʻe he toketā ʻa e konga ʻo e konga ke fakapapauʻi ʻa e feituʻu mamahi.

Kapu ʻoku fiemaʻu, ʻe lava ke ngāueʻaki ʻa e ultrasound ʻo e konga. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻa e röntgen kapau ʻoku ʻi ai ha fehuʻi mahaki mamafa hange ko e mapekuo. Ko e founga falalaʻanga taha ke fakapapauʻi ʻa e gastrit mo e ʻuhinga ko e endoskopi ʻo e gastrointestinal system. ʻI he endoskopi, ʻe lava ke toʻo ha konga ʻo e mape ke siviʻi.

Ko e sivi toto ʻoku vakaiʻi ai ʻa e mafola, mahaki mo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga otoimuni. Kapau ʻoku fehuʻi ki he gastrit otoimuni, ʻoku siviʻi ʻa e ngaahi antikolo pau. ʻOku siviʻi foki ʻa e toto ʻi he tuʻutuʻu.

Founga Faitoʻo ʻo e Gastrit

ʻI he kakai lahi, ʻoku lava ke puleʻi ʻa e gastrit ʻaki e liliu ʻo e anga mo e tokanga ki he meʻakai. Ka ʻoku toe ngāueʻaki foki ʻa e faitoʻo kapau ʻoku fiemaʻu.

Ko e ngaahi sitepu kamataʻanga ʻoku kau ai:

• Fakapapauʻi ke ʻoua ʻe ʻai ha kofi, ʻaloko mo e sigareti

• Fakaʻehiʻehi mei he meʻakai ʻoku kehekehe mo e ʻasiti

• Kapu ʻoku ʻi ai ha fakaʻilonga mahino, fakasiʻi ʻa e meʻakai pe fili ha meʻakai fiekaia mo faingofua ke mālohiʻi

• Puleʻi ʻa e fakakaukau (hange ko e ngaahi ngāue fakafiemālie, meditation)

Ko e ngaahi faitoʻo ʻoku ngāueʻaki lahi ʻi he faitoʻo fakafaitoʻo:

• Antiasiti, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) mo e H2 receptor blockers ke fakasiʻi ʻa e ʻasiti ʻo e mape

• Antibiotic totonu ki he mahaki H. pylori

• Fakalelei vaitamini B12 ʻi he gastrit otoimuni

Ko e konga mahuʻinga taha ʻo e faitoʻo ko e puleʻi ʻo e ʻuhinga (hange ko e mahaki H. pylori, fakamoʻoni loloa ki he faitoʻo, ngaahi mekanisimi otoimuni) ʻi laloʻi vakai ʻa e toketā. Ko e vakai mo e sivi tuʻuloa ʻoku mahuʻinga ke taʻe hoko ha ngaahi faingataʻa lahi.

Ngaahi Fakatātā Meʻakai ki he Kakai ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e Gastrit

ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e meʻakai ʻi he faitoʻo ʻo e gastrit mo e fakasiʻi ʻo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga. ʻOku totonu ke fili ʻa e meʻakai ʻoku lelei ki he mape, maʻu fibre lahi mo e fakasiʻi mafola. ʻOku fakahā ʻe he ngaahi sivi ʻoku lava ke maluʻi ʻa e meʻakai hange ko e yoghurt homemade mo e lahanatursu ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e probiotics mei he ngaahi baketelia. Ko e ngaahi vesitapolo hange ko e broccoli, sengikili, kaliki, kāloti mo e ngaahi tiʻakau ʻoku tokoni ke fakasiʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻo e gastrit.

Meʻakai mo inu ʻoku totonu ke fili:

• Vesitapolo mo e fuaʻiʻakau foʻou (hange ko e ʻāpole, kāloti, broccoli)

• Meʻakai fibre lahi hange ko e konga kākā ʻo e greni, yulofi, pi

• Kiki siʻi ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha ngako (moa, peleleti, ika)

• ʻŌli kokonut

• Meʻakai ʻoku maʻu probiotics (tarhana, yoghurt, lahanatursu)

Meʻakai ʻoku totonu ke fakaʻehiʻehi mei ai:

• Chokoleiti, kofi, ʻaloko

• Tomato mo e meʻakai ʻoku ʻasiti lahi

• Meʻakai ʻoku processed, ngako lahi mo e suka lahi

• Meʻakai ʻoku kehekehe mo e meʻakai ʻoku fakamā

• Meʻakai ʻoku ʻosi maʻu mo e meʻakai ʻoku ʻi he fakamālōlō

• Meʻakai ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka mo e ngaahi meʻa fakalahi

ʻOku totonu ke manatuʻi ʻoku kehekehe ʻa e ongoʻi mape ʻo e kakai takitaha. ʻOku mahuʻinga ke feʻiloaki mo ha toketā kimuʻa pea liliu ʻa e meʻakai pe fai faitoʻo.

Ngaahi Fehuʻi Fakaʻataʻata

1. ʻE lava ke mole ʻa e gastrit ʻe ia pe?

ʻI he ngaahi tuʻunga, tautefito kapau ʻoku toʻo ʻa e ʻuhinga (hange ko e faitoʻo pe tuku ʻa e ʻaloko mo e sigareti), ʻe lava ke fakasiʻi ʻa e gastrit. Ka ʻoku totonu ke vakaiʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga loloa pe mamafa ʻe he toketā.

2. Ko e hā e faingamālie ʻo e gastrit ke fakatupu kanisā ʻo e mape?

ʻOku lava ke fakatupulaki ʻa e gastrit kroniki, tautefito ʻi he ngaahi taʻu lahi ʻa e mahaki ʻoku ʻikai ke faitoʻo, ke fakatupulaki ʻa e faingamālie ʻo e kanisā ʻo e mape. Ko ia ai, ʻoku mahuʻinga ʻa e vakai tuʻuloa mo e faitoʻo totonu.

3. Ko e hā ʻa e Helicobacter pylori pea ʻe anga fēfē hono uesia ʻo e gastrit?

Ko Helicobacter pylori ko ha fa'ahinga siemu 'oku lava 'o mo'ui 'i he mucosa 'o e manava. 'Oku ne fakatupu inflammation 'i he peau 'o e manava pea lava ke fakatupu gastritis. 'I he'enau faito'o, 'oku fa'a ngaue'aki 'a e antibiotics mo e ngaahi me'a faito'o 'oku fakasi'isi'i ai e asiti 'o e manava.

4. Ko e ha e taimi 'oku totonu ai ke ha'u ha taha 'oku ma'u ha gastritis ki he tokotaha faito'o?

Kapu 'oku 'i ai ha mamahi 'i he konga 'o e kofu, puke, tui, tui 'oku 'i ai ha toto pe tui 'uli, pe 'i he taimi 'oku 'i ai ha toto 'i he tu'u, 'oku totonu ke vave ha'u ki he tokotaha faito'o. Ko e ngaahi faka'ilonga fiekaia 'oku fuoloa, 'oku totonu ke fai ha sivi fakafaito'o.

5. Ko e ha e founga faito'o lelei taha ki he gastritis?

'Oku fakangofua 'a e faito'o ki he me'a 'oku fakatupu ai. Ko e founga lelei taha ko e liliu 'a e founga mo'ui, ta'ofi mei he ngaahi me'a 'oku fakahaohaoa ai e manava, pea mo e ngaue'aki fakamaau 'a e ngaahi me'a faito'o 'oku fakahoko 'e he tokotaha faito'o.

6. 'E lava ke toe mo'ui lelei 'a e gastritis?

Ka fai ha faito'o totonu mo e tauhi lelei, 'oku fa'a toe mo'ui lelei 'a e gastritis. Ka 'ikai ke to'o 'a e me'a 'oku fakatupu ai, 'e lava ke toe hoko. 'I he ngaahi tu'unga fuoloa, 'oku lelei ke fai ha sivi fakafaito'o tu'o lahi.

7. 'Oku malu ke ngaue'aki 'a e ngaahi me'a faito'o malu'i manava 'i he gastritis?

'Oku lava ke ngaue'aki fakapapau 'a e proton pump inhibitors mo e antacids 'i he fakahinohino 'a e tokotaha faito'o. Ka fai ha ngaue'aki ta'etotonu pe fuoloa, 'e malava ke tokoni ki he tupu 'o e ngaahi palopalema.

8. Ko e ha e lōloa 'oku totonu ke fai ai ha diet ki he gastritis?

'Oku liliu 'a e lōloa 'o e diet ki he taha kotoa pe mo e fa'ahinga gastritis. Ko e me'a lahi, ke tauhi 'o a'u ki he taimi 'oku si'isi'i ai 'a e ngaahi faka'ilonga, pea 'i he taimi kehe, ke tauhi fuoloa 'a e ngaahi anga fakakai mo'ui lelei.

9. 'Oku tokoni 'a e ngaahi me'akai probiyotik ki he faito'o 'o e gastritis?

'Oku fakahaa'i 'e he ngaahi fakatotolo 'e ni'ihi 'oku tokoni 'a e ngaahi me'akai 'oku 'i ai 'a e probiyotik ki he mo'ui lelei 'o e sisitemi digestion pea lava ke tokoni ki he gastritis, tautautefito ki he faito'o 'o e H. pylori.

10. Ko e ha e ngaahi me'a inu 'oku totonu ke ta'ofi 'i he gastritis?

'Oku 'ikai ke fakahoko ke inu kofe, 'aloko, ngaahi me'a inu 'oku 'i ai e kasa, mo e ngaahi me'a inu 'oku 'i ai e asiti lahi he 'e malava ke fakahaohaoa 'a e manava.

11. 'Oku fakatu'utamaki 'a e gastritis 'i he taimi 'oku ma'itaki ai ha fefine?

'Oku lava ke fakatupu fiema'u 'a e ngaahi faka'ilonga 'o e gastritis 'i he ma'itaki, ka 'oku 'ikai fa'a fakatupu palopalema lahi. 'I he taimi kotoa pe, 'oku totonu ke fe'iloaki mo e tokotaha faito'o fefine mo'ui.

12. 'Oku lava ke fakahoko 'e he stress 'a e gastritis?

'Io, 'oku lava ke fakalahi 'e he stress lahi 'a e ngaohi 'o e asiti 'o e manava pea fakalalahi 'a e ngaahi faka'ilonga 'o e gastritis. 'Oku tokoni 'a e pule'i 'o e stress.

13. 'Oku mafola 'a e gastritis?

'Oku lava ke mafola 'a e mahaki Helicobacter pylori mei ha taha ki ha taha, ka 'oku 'ikai ke mafola 'a e fa'ahinga gastritis kotoa. 'Oku mahu'inga ke tauhi lelei 'a e ngaahi founga fakama'a.

14. 'Oku lava ke ma'u 'e he fanau 'a e gastritis?

'Io, 'oku lava ke hoko 'a e gastritis ki he fanau. 'Oku fakahaa'i 'i he ngaahi faka'ilonga tatau pea totonu ke fai ha sivi fakafaito'o.

Ngaahi Ngaahi Konga Fakamafolalea

• Kautaha Mo'ui 'a Mamani (World Health Organization), Helicobacter pylori mo e Gastric Cancer Fact Sheets

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Fakamatalanga ki he Helicobacter pylori

• American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), Ngaahi Tufunga Faito'o ki he Gastritis

• Mayo Clinic, Fakamatalanga ki he Gastritis

• European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), Ngaahi Tufunga Faito'o ki he Gastritis