Kuzvimba kweutsinga hweutsvo: Zvikonzero, Zviratidzo, Kuongororwa uye Maitiro ekurapa

Chii chinonzi Hernia yemutsipa?

Hernia yemutsipa, dambudziko reutano rinokonzerwa nekutsvedza kwepakati pediski (nucleus pulposus) iri pakati pemapfupa emutsipa, zvichikonzera kudzvanywa kwemasero ari pedyo uye kuderedza kunaka kweupenyu. Inowanzobatanidzwa nekusimudza zvinhu zvinorema, kufemera kamwe kamwe, kukuvara kana kugara usina kufamba kwenguva refu. Inogona kuoneka kune vechidiki nevakuru, asi inonyanya kuwanikwa pakati pemakore 20-40. Zvinhu zvakaita semararamiro, zvakatipoteredza uye nhaka zvinogona kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwechirwere ichi.

Hernia yemutsipa inoitika sei?

Musana, chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinobatsira kuti muviri umire zvakanaka uye ufambe. Pakati pemapfupa manomwe emutsipa mune tishu dzinonzi diski dzine hunyoro uye dzinotambanuka. Mukati mediski mune chinhu chakatsetseka uye chine hunyoro (nucleus pulposus) chinotenderedzwa neanulus fibrosus yakasimba. Kana chimiro ichi chakuvadzwa, chinhu chemukati chinogona kubuda chichidzvanya masero, zvichikonzera zvichemo zvakasiyana.

Zvikonzero zveHernia yemutsipa ndezvipi?

Kazhinji pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinokonzera hernia yemutsipa. Zvinonyanya kuwanikwa ndezvi:

• Kufamba kamwe kamwe, kukuvara kana kurova

• Kugara usina kufamba kwenguva refu uye maitiro asina kunaka ekumira

• Kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema kana kushanda zvakanyanya mumuviri

• Kuderera kwehunyorova mudiski nekuda kwekuchembera (degeneration)

• Kushandisa fodya

• Kushanda kwenguva refu pakombiyuta kana pafoni yakangwara

• Kukanganiswa kwakashata kwemhasuru dzemusana nekuda kwekushushikana

• Kuve nemumhuri vane dambudziko rakafanana, kureva nhaka

Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe mabasa (semuenzaniso; vanoshanda kwenguva refu patafura, vanoita mabasa epamba zvakanyanya, vatyairi) panowanzowanikwa hernia yemutsipa.

Kuchinja kunounzwa neukukutu hwezera kunokurumidza kukanganisa chimiro chediski uye kunogona kukonzera hernia inoramba iripo. Kana hernia yemutsipa yaitika mushure mekukuvara, zvichemo zvinotanga nekukurumidza uye zvakajeka.

Zviratidzo zveHernia yemutsipa ndezvipi?

Hernia yemutsipa inogona kuzviratidza nenzira dzakasiyana zvichienderana nesimba rezviratidzo uye kuti ndeipi musimboti yesero yakanganiswa. Zvinonyanya kuwanikwa ndezvi:

• Kurwadziwa mumutsipa, mapendekete, musana uye maoko

• Kuvhunduka, kuzvimba, kana kuderera kwekunzwa mumaoko kana zvigunwe

• Kusava nesimba kwemhasuru, kunyanya muruoko kana zvigunwe

• Kuderera kana kushayikwa kwemhinduro yemhasuru (reflex)

• Kurwadziwa kwemusoro, kudzungaira

• Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kurasikirwa nekunzwa kwekuyera, kunzwa ruzha munzeve kana kuderera kwemaoko

Kune vamwe, kurwadziwa kunowedzera pakukosora, kukosora kana kudzvinyirira. Ndeipi nhanho yesero yakanganiswa inotaridza kuti kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kana kufamba kuchaitika kupi muruoko kana muchanza.

Muzviitiko zvisina kurapwa uye zvinopfuurira, kudzvanywa kwemasero kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwekunzwa kana kupofomara kwemhasuru, saka zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba pasina kunonoka kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa.

Zviratidzo pamisimboti yesero yakabatwa neHernia yemutsipa

Zvinoenderana nenhanho inodzvanywa nehernia, zvinogona kukonzera zvichemo zvakasiyana pamisimboti yesero:

• C2: Kurwadziwa kwemusoro, kunzwa kusagadzikana pameso nemunzeve

• C3, C4: Kurwadziwa kudiki mumutsipa, mapendekete nemusana uye kusimba kwemhasuru

• C5: Kuwedzera pakurwadziwa kwemutsipa nemapendekete, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa uye kusava nesimba muruoko repamusoro nemapendekete

• C6: Kuderera kwekunzwa uye kusava nesimba padivi remaoko, ruoko uye mapendekete, kuderera kwemhinduro yebendekete

• C7: Kuderera kwekunzwa muruoko rwepamberi, chigunwe chepakati, kukanganiswa kwemhinduro ye triceps

• C8-T1: Kuderera kwekunzwa mumaoko uye pakati peruoko rwepamberi, kusagadzikana kwekufamba kwezvigunwe

Kuzivikanwa kweHernia yemutsipa kunoitwa sei?

Kutanga, chiremba anoita ongororo yakadzama uye anoongorora zvakanaka mafambiro ezviratidzo. Kunyanya, kupararira kwekurwadziwa, nguva yatakatanga, simba racho uye zviratidzo zvehuropi zvinobatsira chiremba. Miedzo yelaboratory inobatsira zvishoma, asi kuongorora kwechokwadi kunotsigirwa nemifananidzo:

• X-ray: Inoratidza chimiro chemapfupa emusana uye shanduko dzinogona kuitika nekukwegura.

• CT scan: Inoshandiswa kuona zvakadzama zvemapfupa uye kuongorora kuumbwa kwediski.

• MRI: Inopa ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro petishu dzakatsetseka, hernia mudiski uye kukanganiswa kwemisimboti yesero; ndiyo nzira inonyanya kunyatsoona hernia yemutsipa.

• EMG uye nerve conduction studies: Inogona kuratidza matambudziko ekufamba kwemagetsi mumasero, kunyanya pakuziva kuti ndeipi misimboti yesero yakabatwa.

Chiremba anogonawo kukumbira mimwe miedzo kuti abvise zvirwere zve rheumatism, gomarara kana utachiona zviri pasi pezviratidzo.

Nzira dzekurapa Hernia yemutsipa

Chinangwa chekurapa hernia yemutsipa ndechekuderedza zvichemo zvemurwere, kuderedza kudzvanywa kwemasero uye kuvandudza kunaka kweupenyu. Kurapa kunorongwa zvichienderana nesimba uye mafambiro echirwere. Nzira dzekutanga dzinowanzoita dzisiri dzekuvhiya:

• Kudzidzisa uye mazano emararamiro: Kudzidzira kumira zvakanaka uye kugadzira nzvimbo yakanaka yekushanda, kudzivirira kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema uye kufamba kunokuvadza mutsipa kwakakosha.

• Fizikisi uye zvirongwa zvekudzidzira: Maekisesaizi anowedzera simba remhasuru dzakatenderedza mutsipa, anobatsira kusunungura uye kuwedzera kutenderera kweropa. Asi maekisesaizi aya anofanira kuitwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwehunyanzvi.

• Kushandisa kupisa kana kutonhora munzvimbo: Zvinogona kushandiswa kuderedza kurwadziwa uye kusimba kwemhasuru.

• Mapiritsi ekurwadziwa uye ekusimudzira mhasuru: Anoshandiswa maererano nemirayiridzo yachiremba.

• Kubayiwa mishonga mumusana: Kana kurwadziwa kwakanyanya, chiremba anogona kubaya kortisoni munzvimbo yesero kana epidural; izvi zvinoderedza kuzvimba uye kupindura kwekudzivirira.

• Kushandisa collar yemutsipa: Inogona kupa zororo kwenguva pfupi panguva yakaoma, asi kushandiswa kwenguva refu hakukurudzirwi.

Kuvhiya kunofungwa chete kana paine kudzvanywa kukuru kwemasero, kusava nesimba kwemhasuru kana kana dzimwe nzira dzisina kubatsira. Mukuvhiya, chikamu chediski chinodzvanya masero chinobviswa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, diski repurasitiki kana mamwe maitiro ekurapa anogona kushandiswa kubvisa kuderera kwenzvimbo.

Ndeipi mamiriro anoda kuvhiya paHernia yemutsipa?

Kuvhiya hakudiwi kune vese vane hernia yemutsipa. Asi mune mamiriro anotevera, kuvhiya kunogona kukurudzirwa:

• Kuwedzera kusava nesimba kwemhasuru uye kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunopfuurira

• Kurwadziwa kunoramba kuripo uye kunokanganisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwezuva nezuva, pasina kupindura kune dzimwe nzira

• Kudzvanywa kukuru pamisimboti yesero uye/kana njodzi yekupofomara

• Kukanganiswa kwekutonga wetumbu kana wetumbu diki

Mamiriro emurwere wese anoongororwa zvakasiyana kuti sarudzo yakanakisisa yekurapa iitwe.

Ndeipi nzira dzinobatsira paHernia yemutsipa?

Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzinogona kushandiswa mukurapa hernia yemutsipa:

• Fizikisi uye maekisesaizi akagadzirirwa munhu pasi pekutarisirwa kwehunyanzvi

• Mapiritsi ekusimudzira mhasuru, ekurwadziwa uye kana zvichidikanwa anti-inflammatories

• Kushandisa kutonhora kana kupisa munzvimbo

• Massage kana chiropractic kana chiremba akabvumidza

• Kusarudza pillow yakakodzera uye kugadzirisa mararamiro kuti mutsipa utsigirwe

Chinhu chakakosha chinofanira kurangarirwa ndechekuti usati watanga chero kurapwa kana chirongwa chemaekisesaizi, unofanira kubvunza nyanzvi yezveutano. Kuita zvinhu zvisina kutungamirirwa kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo, saka nyanzvi inofanira kubvunzurudzwa.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

1. Ndiani anonyanya kubatwa nehernia yemutsipa?

Hernia yemutsipa inogona kuoneka kune vechidiki nevakuru. Inonyanya kuwanikwa kune vanoshanda patafura, vanosimudza zvinhu zvinorema uye vanogara vasina kufamba kwenguva refu.

2. Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza hernia yemutsipa?

Kurwadziwa kunotangira mumutsipa, mapendekete kana maoko, kuvhunduka, kuzvimba, kusava nesimba kwemaoko, kuderera kwemhinduro uye dzimwe nguva kudzungaira zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chehernia yemutsipa.

3. Ndeipi nzira inonyanya kushanda pakuziva chirwere ichi?

Kufananidza nemagetsi (MRI) ndiyo nzira inonyanya kunyatsoona uye inopa ruzivo rwakadzama pakuziva fivha yemutsipa.

4. Kuita maekisesaizi kwakachengeteka kune wese murwere here?

Hapana chirongwa chemaekisesaizi chinokodzera vese varwere. Vanhu vane fivha yemutsipa vanofanira kushanda nezvirongwa zvinokurudzirwa nachiremba uye zvakagadzirirwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwemufiziotherapisiti.

5. Kukwizwa kwemutsipa kunobatsira here?

Nekushandisa nzira dzakakodzera, zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kusimba kwemhasuru uye marwadzo. Asi mune mamwe mamiriro, kukwizwa hakukurudzirwi; kuti uzive kuti kwakakodzera here, bvunza chiremba wako.

6. Fivha yemutsipa inopora yoga here?

Mune mamiriro akareruka uye ekutanga, zvichemo zvinogona kuderera nekuzorora uye maekisesaizi. Asi kana chirwere chafambira mberi uye paine zvichemo zvehuropi, kurapwa kwechiremba kunodiwa.

7. Kuvhiyiwa kunodiwa here?

Vakawanda vane fivha yemutsipa vanogona kupora vasina kuvhiyiwa. Kuvhiyiwa kunongokurudzirwa chete kana mamiriro akaoma uye dzimwe nzira dzikatadza kushanda.

8. Kushandisa mutsigiri wemutsipa kwenguva refu kunokuvadza here?

Hongu, kushandisa kwenguva refu kunogona kukonzera kusava nesimba kwemhasuru. Mutsigiri wemutsipa unofanira kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi chete uye pasi pekutarisirwa nachiremba.

9. Kushandisa kombiyuta nefone kunokonzera fivha yemutsipa here?

Kugara zvisina kunaka uye kugara kwenguva refu zvisina kumira zvakanaka kunogona kukonzera kushushikana kwemhasuru nemadiski emutsipa, zvichiwedzera njodzi yefivha.

10. Fivha yemutsipa inogona kudzokorora here?

Hongu, kunyanya kana zvinhu zvinokonzera zvisina kutarisirwa uye mararamiro asina kuchinjwa, inogona kudzokorora.

11. Ndeapi mishonga inoshandiswa pakurapa fivha yemutsipa?

Kazhinji, mishonga inoderedza marwadzo, inozorodza mhasuru uye inorwisa kuzvimba inonyorwa. Kushandiswa kwemishonga kunofanira kuitwa pasi pekutarisirwa nachiremba.

12. Ndeipi mamiriro anoda kuti uende kuna chiremba?

Kana uine marwadzo, kuzvimba kana kusava nesimba, kana zvichemo zvako zvichiwedzera, unofanira kukurumidza kubvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano.

Zvinyorwa

• Sangano reHutano Pasi Pose (WHO): “Musculoskeletal Conditions”

• Sangano reAmerican Neurology (AAN): Cervical Radiculopathy Guidelines

• Sangano reEuropean Spine (EuroSpine): Cervical Disc Herniation Recommendations

• Sangano reAmerican Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS): Neck Pain and Cervical Disc Disease

• Mayo Clinic: “Herniated Disk”

• New England Journal of Medicine: “Cervical Radiculopathy”