Matepukupuku Ū: Ngā Mōhiohio Hou, Te Tautuhi, Te Rongoā me te Hiranga o te Tautuhi Moata
Ko te mate pukupuku ū, tētahi o ngā momo mate pukupuku tino kitea i waenga i ngā wāhine puta noa i te ao, ā, he raruraru nui mō te hauora tūmatanui. Ahakoa ka rerekē te auau puta i ngā whenua me ngā hapori rerekē, e ai ki ngā rangahau hou, tata ki te hauwhā o ngā mate pukupuku ka kitea i ngā wāhine, nō te mate pukupuku ū. He wāhanga nui hoki o ngā matenga e pā ana ki te mate pukupuku i waenga i ngā wāhine, nō tēnei mate anō. Heoi anō, nā te whanaketanga o ngā tikanga rongoā me ngā tikanga aromatawai hou, kua puta he hua whakahihiko i te pakanga ki te mate pukupuku ū. Ina koa, nā te kite wawe, ka tino piki te tūmanako rongoā me te kounga o te oranga.
He Aha te Mate Pukupuku Ū?
Ko te mate pukupuku ū, he mate e puta mai ana i te tipu koretake o ngā pūtau i roto i te kiko ū. Ko tēnei tipu hē, ka tīmata i te nuinga o te wā i ngā kōhao miraka, i ngā repe miraka rānei, ā, ka taea te hanga pokepoke i roto i te wā. Ko ēnei pokepoke, he maha ka taea te rongo i te wā o te tirotiro ā-ringa, ā, ka āhei pea te kite wawe ake i te mate pukupuku ū i ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku. Ina kitea i te wā tōmua, he tino teitei te tūmanako kia taea te rongoā pai i te mate.
Ngā Tohu Whānui o te Mate Pukupuku Ū
I ētahi wā, ka kore he tohu mō te mate pukupuku ū mō te wā roa. Heoi anō, ka puta pea ēnei tohu i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te mate:
Ngā Pokepoke Ka Rongoa ā-Ringa: Ko te rongo i ngā pokepoke mārō, kore mamae i te ū, i raro rānei i te rīpene, tētahi o ngā tohu tino kitea.
Te Rere o te Ū: Me āta arotake i te rerenga miraka, kotahi anake te taha, ka puta noa ake, ā, i ētahi wā he toto kei roto.
Te Panonitanga o te Āhua, te Rahi rānei o te Ū: He mea nui te kitea o te rerekētanga nui o te rahi, o te āhua rānei i waenga i ngā ū e rua.
Ngā Panonitanga i te Kiri: Ka puta pea te matotoru, te pupuhi, te whero, te whara, te āhua "kiri ārani" rānei ki te kiri o te ū.
Te Kōpiko, te Kōpuku Rānei o te Māhunga Ū: Ina tata te puku ki te māhunga ū, ka pā rānei ki ētahi kiko here, ka kitea pea ēnei panonitanga.
Mēnā ka kite koe i tētahi o ēnei tohu, he mea tino nui kia toro atu ki tētahi mātanga hauora mō te kite wawe.
Te Tirotiro ā-Ringa me te Mamokarapi mō te Kite Wawe
Ko te tirotiro ā-ringa i te ū, he tikanga nui hei āwhina i ngā wāhine kia kite wawe i ngā panonitanga o te ū. E taunaki ana kia mahia i tētahi rā motuhake o ia huringa wāhine, i ia marama rānei mō te hunga kua puta ki te wā o te kore huringa. I te wā o te tirotiro, me mātaki i ngā panonitanga o te kiko ū, ngā pupuhi, ngā kōpiko me ngā panonitanga tae.
Ko te mamokarapi, he tikanga whakaahua e kīia ana ko te paerewa koura mō te tirotiro mate pukupuku ū, mā te whakamahi i te X-ray iti. E taunaki ana ngā mātanga kia mahia kotahi i te tau te mamokarapi mō ngā wāhine kāore he āhuatanga mōrearea motuhake, ka tīmata i te 40 tau. Mō te hunga mōrearea, me tīmata wawe ake, me te tirotiro i ngā wā poto ake, i raro i te tohutohu a te rata.
Te Whakarōpū me te Ahunga o te Mate Pukupuku Ū
Ka whakarōpūhia te mate pukupuku ū i runga i te rahi o te puku, te horapa ki ngā kōhao repe, me te horapa ki ētahi atu whekau:
Te Wā Tōmua (Wāhanga 1): He iti iho i te 2 cm te puku, kāore anō kia horapa ki ngā kōhao repe.
Te Wā Waenga (Wāhanga 2): He nui ake pea i te 2 cm te puku, ka kitea, kāore rānei te horapa ki ngā kōhao repe.
Te Wā Mua (Wāhanga 3): He nui ake i te 5 cm te puku, ā, he mārama te horapa ki ngā kōhao repe.
I ngā wāhanga tōmua ake, ka taea te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.
He tino teitei te oranga mō te hunga ka kitea, ka rongoā i te wā tōmua o te mate pukupuku ū. Nō reira, he mea nui te tirotiro me te tirotiro auau.
Te Pokanga me Ngā Tikanga Rongoā mō te Mate Pukupuku Ū
Ko te pokanga te tikanga rongoā e tino whakamahia ana mō te mate pukupuku ū. Ka rerekē ngā kōwhiringa pokanga i runga i te wāhanga o te mate, te rahi me te horapa o te puku:
Pokanga Tiaki Ū: Ka tangohia te wāhi mate me ngā kiko huri noa, ka tiakina te nuinga o te ū. Ka whakamahia i ngā wā tōmua.
Mastektomi: Ko te tango katoa i te kiko ū. Ka kōwhiria mō ngā wāhanga mua, mō te horapa whānui rānei o te puku.
Pokanga Onkoplastik: Ka tangohia te kiko mate, ā, ka āta tiakina te āhua o te ū mō te āhua ātaahua.
Biopsi Kōhao Repe Tohu: Ka kitea, ka tangohia ngā kōhao repe tuatahi ka horapa te mate, mā ngā waituhi motuhake.
Te Whakapai i ngā Kōhao Repe i raro i te Rīpene: Ina horapa te mate ki ngā kōhao repe, ka tangohia ēnei wāhi mā te pokanga.
Ka mahia ēnei pokanga katoa i raro i te rongoā whakamoe e tika ana mō te tūroro, ā, ka roa pea i waenga i te 1.5 ki te 2 hāora. Ko te hauora o te tūroro, te whānuitanga o te pokanga me te wā whakaora, he tino take nui ēnei.
Ngā Mōrearea me Ngā Putanga o te Pokanga
Ka pērā anō te pokanga mate pukupuku ū ki ētahi atu pokanga, arā, he mōrearea kei roto; ko ēnei ko:
Te puta o te mate urutā ki te wāhi pokanga
Te toto me te hanga hematoma
Te kohikohi wai ki te wāhi pokanga (seroma)
Ngā hē āhua i te wā poto, wā roa rānei
Te mōrearea o te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu wāhi, i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te puku
Ka rerekē ngā putanga i runga i te hauora o te tangata, te pakeke me ētahi atu mate. Ko te aro turuki tata me te whai i ngā tohutohu a te rata, he mea matua ki te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea.
Ngā Mea Hei Whakarongo Ake i muri i te Pokanga
He mea nui te whakatā, te tiaki i te pokanga me ngā arowhai a te rata i muri i te pokanga. Me karo hoki i te kai paipa me te waipiro, me whai kai taurite, hauora, me te korikori tinana māmā ia rā. Ina hiahiatia, me rapu tautoko hinengaro hei māmā i te wā whakaora, hei whakapiki hoki i te kounga o te oranga o te tūroro.
Ka rerekē te roa o te wā whakaora i runga i te hauora whānui o te tūroro, te momo pokanga me ngā putanga i puta. Ka tukuna te nuinga o ngā tūroro ki te kāinga i roto i ētahi rā, engari ka roa pea i ētahi wiki kia tino ora.
Te Whakarite i te Tirotiro Auau me te Tirotiro Mate
Ko te tirotiro ā-ringa auau me te mamokarapi i ngā wā i taunakitia, he tino mea nui mō te kite wawe i te mate pukupuku ū. Ina koa, mō te hunga he hītori mate pukupuku ū i roto i te whānau, he mōrearea rānei, me haere tonu ki ngā arowhai i te auau i whakaritea e te rata.
Kaua e wareware, ehara i te mea ko ia pokepoke, panonitanga rānei i te kiko ū he tohu mate pukupuku, engari me arotake tonu i te wā ka kitea he panonitanga. Mā konei ka taea te tīmata wawe i te rongoā mēnā e tika ana.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. He aha ngā tohu tino kitea o te mate pukupuku ū?
Ko te pokepoke kore mamae ka rongoa i te ū, i raro i te rīpene rānei, te rerenga o te māhunga ū, te matotoru o te kiri, te panonitanga āhua, te kōpiko o te māhunga ū me te panonitanga rahi o te ū, ko ēnei ngā tohu tino kitea.
2. Kia pehea te auau o te tirotiro ā-ringa i te ū?
Ia marama, i tētahi rā motuhake o te huringa wāhine, i te rā kua whakaritea rānei ia marama mō te hunga kua puta ki te wā o te kore huringa, me mahia tonutia.
3. I te aha te pakeke ka tīmata ai te mamokarapi?
I te nuinga o te wā, ka taunakitia kia tīmata i te 40 tau, kotahi i te tau mō ngā wāhine kāore he mōrearea. Mō te hunga he hītori mate pukupuku ū i te whānau, he mōrearea rānei, ka taea te tīmata wawe ake i raro i te tohutohu a te rata.
4. Āhea au ka ora i muri i te pokanga?
Ka tukuna te nuinga o ngā tūroro ki te kāinga i roto i ētahi rā, engari ka roa pea i ētahi wiki kia tino ora. Ka rerekē te wā whakaora i runga i te whānuitanga o te pokanga i mahia.
5. Kei reira tonu te mōrearea o te hoki mai o te mate i muri i te rongoā mate pukupuku ū?
I ētahi tūroro, ka taea te hoki mai o te mate; nō reira me haere tonu ki ngā arowhai a te rata me ngā hōtaka tirotiro i taunakitia.
6. He mōrearea te pokanga mate pukupuku ū?
Pērā i ngā pokanga katoa, he mōrearea kei roto (pērā i te mate urutā, te toto, me ētahi atu); heoi anō, mā ngā rōpū mātanga me te tiaki tika, ka taea te whakaiti i ēnei mōrearea.
7. He aha ētahi atu tikanga whakaahua hei utu mō te mamokarapi?
Ka taea te whakamahi i te hāngūoro me te MR, ina kore e mārama te whakaahua i te mamokarapi. Mā tō rata koe e tohu i te tikanga tino pai.
8. Ka taea te whakaora katoa i te mate pukupuku ū mēnā ka kitea wawe?
Ko te hunga ka kitea wawe te mate, ka whiwhi i te maimoatanga tika, he nui te tūmanako kia ora. I te wā tōmuri, ka uaua ake te maimoatanga, engari mā ngā tikanga hou ka taea te whakanui i te roa me te kounga o te oranga.
9. Ka pā te kai me te āhua noho ki te mōrea o te mate ū?
Ko te kai taurite, te korikori tinana auau, te whakaiti i te kai paipa me te waipiro ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te mōrea, engari kāore e taea te ārai katoa.
10. Ka kitea te mate ū anake ki ngā wāhine?
Ka kitea anō te mate ū ki ngā tāne ahakoa he onge; me rapu āwhina rātou ki te rata mēnā ka kite rātou i te rerekētanga, i te pupuhi rānei i te kiko ū.
11. He tohu mate pukupuku tonu te rerenga mai i te ū?
Kāore ngā rerenga katoa i te ū e tohu ana i te mate pukupuku; tērā pea nā te huringa homoni, nā te mate urutā rānei. Engari me arotake ngā rerenga toto, ngā rerenga kotahi taha rānei.
12. Ka taea te pokanga ātaahua i muri i te pokanga ū?
Mēnā e tika ana, ka taea te aromātai i ngā kōwhiringa pokanga onkoplastik, hangahanga hou rānei i te ū.
13. He aha te pokanga kōpura kōwhai me te take e mahia ai?
Mā tēnei tukanga e kitea ai ngā kōpura lymph tuatahi ka horapa te mate, ā, ka tangohia mēnā e tika ana. Mā konei ka mōhiotia te horapa o te mate, ka whakaritea hoki te mahere maimoatanga.
14. Me māharahara au mēnā ka roa te putanga o te hua pathological?
I ētahi wā ka roa te puta o ngā hua pathological. Ka tae mai ngā hua, ka whakamārama tō rata i te tukanga ki a koe.
15. He mea tika te tautoko hinengaro i muri i te tautuhinga mate ū?
Ka pāngia pea ki ngā uauatanga kare ā-roto i muri i te tautuhi. Mā te rapu tautoko i ngā mātanga ka māmā ake te wā whakaora me te urutau.
Ngā Rauemi
Te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO): Puka kōrero mō te mate ū
Te Rōpū Mate Pukupuku o Amerika (American Cancer Society): Tirohanga whānui ki te mate ū
Te Kāreti Rongoā Irirangi o Amerika (ACR): Aratohu Mammography
Te Rōpū Onkology Rongoā o Uropi (ESMO): Aratohu Mahi Haumanu mō te Mate Ū
CDC (Ngā Pokapū mō te Whakahaere me te Ārai Mate): Mōhiohio mō te Mate Ū