Panik Atak: Ngā Tohu, Ngā Pūtake me Ngā Ara Tautoko
He aha te Panik Atak?
Ko te panik atak he āhuatanga e puta ohorere ana, e whakaatu ana i te mataku nui, te māharahara me ngā tohu ā-tinana, ā, ka taea te pā kino ki te oranga o te tangata i ia rā. I te wā o te atak, he maha ngā tāngata ka rongo pēnei kei te pāngia rātou e te mate manawa, ka mataku ki te mate, ki te ngaro rānei te mana whakahaere i a rātou anō. Ahakoa he tokomaha kua wheako i te panik atak kotahi, neke atu rānei i te oranga, ka kīia he "mate āwangawanga panik" ina ka auau, ka puta he māharahara nui ki te tangata.
He aha te Tikanga o te Panik Atak?
Ko te mate āwangawanga panik me te panik atak he mate e kitea nuitia ana i te rongoā hinengaro. Ko te mate āwangawanga panik e tohu ana i ngā panik atak e hoki anō ana i ngā wā kāore e taea te matapae. E ai ki ngā paerewa aromatawai (DSM-5), ko te panik atak he ngaru o te mataku nui me te rangirua e kaha ana i roto i ngā meneti ruarua noa iho.
I te nuinga o ngā panik atak, ka kitea ngātahi ēnei tohu ā-tinana, ā-wairua hoki:
Te tere o te manawa, te pakari rānei o te manawa
Te uaua ki te hā, te poto o te hā, te tere o te hā
Te mamae, te pēhanga rānei i te uma
Te werawera, te wiri, te makariri, te pāmahana nui rānei
Te āmaimai, te rangirua, te rongo ka hinga
Te mamae puku, te ruaki
Te memeha, te koretake o te rongo
Te rongo kāore i te mōhio ki te taiao, ki a ia anō (derealization, depersonalization)
Te mataku ki te mate, te ngaro o te mana whakahaere, te rongo ka porangi
Ahakoa kāore e tino mōrearea te panik atak ki te oranga, he tino whakararuraru, he mataku hoki; ka taea te pā kino ki te kounga o te oranga. He mea nui kia mōhiotia ngā amuamu, kia mōhiotia hoki ka taea te whakahaere tika.
He aha ngā Take o te Panik Atak?
Kāore anō kia tino mārama ngā take o te panik atak, ā, he maha ngā āhuatanga pērā i te ira, te āhua o te roro, te hinengaro me te taiao ka hono mai. Ka taea te piki o te tūponotanga ki te panik atak nā te ira, te hītori ā-whānau, te tino taumaha, te whara, te mate āwangawanga hoki. Ka taea hoki te rerekē o ngā matū roro pērā i te serotonin me te norepinephrine te whai wāhi. I ētahi tāngata, ka puta te panik atak ahakoa kāore he take mārama.
He Aha Ngā Tohu o te Panik Atak?
He pānga nui te panik atak ki te whakahohe nui o te urupare "whawhai, oma rānei" i te tinana. I te nuinga o te wā, ka tīmata te atak ahakoa kāore he take, ka kaha i roto i te 10 meneti, ā, ka heke haere i muri mai.
Ko ngā tohu e kīia nuitia ana:
Te mamae uma me te pēhanga
Te uaua ki te horomi
Te poto o te hā/te tere o te hā
Te tere o te manawa
Te rongo ka hinga
Te pāmahana nui/makariri/wiri
Te werawera
Te ruaki, te mamae puku
Te memeha, te koretake o te rongo
Te mataku ki te mate, te rongo kāore i te pono
He maha ka tīmata te mate āwangawanga panik i te wā taitamariki, ā, he nui ake te kitea ki ngā wāhine i ngā tāne. Ka rerekē te āhua me te kaha o ngā atak i ia tangata. I ētahi, ka puta te māharahara nui mō te atak hou i muri i te atak, ā, he tohu pea tēnei mō te whanaketanga o te mate āwangawanga panik.
Pehea Te Kitea o te Panik Atak i ngā Tamariki?
Ka kitea te panik atak ki ngā tamariki me ngā tohu ā-tinana pērā i ngā pakeke; heoi, ka uaua ngā tamariki ki te whakamārama i ō rātou amuamu. Ka whai wāhi te ira, ngā pānga o te oranga taumaha, te tino māharahara me ngā rerekētanga mahi i ētahi wāhanga o te roro ki te whanaketanga o te panik atak i ngā tamariki. He maha, ka puta te māharahara mō ngā atak hou i muri i ngā wheako kino.
He Aha Ngā Panik Atak o te Pō?
Kāore e puta noa te panik atak i te ao, engari ka taea te puta i ngā wā hohonu o te moe. I ngā panik atak o te pō; ka oho ohorere i te mataku, te tino māharahara, te tere o te manawa, te werawera, te wiri, te poto o te hā me te raru puku. Ka taea ēnei atak te whakararuraru i te moe, te pā kino ki te kounga o te oranga.
Pehea Te Whanaketanga o te Panik Atak?
Kāore e tino mōrearea te panik atak ki te oranga; heoi, ka rite ngā tohu ki te mate manawa, te mate huarahi hā rānei. Nō reira, i te atak tuatahi, he mea tika kia tirohia e te hāpori hauora kia kore ai he raru hauora kei raro i te mata.
E ai ki ngā ariā, ka whai wāhi te koretake o ngā matū roro pērā i te "GABA", te serotonin me te cortisol. Kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau kia mārama ai ngā tukanga e whai wāhi ana ki ngā atak.
He Aha Ngā Āhuatanga Tūraru mō te Panik Atak?
Ka taea te panik atak te puta ki te tangata ahakoa te wā. Ko ngā āhuatanga tūraru ko ēnei:
Te ira me te hītori ā-whānau
Te wahine
Te wā taitamariki (ina koa te 25 tau)
Ngā pānga taumaha o te oranga (te tangihanga, te wehenga, te tukino i te tamarikitanga)
Ngā matū (ētahi rongoā, te kawhe, te waipiro, te whakamahi matū)
Te āhua hinengaro (te whakamā, te hihiri, te manukanuka, te āhua rohe)
Ngā mea whakaoho o te taiao me ngā āhuatanga tangata
Pehea Te Pānga o te Panik Atak ki te Oranga?
Mēnā kāore e rongoāhia te panik atak, ka taea te pā kino ki te kounga me te mahi o te tangata i te wā roa. Ka taea te karo i ngā wāhi pāpori, te rapu tautoko hauora tonutia, te heke o te mahi, te kura, te pānga ki te pouri, ngā mate āwangawanga kē atu me te piki o te whakamahi matū. I ētahi, ka puta te agoraphobia nā te karo i ngā wāhi kikii, kati rānei.
He Pehea Te Roa o te Panik Atak?
He rerekē te roa o ia panik atak. I te nuinga o te wā ka kaha i roto i te 10–30 meneti, he onge ka roa ki te hāora kotahi. Ka rerekē te auau me te roa o ngā atak i ia tangata; ka taea te atak kotahi, te maha rānei, te hoki anō hoki.
Pehea Te Tautuhi i te Panik Atak?
Nā te mea ka rite ngā tohu o te panik atak ki ētahi atu raru hauora, me aromatawai whānui e te rata. Mā te hiko manawa (EKG), ngā whakamātautau mahi thyroid, te tatau toto katoa me ngā whakamātautau mahi hā ka taea te karo i ngā take ā-tinana. Ka whai muri te aromatawai i te hītori hinengaro-pāpori o te tangata me te whakamahi i ngā paerewa pērā i te DSM-5. Ehara i te mea ka tautuhia te mate āwangawanga panik ki ia tangata kua wheako panik atak, engari mēnā he atak hoki anō, kāore e taea te whakamārama, me te māharahara tonu, ka whakapaetia te mate āwangawanga panik.
Me kore ngā atak e whakamārama i te whakamahi matū, rongoā rānei, te mate ā-tinana, ngā mate hinengaro kē atu rānei. Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka tautuhia te mate e te tohunga hauora hinengaro.
He Aha Me Mahi i te Wā o te Panik Atak?
I te wā o te atak, he pai kia aro te tangata ki te whakatā. Me hā hohonu, āta hoki, me whakamātau i ngā tikanga pērā i te "4-7-8 hā hohonu", me kimi wāhi haumaru ake, me tono tautoko i tētahi hoa tata, whānau rānei. Me aro ki te hā tae noa ki te mutu o te atak, me te whakarerekē i ngā whakaaro kino. Mēnā he maha ngā atak, me rapu tautoko ngaio.
Ngā Ara Hei Whakahaere i te Panik Atak
Hei whakahaere i ngā panik atak, ka taea ēnei rautaki:
Te hā hohonu, āta hoki
Te whakamahi i ngā kupu whakamarie (hei tauira, "He wā poto noa tēnei")
Te wehe atu i ngā wāhi haruru, kikii rānei, me noho ki te wāhi marino
Te tono tautoko i tētahi hoa, whānau rānei
Te mahi hākinakina, te whakangā, te whakamahi tikanga whakatā
Mēnā e tika ana, me rapu tautoko ngaio i te kaihaumanu, te rata hinengaro rānei
He Aha Te Mea Pai mō te Panik Atak?
He rerekē ngā ara hei whakatā i a koe: ngā mahi hā hohonu, ngā tikanga whakatā, te tīmata yoga, te whakamātau aromatherapy, te inu tī rongoā rānei ka whai hua ki ētahi. Heoi, ko te ara tino whai hua mō te wā roa, ko te ako i ngā tikanga psychotherapy tika me te rapu tautoko rongoā mēnā e tika ana, mā te mahi tahi me te tohunga.
Ngā Tikanga Hou i te Rongoā Panik Atak
Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate āmaimai ka whakahaerehia mā te rongoā hinengaro me te/te rongoā hoki. Ko te taunakitanga tino whai hua i te wāhi o te rongoā hinengaro, nō te rongoā whanonga whakaaro (CBT). Ka āwhina te CBT kia mārama te tangata ki ngā pūnaha kei raro i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā whakaaro i te wā o te āmaimai, ā, ka whakawhanake i ngā rautaki whakahaere. I te maimoatanga rongoā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rongoā patu pōuritanga, ā, i ētahi wā, ngā rongoā whakangā poto. Ka whakaritea e tō rata te mahere maimoatanga kia hāngai ki ngā amuamu e whanake ana. Ka taea te rongo i te pānga o ngā rongoā i muri i ētahi wiki, ā, me whai tonu te aroturuki i te roanga o te maimoatanga.
Ngā Painga o ngā Korikori Hā me ngā Korikori Whakawātea
I te wā o te āmaimai, ka tere, ka papaku hoki te manawa, nō reira ka taea te whakangā i te tinana mā ngā korikori manawa. Mā te manawa hōhonu mō te 4 hēkona, pupuri mō te 1 hēkona, ā, tukuna mā te 4 hēkona, ka whai hua pea te korikori. Waihoki, mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakawātea uaua ā-wāhanga ka taea te āwhina ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu o te āmaimai.
Te Tūranga o te Hipnosis me te Korikori Tinana
Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga rongoā hinengaro rerekē, ka taea te tautoko i ētahi tāngata mā te hipnoterapi. Waihoki, mā te korikori tinana auau (hei tauira, te hīkoi māmā, te kauhoe) ka taea te whakapai ake i ētahi toenga matū i te roro, ā, ka taea te whakatūpato i te āhua o te wairua.
Te Tautoko i te Hunga e Pāngia ana e te Āmaimai
I te wā o te āmaimai, he mea nui kia noho marino ki te taha o te tangata, kaua e whakawā, whakamahia he reo ngākau māhaki, he reo tautoko hoki. Arotahi ki te whakarite kia noho haumaru te tangata i muri i te pānga o te āmaimai. Ki te hiahiatia, āwhinatia kia mahia ngā korikori manawa, ngā tikanga tautoko rānei kua whakamahia i mua.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. He ōrite te āmaimai me te mate āmaimai?
Kāo. Ko te āmaimai he āhuatanga ka tīmata ohorere, ka whai i te mataku me ngā tohu ā-tinana; ko te mate āmaimai he wā ka maha, ka auau hoki ngā āmaimai, ā, ka tino pā kino ki te oranga o te tangata.
2. Ka taea te whakapohewa i te āmaimai me te mate manawa?
Āe. Ka taea te rongo i ngā tohu ōrite pērā i te mamae uma, te patupatu o te manawa, me te koretake o te manawa. Ko te āmaimai he wā poto, he mea hinengaro anake; ko te mate manawa he āhuatanga hauora ohotata. Mēnā koinei te wā tuatahi e puta ana ngā tohu, he tino kaha rānei, me rapu tonu i te rata.
3. Ka taea te mutu aunoa o te āmaimai?
He maha ngā wā ka mimiti haere te kaha o te āmaimai i te wā, ā, ka mutu aunoa i roto i te wā poto. Engari mēnā ka auau, ka pā kino rānei ki tō kounga oranga, me rapu āwhina ngaio.
4. He aha ngā āhuatanga ka whakaoho i te āmaimai?
He maha ngā wā ka whakaohohia e te taumahatanga nui, ngā pānga mamae, te kore moe, te nui o te kawhe, te waipiro rānei. I ētahi wā, ka puta noa te āmaimai ahakoa kāore he take mārama.
5. Me pēhea te mahi i te korikori manawa hōhonu?
Noho i te tūnga whakangā, manawa hōhonu mā te ihu mō te 4 hēkona, pupuri mō te 1 hēkona, ā, tukuna mā te waha mō te 4 hēkona. Mā te whakahoki i tēnei huringa i ētahi wā ka whakangā.
6. Ka taea te whakakore i te āmaimai katoa?
Mā ngā maimoatanga tika me/te rongoā hoki, ka taea te whakaiti i te auautanga me te kaha o te āmaimai. He mea nui kia ū ki te maimoatanga, kia ako hoki i te whakahaere i te taumahatanga.
7. Ka pā te āmaimai ki ngā tamariki?
Āe. Ka kitea te āmaimai i ngā tamariki pēnei i ngā pakeke. Ka whakaatu ngā tamariki i ō rātou māharahara mā ngā tohu ā-tinana pēnei i te mamae puku, te āmaimai rānei.
8. Āhea me haere ki te hōhipera i te wā o te āmaimai?
Mēnā koinei te wā tuatahi e rongo ana koe i ngā tohu tino mārama, tino kaha rānei, ka rongo rānei koe he raru hauora nui tōu, me haere tonu ki tētahi whare hauora.
9. He whai hua ngā tī rongoā me te rongoā kakara mō te āmaimai?
Mō ētahi tāngata, ka whakangā pea ngā tī rongoā (hei tauira, te kamomila) me te rongoā kakara; engari kāore ēnei e taea te whakakapi i ngā tohutohu a te rata.
10. Me tino whakamahi i te rongoā?
Ehara mō te katoa, engari mō te hunga e pā ana ki te āmaimai auau, kaha hoki, ka taea te āwhina e te rongoā. Me whakatau te maimoatanga tika me tētahi ngaio hauora hinengaro.
11. He aha atu ngā rongoā hinengaro whai hua i tua atu i te CBT?
Ka whai hua ngā rongoā kōrero, ngā tikanga whakawātea, me te hipnoterapi mō ētahi tāngata.
12. Ka taea te ārai i te āmaimai mā te korikori tinana?
Ka tautoko te korikori tinana auau i te heke o te taumahatanga me te piki o te oranga whānui; ka taea hoki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te āmaimai.
13. Me pēhea te āwhina i tētahi e pā ana ki te āmaimai?
Noho marino, tautokohia te tangata, whakamahara atu he wā poto noa te āhuatanga. Tuku i ngā korikori āwhina, noho ki tōna taha kia mutu ra anō te tukanga.
Ngā Rauemi
Te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO) – Ngā Kaupapa Hauora Hinengaro
Te Rōpū Hinengaro o Amerika (APA) – Te Pukapuka Tātari me te Tatauranga o ngā Mate Hinengaro (DSM-5)
Te Whare Rangahau Mate Hinengaro o Amerika (NIMH) – Ngā Mōhiohio mō te Mate Āmaimai
Te Rōpū Mate Manukanuka me te Pōuritanga o Amerika (ADAA) – Rauemi mō te Āmaimai
Mayo Clinic – Ngā Āmaimai me te Mate Āmaimai
The Lancet Psychiatry; Mate manukanuka whānui me te mate āmaimai: ngā whanaketanga hou i te tātari me te whakahaere