Xam-xam ci boppam, ci bés bu nekk

Lanuy biir boog ci sabab yi? Yoon yu mayeek ci yeneen ak bu am solo laaj ndimbal jàmm?

Lanuy biir boog, ci xolal ak grip moo tax ci yeneen yu bari ci jafe-jafe yu am ci yeneen yoon yu am solo ci toppandoo yoon wi. Ba parfoa, man na am ba mu tax yeneen am jafe-jafe ci nopp, wax walla noppaliku ci am solo. Ci lu bari, lanuy biir boog man nañu ko jàmm ci kër gi ak yoon yu mayeek ci yeneen. Waaye bu mu am ci waxtu wu gëna yàgg, bu mu am solo walla bu mu dellu-dellu, man na am lu gën a am solo ci biir, te man na am solo ndimbal jàmm ci wàllu faj.

Lanuy biir boog mën na am, ci yeneen xaalis yi?

Lanuy biir boog; ci jamono yu noppaliku, ci xolal, ci yeneen yu am solo ci biir, moo tax, ci biir boog, ci yeneen yu am solo ci biir. Ci yeneen yu bari, moo tax ci yeneen yu bari ci toppandoo yoon wi. Ci lu bari, moo tax ci yeneen yu am solo (lu ëpp ci virus), ci yeneen yu am solo ci biir, ci yeneen yu am solo ci biir ak ci biir boog bi.

Lanuy biir boog man na am ci yeneen yu bari ci biir:

• Ci ginnaaw bakkan bi: Farenjit

• Ci bademcik yi, bu am suuf ak xonq: Tonsillit (bademcik iltihabı)

• Ci gırtlak bi: Larenjit

Lanuy biir boog ci sabab yi gëna bari?

Lanuy biir boog man na am ci sabab yu bari. Ci gëna am solo yi ni mel ni:

Virus yu am solo: Xolal, grip, COVID-19, mononükleoz, kızamık, suçiçeği, kabakulak ak yeneen virus yu bari lañu ci gëna bari.

Bakteri yu am solo: Streptokok bakteriler (lu ëpp ci xale yi) moo tax ci gëna bari; waaye ci lu bari, gonore, klamidya ak yeneen yu am solo ci toppandoo jafe-jafe yi man nañu tax lanuy biir boog.

Alerji: Polen, toz, xaj, küf ak yeneen yu am solo man nañu tax ci biir boog bi ci jamono yu am solo ci biir.

Faktör yu am solo ci biir: Noppaliku, niir ci biir, sigara dumanı, kimyasallar man nañu tax ci biir boog bi ci jamono yu am solo ci biir.

Reflü (Gastroözofageal Reflü Hastalığı): Mide asidi bu yéeg ci kaw, man na tax ci biir boog bi ak xolal.

Trauma ak yeneen yu bari: Wax ci baax, wax ci baax bu bari, walla bu am jafe-jafe ci biir boog bi man na tax lanuy biir boog.

Lanuy biir boog ci laaj yi, ci kan la gëna bari?

Lanuy biir boog ci lu bari:

• Ci jamono yu noppaliku,

• Ci biir boog bi, noppaliku, xolal,

• Suuf ak xonq,

• Parfoa ci wax bu am solo,

• Ak ci toppandoo ci xolal, tawat walla gëdd walla yeneen yu am solo ci biir.

Man na am ci kenn, waaye ci xale yi, ci ñi am jafe-jafe ci biir, ci ñi di sigara walla ci ñi di dëkk ci biir yu niir la gëna bari.

Lanuy biir boog ci yoon yu mayeek ci kër gi?

Ci lu bari ci lanuy biir boog, yeneen yu ci topp man nañu mayeek ci yeneen yu bari:

• Nañu naan ndox bu bari ak ndox bu tàng

• Nañu gargara ak ndox bu tàng ak tuz (ci ndox bu tàng bu njëkk, tuz bu ndaw)

• Nañu naan ataya bu tàng (ni papatya, adaçayı, zencefil, ekinezya, hatmi kökü)

• Nañu def melax ak limon (melax man nañu ko jox walla def ci ataya)

• Nañu jëfandikoo appareil humidificateur/nañu yokk humidité bi ci biir kër gi

• Nañu noppaliku wax ak biir boog bi, baaxul wax ci baax

• Nañu dëkk ci biir yu niir (bàyyi sigara dumanı)

Yeneen yu am solo ci wàllu garab (karanfil, zencefil, ekinezya) man nañu mayeek ci lanuy biir boog; waaye ñi am jafe-jafe ci biir, jigeen yu am ndaw walla ñi di jëfandikoo garab, war nañu laaj dockteur.

Lanuy ci lekk ci laaj yi?

Ngir mayeek ci lanuy biir boog;

• Nañu lekk soupe bu tàng, yaourt, purée, muhallebi ak lekk yu laata, yu gëna yomb ci noppaliku

• Nañu bàyyi lekk yu am poivre, acidité, lekk yu tàng bu bari walla yu sedd bu bari

• Nañu jëfandikoo vinaigre de pomme, melax (ci kàddu walla ci ndox bu tàng) ngir mayeek

Ail, ci wàllu antibakteriyel naturel, man na mayeek ci yeneen yu bari, waaye ñi am jafe-jafe ci biir war nañu jëfandikoo ko ak taxawal.

Lanuy biir boog ci yoon yu jàmm?

Ci lu am solo ci biir, yoon wi ci faj bi:

• Lanuy biir boog bu tax ci virus, ci lu bari, man na gëna baax ci boppam; antibiotique duñu mayeek

• Ci lanuy biir boog bu tax ci bakteri (ni strep boğaz), antibiotique bu dockteur jox nañu la, te ci lu bari 7-10 fan la

• Ngir mayeek ci xolal ak tawat, man nañu jëfandikoo paracetamol walla ibuprofen

• Ci lanuy biir boog bu tax ci alerji, antihistaminique man na mayeek

• Ci lanuy biir boog bu tax ci reflü, yoon yu mayeek ci mide asidi ak yeneen yu am solo ci lekk man nañu mayeek

Yeneen yu topp ci lanuy biir boog ak xaalis yi war nañu xam

Lanuy biir boog bu yàgg walla bu am solo; tawat bu am solo, jafe-jafe ci noppaliku/noppaliku bu am solo, suuf ci kaw walla ci gémmiñ, deret ci tànk, xolal bu am solo ci nopp, rash ci bakkan/kara, xolal ci yeneen yu am solo walla salive bu am solo, bu mel ni, war nañu dem ci dockteur ci waxtu wu baax.

Lanuy biir boog ci laaj yi ci diagnosis?

Dockteur dina déglu laaj yi, dina xool xaalis yi ak examen physique. Bu soxlay, test rapide antigen walla culture de gorge man nañu jëfandikoo ngir xam virus bi.

Lanuy biir boog ci xale yi: laaj yi ci xam?

Ci xale yi itam, lanuy biir boog ci lu bari moo tax ci infection, te ci lu bari, noppaliku, ndox bu bari ak garab bu baax man na mayeek. Waaye war nañu bàyyi asprin ci xale yi (risk Reye sendromu), te war nañu laaj dockteur bu xale.

Lanuy biir boog bu yàgg ci laaj yi?

Lanuy biir boog bu gëna yàgg walla bu dellu-dellu; infection bu yàgg, alerji, reflü, tumeur walla yeneen yu am solo man nañu tax. Ci waxtu wii, war nañu dem ci dockteur bu am solo ci wàllu faj.

Lanuy biir boog ak vaksen

Vaksen yu am solo ci grip ak yeneen virus, man nañu mayeek ci jàmm ci yeneen yu am solo ak ci lanuy biir boog. Ci wàllu streptokok, vaksen bu am solo ci askan wi amul, waaye ci wàllu jàmm, hygiene bu baax ak bàyyi dëkk ci biir yu bari la gëna am solo.

Lanuy biir boog ci laaj yi ci toppandoo ak jàmm

• Nañu def ci laaj yu baax ci loxo, ci dëkk ci biir yu bari nañu jëfandikoo désinfectant

• Nañu xam ci hygiene ci yeneen yu am solo ak ci biir

• Nañu lekk ci lekk bu baax ak sport bu baax

• Bàyyi sigara, bàyyi sigara dumanı

• Nañu def contrôle médical bu baax

Lanuy biir boog ak gëdd ci biir

Lanuy biir boog ak gëdd ci biir, ci lu bari, am nañu ci toppandoo yoon wi. Irritation ci biir boog bi man na tax gëdd. Gëdd bu yàgg walla bu am solo man na tax ci yeneen yu am solo ci biir.

Laaj yu bari ci lanuy biir boog

1. Lanuy biir boog ci fan yu bari la?
Ci lu bari, lanuy biir boog dina yàgg 5-7 fan ci kër gi ak yeneen yu mayeek. Waaye bu mu gëna yàgg 1 simaana walla bu mu gën a am solo, war nañu dem ci dockteur.

2. Lu tax lanuy biir boog ci noppaliku?
Infection, irritation, alerji, reflü walla lu am ci biir boog bi man na tax ci noppaliku. Ngir xam sabab bi ak faj bu baax, war nañu laaj dockteur.nerilir.

3. Banéen ci bitik bu nekk walla ataya yu neex ci loxo?
Papatya, adaçayı, zencefil, ısırgan otu, ekinezya, hatmi kökü ni bitik yu neex ci jàmmu loxo. Bu fekkee ngeen bëgg a jëfandikoo beneen bitik, war ngeen laaj ndawtalub fajkat.

4. Ci xaalis yu ni mel, banéen ci war a dem ci fajkat?
Bu amee jafe-jafe ci nopp, ci noppaliku, feebar bu tar, ndaxte baat, xol bu metti, deret ci tànk, baat bu metti, xel bu metti walla jafe-jafe yu gën a yàgg (juróom-ñaar fan walla gën), war nga dem ci fajkat.

5. Banéen ci war a def ci xale yu am loxo bu metti?
Ginnaaw atum xale bi, xaalisam ak ay simptomam, ndawtalub fajkat mooy am solo. Loolu, noppaliku, naan ndox ak jàmmu loxo bu baax doy na. Bul jox xale bi aspirin su fekkee fajkat du la laaj.

6. Banéen lekk ak naan yu neex ci loxo bu metti?
Lekk yu yàgg, yu sedd walla yu dal, yu du metti loxo (supu, yaatu, purée, mel, ataya yu bitik) la war a tann. War nga baaxal lekk yu metti ak yu acid.

7. Loxo bu metti bu yàgg, banéen ci la war a xam?
Infeksyon bu yàgg, allergie, reflü, sinüzit, walla tumor walla jafe-jafe ci baat, ñoom ñoo tax loxo bu metti bu yàgg.

8. Loxo bu metti, ndax mën na doon symptomu COVID-19?
Waaw, ci COVID-19 loxo bu metti dafa bari ci simptom yi; waaye loolu mën na am ci beneen feebar. Bu amee laaj, war nga laaj ndawtalub fajkat.

9. Su loxo bu metti ak tiss ci benn, banéen ci war a xam?
Lu bari, dafa am ci infeksyon yu ci kaw yoonu yaram. Waaye bu tiss bi yàgg, metti walla am deret, war nga dem ci fajkat ndax du baax.

10. Ndax grip ak beneen vaksen mën na yoree loxo bu metti?
Vaksen yu am ci grip ak beneen infeksyon viral mën na yoree risku feebar ak loxo bu metti.

11. Ndax war na jëfandikoo garab ci loxo bu metti?
Ginnaaw lu tax, garab yu yoree metti, garab yu allergie walla antibiotik ci ndigalu fajkat mën nañu jëfandikoo. Bu xaalis bi yàggul, garab du neex.

12. Banéen ci pastil ak spray ci loxo bu metti?
Pastil ak spray mën nañu yoree loxo bu metti ci kaw; waaye duñu fay jàmmu loxo. Mën nañu jëfandikoo ci ndigalu fajkat.

13. Banéen ci war a def ci jigeen bu am doom ci loxo bu metti?
Naan bu sedd, mel, gargara ak ndox bu sel, ak yoree ndox ci biir kër mën na yoree loxo bu metti ci jigeen bu am doom. Bu simptom yi metti, war nga laaj fajkat.

14. Banéen ci sigaar ak loxo bu metti?
Sigaar mën na metti loxo, dafa yoree jamono jàmmu loxo, dafa yoree infeksyon. Bu mën, bul sigaar ak paafu sigaar.

15. Loxo bu metti ci benn kaw, banéen ci la war a xam?
Loxo bu metti ci benn kaw mën na am ci bademcik, infeksyon bu ci kaw, jafe-jafe walla tumor, ci loolu ndawtalub fajkat mooy am solo.

Xibaar

• Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) – "Sore Throat" xibaar

• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – "Sore Throat: Causes & Treatment"

• Académie Américaine d’Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie (AAO-HNSF) – Guide d’Information pour les Patients

• Mayo Clinic – "Sore Throat" Xibaaru Nàmm

• British Medical Journal (BMJ) – "Diagnosis and management of sore throat in primary care"

Xamle bi ci xibaar rekk la; bu amee jafe-jafe ci yaram, war nga laaj fajkat.

What is Lung Cancer? What Are Its Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnostic Methods?

Lung cancer refers to malignant tumors that develop as a result of the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the lung tissue. These cells initially multiply in their local area, forming a mass. Over time, as the cancer progresses, it can spread to surrounding tissues and distant organs.

This disease is one of the most common and serious types of cancer worldwide. Since it usually does not show symptoms in the early stage, the disease is often at an advanced stage when diagnosed. Therefore, it is important for individuals at high risk to undergo regular check-ups and participate in screening programs.

General Information About Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is fundamentally a disease that arises from the abnormal proliferation of cells in the lung. The most common risk factors are smoking, long-term exposure to air pollution, asbestos, and radon gas.

Due to the prevalence of these risk factors, especially smoking, lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among both men and women in many countries. Although lung cancer detected at an early stage can be treated, treatment options and success are often more limited because it is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage.

What Symptoms Does Lung Cancer Most Frequently Present With?

Lung cancer symptoms generally develop in the later stages of the disease. Although it is often silent in the early period, the following complaints may appear over time:

• Persistent and progressively worsening cough

• Blood in sputum

• Constant hoarseness

• Difficulty swallowing

• Loss of appetite and weight loss

• Unexplained fatigue

Since these symptoms can also be observed in other lung diseases, it is essential to consult a specialist in case of suspicion.

How Do Lung Cancer Symptoms Change According to Stages?

Stage 0: Cancer cells are limited only to the innermost layer of the lung and usually do not cause symptoms; they are detected incidentally during routine examinations.

Stage 1: The tumor is still confined within the lung, with no spread. Mild cough, shortness of breath, or slight pain in the chest area may be observed. Successful results can be achieved with surgery at this stage.

Stage 2: The cancer may have reached deeper tissues in the lung or nearby lymph nodes. Complaints such as blood in sputum, chest pain, and fatigue are more common. In addition to surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy may be required.

Stage 3: The disease has spread to areas outside the lung and to lymph nodes. Persistent cough, pronounced chest pain, difficulty swallowing, significant weight loss, and severe fatigue may be seen. Treatment generally involves a combination of several methods.

Stage 4: The cancer has spread beyond the lung to other organs (for example, liver, brain, or bone). Advanced shortness of breath, severe fatigue, bone and headache, loss of appetite, and significant weight loss are typical. At this stage, treatment is aimed at controlling symptoms and improving quality of life.

What Are the Main Causes of Lung Cancer?

The most important risk factor is smoking. However, lung cancer can also occur in individuals who have never smoked. In general, a very large proportion of all lung cancers have been found to be related to smoking. Passive smoking, that is, indirect exposure to cigarette smoke, also significantly increases the risk.

Other risk factors include exposure to asbestos. Asbestos, a mineral resistant to heat and abrasion, was frequently used in the past. Today, exposure is mostly observed in occupational settings, especially during asbestos removal.

Additionally, air pollution, radon gas, ionizing radiation, lung diseases such as COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and familial predisposition can also increase the risk of developing lung cancer.

Are There Different Types of Lung Cancer?

Lung cancers are divided into two main groups according to the cell structures from which they originate:

Small cell lung cancer: Accounts for about 10-15% of all cases. It tends to grow rapidly and spread early, and is often associated with smoking.

Non-small cell lung cancer: Covers the vast majority of all lung cancers (about 85%). This group is divided into three common subtypes:

• Adenocarcinoma

• Squamous cell carcinoma

• Large cell carcinoma

Although the treatment response and course of non-small cell lung cancers are generally better, the stage of the disease and overall health status are important factors.

Factors and Risk Factors Leading to Lung Cancer

• Active smoking is the strongest trigger of the disease.

• In non-smokers, the risk also increases significantly due to passive smoking.

• Long-term exposure to radon gas is especially important in poorly ventilated buildings.

• Asbestos increases the risk in those exposed in occupational settings.

• Intense air pollution and exposure to industrial chemicals are also among the risk factors.

• A family history of lung cancer may increase personal risk.

• Having COPD or similar chronic lung diseases also adds additional risk.

How Is Lung Cancer Diagnosed?

Modern imaging techniques and laboratory tests are used in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Especially for individuals in risk groups, annual lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography may be recommended.

If there are clinical findings, chest X-ray, computed tomography, sputum analysis, and, if necessary, biopsy (taking a tissue sample) are among the standard diagnostic methods. Based on the data obtained, the stage, spread, and type of cancer are determined. After this stage, the most appropriate treatment approach is planned for the patient.

How Long Does It Take for Lung Cancer to Develop?

In lung cancer, it usually takes 5–10 years from the onset of abnormal cell proliferation to the disease becoming apparent. Due to this long development period, most people are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, regular check-ups and early screening are of great importance.

What Are the Treatment Options for Lung Cancer?

The treatment approach is determined according to the type and stage of the cancer and the general health status of the patient. In early stages, surgical removal of the tumor is often possible. In advanced stages, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these may be preferred. Which treatment will be applied is planned specifically for the individual by a multidisciplinary team.

Surgery is an effective option, especially in early stages and in cases with limited spread. Depending on the size and location of the tumor, a part of the lung or the entire lung may be removed. Treatments applied in advanced stages mostly aim to slow the progression of the disease and reduce symptoms.

The Importance of Regular Screening and Early Diagnosis

If lung cancer can be detected by screening before symptoms develop, treatment success and survival rates can increase significantly. Especially in people aged 50 and over who smoke, annual screening can help detect the disease early. If you think you are in a risk group, it is important to consult a specialist and participate in an appropriate screening program.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What are the first symptoms of lung cancer?

Persistent cough, blood in sputum, hoarseness, and shortness of breath are usually among the first warning signs. If you have these complaints, consult a doctor.

Is lung cancer seen only in smokers?

No. Although smoking is the main risk factor, the disease can also develop in people who have never smoked. Passive smoking, genetic, and environmental factors also play a role.

Lung

Ci ay baat yi, ci waa kër yu am jafe-jafe génétique, risk bi man naa yokk. Waaye, loolu loolu, ay xaalis yu bare dañu am ci sigaar ak ay mbir yu am ci wàllu mbedd mi.

Naka lañu man a wéy akciğer kanser bi ci jamono bu jëm ci kan?

Waaw, bu ñu jàppale ci jamono bu jëm ci kan ak jàmmu jàmm, mën naa am wér gu mat. Loolu tax na ni jàmmu jàmm ci jamono bu jëm ci kan mooy moom njaboot.

Naka lañu mën a xam xaalis bi ci kan?

Evrelendirme, ci ay xoolu biir ak bu soxla, ci ay biopsie, lañu xam ni xaalis bi dafa yàgg ak ni ay organ yu jëm ci kan dañu am.

Naka lañu man a jàpp ni mooy beneen xel?

Bronchite bu yàgg, pneumonia walla infeksyon ci akciğer man naa am ay alal yu mel ni ay simptom yu mel. Ngir xam bu baax, ay xoolu yu gën a jëm ci kan la soxla.

Naka la akciğer kanser bi, ndax dafa metti ci jàmm?

Ay jàmm yu jëm ci kan, ci xaalis bi ak ci xaalat bu jëm ci njàng mi, dañu bari. Ci beneen yoon, jàmm bu mën a jàpp ci nit ku nekk la soxla.

Naka lañu mën a jàppale ngir akciğer kanser bi?

Bul naan sigaar ak ay mbir yu am ci tütün, bul jàpp ci ndax sigaar, jàppale ci ay liggéey yu am risk, ak ci jàmmu jàmm ci jamono yu jëm ci kan, dañu am solo.

Naka la akciğer kanser bi, ci ay at yu mel ni?

Gëna ni 50 at ak gën, ci mag yi lañu gise, waaye ci at bu nekk man naa am. Ndax sigaar, risk bi yokk na.

Naka lañu mën a yokk kàttan ci nit ñi am akciğer kanser?

Waaw, ci jamono jii, ay jàmm ak jàmmu jàmm yu jëm ci kan ak jàmmu jàmm yu jëm ci jàmm, man naa yokk kàttan.

Naka lañu mën a jàppale ci screening ci akciğer kanser?

Ndax nit ñi naan sigaar ci at yu bari, 50 at ak gën, ak ay risk yu mel, screening bu jëm ci kan lañu jàppale.

Naka la nit ñi ci kër mën a jàppale ci jàmm?

Jàmmu jàmm ak jàmmu xel, ci jamono jàmm ak ci jamono bu jëm ci kan, man naa yokk kàttan ci nit ki.

Naka la akciğer kanser bi, ndax opération bi dafa am risk?

Ni ci opération yu nekk, am na ay risk. Bu ñu xoolu ci kan ak jàmm bu baax, risk bi man naa gën a néew.

Naka la "akıllı ilaç" ci jàmm?

Ci ay tur yu mel ni akciğer kanser, ay jàmm yu jëm ci kan yu jàpp ci tumor lañu jëfandikoo. Sa doctor man naa jàppale loolu ci xoolu génétique tumor bi.

Naka la akciğer kanser bi, bu ñu jàmmul?

Bu ñu jàmmul, kanser bi man naa gën a yàgg, di yokk ay jafe-jafe ci organ yu am solo. Jàmmu jàmm ak jàmmu jàmm ci jamono bu jëm ci kan la soxla.

Man yi

• Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO): Lung Cancer

• Amerikan Kanser Derneği (American Cancer Society): Lung Cancer

• ABD Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezleri (CDC): Lung Cancer

• Avrupa Tıbbi Onkoloji Derneği (ESMO): Lung Cancer Guidelines

• National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN): Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology – Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

• Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA): Lung Cancer Screening and Early Detection

Kàddu Yaramu Xol, Ndimbal yi ak Liggéey yu Jot ci Jamono jii?

Yaramu xol mooy xaalis bu am solo, bu xol bi amul oxigène ak nafa bu mu soxla, te am na solo ngir jàppale, te dafa laaj ndimbal bu mat. Ci tibb bi, loolu ñu koy wax myocardial infarctus, loolu dafa am ci lu ëpp solo ndax xol bi dina am lu mu jëkk ci koroner yu xol bi. Ndimbal bii, dafa am ndax lu mel ni plaque yu xëy, cholesterol ak yeneen lu metti yu noppi ci kaw xol bi, bu ñu toogee walla bu kanam bi amee ci kaw, dina tax xol bi du am dara walla am dara bu ndaw. Bu ñu xamée ndimbal bi ak ndimbal bu baax, man nañu def lu bare ngir yaramu xol bi du am dara bu metti.

Ndimbal bu Xol ak Ndimbal yu Jot ci Kawam

Yaramu xol; mooy bu xol bi amul oxigène bu mu soxla, te yaramu xol bi dina metti. Loolu dafa am ci lu ëpp solo ndax koroner yu xol bi dina metti walla dina toog ci kanam. Plaque yu xëy yu noppi ci kaw xol bi, bu ñu toogee dina metti xol bi, bu ñu toogee ci kaw dina tax kanam bi du am dara. Bu ndimbal bii du gën a yomb a wóor, yaramu xol bi dina metti, te xol bi du am sañ-sañam, mooy yaramu xol bu metti. Yaramu xol mooy li gën a metti ci àdduna si. Ci réew yu bare, yaramu xol mooy li gën a jàppale ci dee, gën na ci lu am ci accident yu auto.

Ndimbal yu Gën a Am ci Yaramu Xol

Ndimbal yu yaramu xol man nañu wéy ci nit ku nekk, te man nañu am ci lu dul wóor. Ndimbal yu gën a am ni:

• Xol bu metti walla xol bu metti: Ci diggante xol bi, dina am lu mel ni dox, metti, safara walla lu metti; bu baaxee dina yàgg ci loxol cammooñ, baat, baak, ginnaaw walla ci ndigg.

• Manul am yaram: Man na am ci xol bu metti walla ci boppam.

• Yaram bu saf: Bu saf ak yaram bu saf bu metti mooy lu am solo.

• Yaram bu ñàkk doole ak ñàkk doole: Bu amee ci fan yu jëm ci kanam, bu baaxee ci jigéen ñi la gën a am.

• Góor-góorlu walla yaram bu metti

• Yaram bu metti, yaram bu metti walla yaram bu metti

• Xol bu metti bu dul am ci liggéey

• Xol bu metti bu gën a gaaw walla bu dul am ci jamono

• Ginnaaw, loxo walla ndigg bu metti, bu baaxee ci jigéen ñi la gën a am.

• Xol bu metti bu dul am ndimbal walla yaram bu metti

• Nopp, tànk walla tànk bu metti (bu baaxee ci jamono yu mujj) Ndimbal yii man nañu am ci ndaw, man nañu am ci lu metti. Bu xol bu metti ak manul am yaram amee ci ndawi waxtu, walla bu ñëwee, war nga wut ndimbal bu tibb.

Ndimbal yu Yaramu Xol ci Nit yu Yàgg ak Jigéen ñi

Ci jigéen ñi ak ndaw ñi, yaramu xol man na am ci dul xol bu metti. Ci jigéen ñi, ñàkk doole, ginnaaw bu metti, yaram bu metti, nelaw bu metti ak yaram bu metti la gën a am. Ci nit yu yàgg walla ci nit yu am diabète, xol bu metti man na am ci ndaw, bu baaxee doole bu metti walla manul am yaram mooy ndimbal bu jëkk.

Ci guddi walla ci nelaw, xol bu metti, xol bu metti, yaram bu saf ak yaram bu metti man nañu am ci nelaw, te man nañu jàppale ci yaramu xol bu nelaw.

Ndimbal yu Gën a Jàppale ci Yaramu Xol

Ci yaramu xol, ndimbal yu bare lañu am, te ndimbal yii dafa am ci nit ku nekk. Ndimbal yu gën a am ni:

• Sigaar ak tubaab yu xew

• Kolesterol bu gën a kawe (bu baaxee LDL kolesterol)

• Tensiyon bu gën a kawe (hypertension)

• Diabète (xol bu metti)

• Mbagg ak manul am yaram

• Lepp bu dul baax (lepp bu am bu metti ak trans bu metti, lepp bu am bu metti ak lepp bu am bu metti)

• Ci kër gi, nit ku am yaramu xol bu jëkk

• Yaram bu metti ak yaram bu metti

• Yaram bu yàgg (risk bi dina gën a kawe ak jamono)

• Góor (waaye ci jigéen ñi ci jamono ju mujj risk bi dina gën a kawe) Ndimbal yu tibb (C-reaktif protein, homosistein) man nañu jàppale ci risk bi. Ci tibb bu jamono jii, ci nit yu am mbagg, ndimbal yu tibb ak ndimbal yu jamono man nañu jàppale ci risk bi.

Naka lañu Jàppale Yaramu Xol?

Ci jàppale yaramu xol, lu gën a am mooy xam ndimbal yu nit ki ak ndimbal bu mu am. Ci kanam, ndimbal yii lañu def:

• Electrocardiographie (EKG): Ci jamono jii dina jàppale ci xol bi.

• Test yu deret: Bu baaxee troponin ak enzyme yu xol bi dina jàppale ci jàppale bi.

• Echocardiographie: Dina jàppale ci xol bi ak ndimbal yu xol bi.

• Bu soxla, xool ak xool bu jamono, walla xool bu jamono man nañu jàppale ci ndimbal bi.

• Coronary angiography: Dina jàppale ci xol bi ak ndimbal bi, te ci jamono jii man nañu def ndimbal bu baax. Ci jamono jii, bu soxla, man nañu def balloon angioplasty walla stent ngir xol bi.

Lu War a Def ci Jàmm ci Yaramu Xol

Ci nit ku am ndimbal yu yaramu xol, waxtu am na solo. Ci jamono jii, ndimbal yii lañu war a def:

• War nañu woowee ndimbal bu tibb (ambulance walla ndimbal bu tibb)

• Nit ki war na toog ci boppam, manul am yaram

• Bu mu nekk ci boppam, war na bàyyi bunt bi ubbiku walla wut ndimbal ci ñeneen

• Bu ndimbal bi jàppale ci kanam, man na jëfandikoo nitroglycerin bu tibb

• Ba ndimbal bu tibb ñëw, war nañu toog, manul am yaram ak yaram bu metti War nañu def ndimbal bu gaaw ak bu baax, ngir yaramu xol bi du am dara bu metti te man nañu dund.

Liggéey yu Jot ci Jamono jii ci Yaramu Xol

Ci tibb bu jamono jii, liggéey ci yaramu xol, dina jàpp ci ndimbal bi, ndimbal bu mu am ak ndimbal yu mu am. Liggéey bi dafa am ci ndimbal yii:

• Ndimbal bu gaaw ngir xol bi ak ndimbal bu deret lañu jëfandikoo

• Ci jamono jii, ndimbal bu koroner (angioplasty, stent) la gën a am

• Bu soxla, by-pass surgery man nañu def ngir jàppale xol bi

• Bu ndimbal bu metti wéyee, nit ki war na def ndimbal bu baax, jëfandikoo ndimbal bu tibb ak jàppale ndimbal yu mu am

• Bàyyi sigaar, lekk bu baax, def liggéey bu baax, jàppale yaram bu metti ak jàppale diabète ak hypertension la gën a am Ci jamono jii, nit ñi war nañu topp ndimbal yu tibb ak ndimbal yu xol bi, te war nañu def ndimbal bu baax.

Lu Man a Jàppale ngir Dàq Yaramu Xol?

Risk bi ci yaramu xol, ci jamono yu bare, man nañu def ndimbal bu baax ngir wàññi ko:

• Bàyyi sigaar ak tubaab

• Lekk bu am bu ndaw, lekk bu am vegetables ak lekk bu am bu ndaw, lekk bu am bu metti ak lekk bu am bu metti

• Def liggéey bu baax; ci jamono jii, 150 minutes ci week lañu jëfandikoo

• Jàppale tensiyon ak deret bu metti; bu soxla, jëfandikoo ndimbal bu tibb

• Bu am mbagg, wut ndimbal bu tibb ngir yaram bu baax

• Jàppale yaram bu metti ak jàppale yaram bu metti Ndimbal yii, ci àdduna si, dina jàppale ci wàññi dee ci yaramu xol.

Lañu Laaj ci Yaramu Xol

Ci ban jamono la yaramu xol gën a am?

Risk bi ci yaramu xol dina gën a kawe ak jamono. Waaye ndimbal yu kër, diabète, sigara jëfandikukat ak ci wàllu dund ak yeneen mbir, am na it ci ndaw yu mag.

Naka la man a am benn xol bu xewul ci xol, ba amul xol bu metti?

Waaw. Ndaxte, ci jigéen yi, ñi am xaru sukër ak mag ñi, xol bu xewul man na am ci kaw xol bu metti. War nañu seetlu ay alal yu mel ni gëdd, yàggu ci xol, fëggu walla xol bu metti ci ginnaaw.

Naka la man a am xol bu xewul ci guddi walla bi nga nekk ci nelaw?

Waaw, xol bu xewul man na am ci nelaw walla ci suba. Ñi nekk ci nelaw te xol bu metti, xol bu fés walla xol bu yàggu di yégle, war nañu yóbbu seen bopp ci jàmmu fajkat ba ci kanam.

Naka la ay alal yu xol bu xewul ci jigéen yi di wérante ak ay góor?

Ci jigéen yi, ci boppam xol bu metti du mel ni ci góor yi, waaye man na am ay alal yu mel ni gëdd, xol bu metti ci ginnaaw ak ci biir, yàggu ci xol, fëggu.

Naka la ay xaalis yu man a wérante ak xol bu xewul?

Ay xew-xew yu biir, xol bu metti ci wàllu xol, xol bu metti ci wàllu yaram, reflux ak xol bu metti ci wàllu yaram man nañu am ay alal yu mel ni xol bu xewul. Bu amee lu xam-xam du am, war nañu jàmmu fajkat.

Naka la man a jëfandikoo aspirin bi nga am xol bu xewul?

Su fajkat bi la ko sant ak su amuloo allergie, man na neex ci ay xaalis, ba fajkat bi ñëw, nga naan aspirin ci bopp. Waaye ci jamono yépp, war nañu jàmmu fajkat.

Naka la man a wér ci xol bu xewul ba mu mat?

Ñi am faj ci jamono bu baax, bu ñu jàppale ak faj ak soppi wàllu dund, man nañu dund ci wàllu yaram bu baax. Waaye ci ay xaalis, man na am xol bu metti ci wàllu xol.

Naka la ay sabab yu xol bu xewul ci ndaw yi?

Ci ndaw yi, sigara, kolesteroor bu gëna kawe, yàggu ci yaram, amul yëngu-yëngu, ak ay xaalis yu juddu ci xol man nañu japp xol bu xewul.

Naka la war a seetlu ci lekk ci wàllu xol bu xewul?

War nañu jëfandikoo legéey, meññeef, cereale yu mat, jën ak yàpp yu baax; war nañu yëngu ci yàpp yu am doomu yàpp ak trans, sel ak sukër.

Naka la man a tàmbali yëngu-yëngu ci ginnaaw xol bu xewul?

Yëngu-yëngu ci ginnaaw xol bu xewul, war nañu tàmbali ko ci fajkat bi ak ci wàllu xol.

Naka la kenn bu am xol bu xewul man a nekk ci fajukaay ba ci kanam?

Jamono jii, ci kaw xol bu xewul ak faj bi ñu def, man na soppi. Loolu man na am ci fan yu bare walla ci ay ayubés.

Naka la war a def bu amee xol bu metti ci askan wi?

Askani xol bu metti ci askan wi, mooy risk bu mag. War nañu bañ a naan sigara, lekk bu baax, yëngu-yëngu ak seetlu xol bu yomb.

Naka la stress man a japp xol bu xewul?

Stress bu yàgg, man na japp xol bu xewul ci yeneen yoon. War nañu bañ a am stress walla jëfandikoo yoon yu baax ci jàppale.

Xibaar yu am solo

• World Health Organization (WHO): Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) Fact Sheet.

• American Heart Association (AHA): Heart Attack Symptoms, Risk, and Recovery.

• European Society of Cardiology (ESC): Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction.

• US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Heart Disease Facts.

• New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, Circulation (Peer-reviewed medical journals).