Ko e ngaahi me'a 'oku totonu ke ke 'ilo fekau'aki mo e Pnemonia

Ko e hā e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻo e Zatürre (Pnömoni)?

Ko e Pnömoni ko ha mahaki fakainfectious ʻoku masani ke ne uesia ʻa e huhuʻa, pea ʻoku totonu ke tokanga ki ai he ʻoku malava ke ne fakatupu ha faingataʻa lahi pea ʻe lava ke mate ʻa e tangata kapau ʻe ʻikai ke fai ha faitoʻo. ʻOku faingofua ke mamata ki he ngaahi fakaʻilonga hange ko e mafana lahi ʻoku kamata fakavave, hiva mo e ongo mafana, tale, pea mo e ngaahi sputum ʻoku lahi mo ʻi ai ha lanu (kulokula, lanumata pe lanu kava). Ka ʻi ai foki ha ngaahi fa'ahinga Pnömoni ʻoku kamata ai ʻaki ha ngaahi ʻaho siʻi ʻo mole ai e fiemālie ʻi he kai, vaivai, mamahi ʻi he ngaahi hui mo e ngaahi huiʻosi, pea ʻi he kuonga ki mui ange ʻe hoko ai ha tale mamahi, mafana lahi, ongo puke, mamahi ʻi he ʻulu pea ʻikai masani ke puke. ʻOku lahi ange e vave ʻo e hā ʻi he hā, hiva ʻi he uma, fakamālohi, mo e ongo vaivai lahi ʻi he sino.

ʻOku malava ke fakafalala ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ni mo e ngaahi mahaki hange ko e mahaki mālōlō. Ka ʻoku faingataʻa ange ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga pe ʻikai ke toe lelei ʻi ha ngaahi ʻaho siʻi, ʻoku mahuʻinga ke fetuʻutaki vave ki ha tokotaha ngaue fakafaitoʻo, tautefito ki he kakai ʻoku ʻi he kulupu faingataʻa, ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku ʻikai ko e zatürre.

Fakatokangaʻi Fefe ʻa e Pnömoni?

ʻI he alu ki he tokotaha faitoʻo, ʻe fai ha sivi fakamisini mo kapau ʻe mamata ki he ngaahi fakaʻilonga totonu, ʻe fakapapauʻi ʻaki ha X-ray ʻo e huhuʻa. ʻI he ngaahi tuʻunga kehe, ʻe fiemaʻu foki ha sivi toto mo ha sample sputum. ʻOku mahuʻinga lahi ke vave ke fakatokangaʻi ke lava lelei ai e faitoʻo.

ʻOku Fakatupu Fakaʻinfectious ʻa e Zatürre (Pnömoni)?

ʻOku faingofua ke fakatupu ʻa e Pnömoni ʻe he ngaahi baketelia, vailasi pe ngaahi fungus siʻi. ʻOku lahi hono fakatupu ʻe he ngaahi mahaki ʻi ʻolunga ʻo e hala manava (hange ko e flu) pea ʻoku faingofua ke tufaki ʻi he tale mo e kihikihi. Foki, ʻoku malava ke tupu e fakatupu fakaʻinfectious ʻi he fetuʻutaki mo e ngaahi meʻangaue hange ko e ipu inu, sipuni, pe tauelangi ʻoku ngaueʻaki ʻe he tokotaha puke.

ʻOku faingataʻa ange ʻa e zatürre ki he fānau siʻi, kau motuʻa, kakai ʻoku vaivai e sisitemi fakahaofi, pe kau ʻoku ʻi ai ha mahaki tuʻuloa, pea ʻoku ma'olunga e faingataʻa ke hoko ha ngaahi complication. ʻI māmani lahi, ʻoku kau ʻa e pnömoni ʻi he ngaahi mahaki fakainfectious ʻoku lahi taha mo fakatupu mate lahi taha.

Ko e hā e ngaahi Risk Factor ʻoku fakatupu ai e Pnömoni?

ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi tuʻunga ʻoku faingofua ai ke hoko e pnömoni. ʻOku kau ai:

• Moʻui motuʻa: ʻOku ma'olunga e faingataʻa ki he kakai ʻoku ʻi ʻolunga he taʻu 65.

• Mahaki Tuʻuloa: Asthma, KOAH, bronşektazi, mahaki huhuʻa pe loto, mahaki kava pe ate, diabetes mo e vaivai ʻo e sisitemi fakahaofi (hange ko e AIDS, mahaki toto, pe fakatonuhia ʻo e sino).

• Fakatauʻatāina ki he tapaka mo e ʻaloko: ʻOku vaivai ai e maluʻi ʻo e huhuʻa.

• Faingataʻa ʻi he ʻumeʻume: Tautefito ki he stroke, mahaki fakafaitoʻo, pe ngaahi faingataʻa ʻoku uesia ai e hui pe sisitemi neva.

• Kusū lahi pe e hū ʻo e konga ʻo e manava ki he hala manava (Aspiration)

• Fai ha ngaahi fakamalohi lahi ʻi he taimi kuo hili

• ʻI he taimi ʻoku lahi ai e tufaki ʻo e flu mo e ngaahi mahaki vailasi tatau

Ko hono ʻiloʻi e ngaahi meʻa ni mo e feinga ke puleʻi e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku malava, ʻe tokoni ke fakasiʻisiʻi e faingataʻa ke hoko e pnömoni.

Ko e hā e ngaahi founga maluʻi mei he Pnömoni?

ʻOku malava ke fakalakalaka e ngaahi founga maluʻi mei he zatürre ʻi he ngaahi konga kehekehe:

• Faitoʻo lelei ʻo e ngaahi mahaki tuʻuloa mo e sivi fakataimi mo e tokotaha faitoʻo

• Kai lelei mo feʻunga, tauhi ke ʻoua naʻa mafatia ʻi he fakamamahi

• Tokanga ki he ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fakamaʻa (fufulu nima fakataimi, tauhi ke mamaʻo mei he ngaahi feituʻu kimuʻa)

• Tauhi ke ʻoua naʻa inu tapaka, ʻaloko mo e ngaahi meʻa fakalavea

• Fai e ngaahi meʻa maluʻi ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga ʻoku faingataʻa ai e ʻumeʻume

• ʻI he taimi ʻoku lahi ai e flu, tauhi ke mamaʻo mei he ngaahi feituʻu kimuʻa, ngaueʻaki e maski

• ʻI he ngaahi kakai ʻoku vaivai e sisitemi fakahaofi mo e kulupu faingataʻa, tauhi lelei e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fakamaʻa ʻi he ngaahi tokoua ʻi he kolo

ʻOku malava ke maluʻi ʻaki e ngaahi vaʻinga mo e ngaahi fa'ahinga pnömoni ʻi he tui. Tautefito ki he vailasi flu, ʻoku malava ke ne fakatupu pe ia e pnömoni pe ne vaivaiʻi e sino ke hoko ai ha pnömoni baketelia. Ko ia ai, ʻoku mahuʻinga ke tui flu ʻi he taimi ʻoku fokotuʻu ai (masani ʻi Sēpitema-Kōvema), tautefito ki he kakai ʻoku vaivai e maluʻi pe ʻi he kulupu faingataʻa.

Ko e hā e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻoku fiemaʻu ai e tui Pnömokok?

Ko e Streptococcus pneumoniae ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi baketelia ʻoku faingofua taha ke fakatupu zatürre ʻi māmani. ʻOku fokotuʻu e tui Pnömokok ki he kakai ʻoku ʻi ʻolunga he taʻu 65, kau mahaki loto-huhuʻa-tuʻuloa, diabetics, kakai kuo toʻo e spleen, kau ʻoku ʻi ai ha mahaki toto, mahaki kava tuʻuloa pe vaivai e sisitemi fakahaofi. ʻOku fiemaʻu foki ke tui ki he kakai ʻoku vaivai e maluʻi mo e kau matuʻa ʻoku ʻi ai e AIDS. ʻOku tui ʻi loto hui pea ʻoku malava ke toe tui ʻi he taʻu 5.

ʻOua te ke tui ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻi ai ha mahaki flu pe mafana lahi. Foki, ʻoku ʻikai totonu ke tui flu ki he kakai ʻoku ʻi ai ha allergy ki he fuʻu moa. ʻOku faingofua mo vave ke mole e ngaahi ngaahi kovi ʻo e tui flu mo e tui pnömokok; mamahi pe kulokula ʻi he feituʻu tui, vaivai siʻi mo mafana siʻi.

Faitoʻo Fefe ʻa e Zatürre (Pnömoni)?

ʻOku malava ke faitoʻo e ngaahi meʻa lahi ʻo e pnömoni ʻi ʻapi, ka ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga faingataʻa pe kulupu faingataʻa ʻoku fiemaʻu ke sioʻi ʻi falemahaki. ʻOku fakahoko e faitoʻo ʻe he tokotaha faitoʻo ʻi he tuʻunga ʻo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga, tuʻunga fakafaitoʻo mo e faingataʻa ʻo e mahaki. ʻOku masani ke fokotuʻu e ngaahi meʻa hange ko e antibiotics (ki he pnömoni baketelia), ngaahi meʻa fakasiʻisiʻi mafana mo e inu vai lahi. ʻI he ngaahi tuʻunga faingataʻa, ʻoku fiemaʻu ke tokangaʻi ʻi falemahaki mo e tokoni manava pe ICU.

ʻOku mahuʻinga ke kamata vave e faitoʻo ke ma'olunga ai e faingamalie ʻo e moʻui. Ka ʻoku ma'olunga e faingataʻa ʻo e complication mo e mate kapau ʻe tomui e faitoʻo pe faingataʻa e mahaki. Ko ia ai, ʻoku totonu ke muimui lelei e kau mahaki ki he ngaahi fokotuʻu ʻa e tokotaha faitoʻo ʻi he taimi ʻo e moʻui.

Ngaahi Fehuʻi Fakaʻataʻata

1. ʻOku fakatupu fakaʻinfectious ʻa e zatürre (pnömoni)?

ʻOku malava ke fakatupu fakaʻinfectious ʻa e ngaahi fa'ahinga zatürre ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he vailasi mo e baketelia. Tautefito ki he ngaahi mahaki ʻi ʻolunga ʻo e hala manava (hange ko e flu) ʻoku lahi hono fakatupu fakaʻinfectious, ka ʻoku ʻikai ke tatau hono fakatupu fakaʻinfectious ʻo e ngaahi meʻa kotoa ʻoku fakatupu pnömoni.

2. Ko e hā e ngaahi kulupu taʻu ʻoku faingataʻa ange ai e zatürre?

Tautefito ki he fānau foʻou, fānau siʻi, kakai motuʻa ʻi ʻolunga he taʻu 65, kau ʻoku ʻi ai ha mahaki tuʻuloa mo e kakai ʻoku vaivai e sisitemi fakahaofi, ʻoku faingataʻa ange pea fakatuʻutāmaki e zatürre.

3. Ko e hā e ngaahi fakaʻilonga kamata ʻo e zatürre?

ʻI he kamata, ʻe malava ke mamata ki he mafana, hiva, ongo mafana, tale mo e sputum. ʻE malava ke kau foki e vaivai, mole fiemālie ʻi he kai mo e mamahi ʻi he ʻulu.

4. Fakatokangaʻi fefe ʻa e pnömoni?

ʻOku fakatokangaʻi ʻe he sivi ʻa e tokotaha faitoʻo, X-ray ʻo e huhuʻa mo kapau ʻoku totonu, sivi toto pe sputum.

5. Ko e hā e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻoku totonu ke u alu ki he tokotaha faitoʻo?

Kapau ʻoku mafana lahi, tale mamahi, liliu lanu ʻo e sputum, faingataʻa ʻi he manava pe ongo vaivai lahi, ʻoku totonu ke u alu vave ki he tokotaha faitoʻo.

6. ʻOku malava ke faitoʻo e zatürre ʻi ʻapi?

ʻI he ngaahi tuʻunga siʻi, ʻoku malava ke moʻui ʻaki e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku fokotuʻu ʻe he tokotaha faitoʻo mo e tokanga lelei. Ka ʻoku faingataʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga, ʻoku ʻi he kulupu faingataʻa pe kuo faingataʻa ange e tuʻunga, ʻoku totonu ke alu ki falemahaki.

7. Ko hai ʻoku fokotuʻu ke tui grip mo pnömokok?

Kakai ʻoku ʻi ʻolunga he taʻu 65, kau ʻoku ʻi ai ha mahaki tuʻuloa, kakai ʻoku vaivai e maluʻi mo e kulupu faingataʻa kotoa pē. ʻOku malava ke ke kole fakamatala mei he tokotaha faitoʻo fekauʻaki mo hoʻo ngaahi faingataʻa fakatautaha.

8. Fēfē hono moʻui mei he pnömoni?

ʻOku lahi e kakai ʻoku moʻui kakato ʻi he ngaahi uike siʻi. Ka ʻi he motuʻa, ʻi ai ha mahaki tuʻuloa pe tuʻunga faingataʻa, ʻe loloa ange e taimi moʻui. ʻOku fokotuʻu ke malōlō lelei mo muimui ki he sivi ʻa e tokotaha faitoʻo.

9. ʻE malava ke toe hoko e zatürre?

ʻIo, ʻoku malava ke hoko e zatürre lahi ange ki ha tokotaha. ʻOku faingofua ange kapau ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi risk factor ʻi lalo.

10. Ko e hā e faingataʻa ʻo e tui?

ʻOku faingofua mo vave ke mole; mamahi ʻi he feituʻu tui, mafana siʻi, vaivai. Kapau ʻe hoko ha ngaahi faingataʻa lahi, ʻoku totonu ke kumi tokoni fakafaitoʻo.

11. ʻOku fakalahi e tapaka mo e ʻaloko e faingataʻa ʻo e pnömoni?

ʻIo, ʻoku fakalahi e inu tapaka mo e ʻaloko lahi e faingataʻa ʻo e pnömoni ʻaki hono vaivaiʻi e maluʻi ʻo e huhuʻa.

12. Kapau kuo u puke zatürre, fēfē ke u maluʻi au?

Malōlō, inu vai lahi, ngaueʻaki lelei e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku fokotuʻu ʻe he tokotaha faitoʻo; ʻoua te ke fai ha ngaahi ngaue mamafa mo tauhi ke mamaʻo mei he kakai kehe.

13. Ko e hā e founga lelei taha ke maluʻi mei he zatürre?

Ko e ma'u huhu, tauhi lelei 'a e ngaahi tu'utu'uni fakama'a, pule'i lelei 'a e ngaahi me'a fakatu'utamaki, pea mo e 'oua na'a tuku kehe 'a e ngaahi sivi fakafaito'o anga ma'ama'a ko e ngaahi founga lelei taha ke malu'i mei he pneumonia.

Ngaahi Konga Fakamālie

• Kautaha Mo'ui 'a Mamani (WHO), Vakai lahi ki he mahaki pneumonia mo e ngaahi lipooti pneumonia fakalakalaka

• Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Pneumonia — Puipui, ngaahi faka'ilonga, mo e faito'o

• Kautaha European Respiratory Society (ERS), Pneumonia: Ngaahi Takiekina mo e Ngaahi Fakatonutonu

• Kautaha American Thoracic Society (ATS), Ngaahi Takiekina Pneumonia 'oku ma'u mei he Kolo

• The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Mamafa fakalakalaka mo fakavahevahe 'o e ngaahi fakafoki falemahaki koe'uhi ko e pneumonia