Te Mama o te Uma: Ngā Pūtake, Ngā Tohu, me te Wā e Tika ai te Toro ki te Rata
Mamae Ū
He tohu pea te mamae ū mō ngā raruraru hauora rerekē, ā, i ētahi wā me hohoro te kimi āwhina rongoā. Ina koa ka puta nā ngā mate nui e pā ana ki te manawa me ngā pūkahukahu, he mea nui kia whai whakaaro nui ki te mamae ū. Ko tētahi wāhanga nui o ngā hāere ki ngā ratonga ohotata puta noa i te ao, nā te mamae ū.
He aha ngā tino take o te Mamae Ū?
He maha ngā pūtake o te mamae ū. Ko ngā tino mate ko ngā mate o te manawa me ngā pūkahukahu, engari he maha anō ngā take māmā ake, rangitahi rānei, ka hua ai te mamae.
Ngā Take e Pā ana ki te Manawa
Mate manawa (mate ohorere o te uaua manawa): Ka pā mai i te aukatinga o ngā uaua e whāngai ana i te manawa; he maha ka rongo i te pēhanga, te kākā, te tino mamae hoki.
Angina: Nā te hekenga o te rere toto ki te manawa, ka puta te mamae, ina koa i te whakapau kaha, he pēhanga, he kī tonu te āhua o te mamae.
Wehenga aorta: Ka pakaru te uaua aorta, ka puta te mamae ū ohorere, tino kaha.
Pericarditis me te myocarditis: Ka pā mai i te mumura o te kiri o te manawa, o te uaua manawa rānei; he maha ka kino ake te mamae ina manawa, ina takoto hoki.
Ngā Take e Pūtake ana i ngā Pūkahukahu
Emboli pūkahukahu: Ka aukati ohorere te uaua pūkahukahu e te pokekore, ka tino raru te manawa me te mamae.
Mumura o te kiri pūkahukahu (pleurisy): Ka puta te mamae koi, ka kaha ake i te manawa, i te maremare rānei.
Pneumothorax: Ka puta te hau i ngā pūkahukahu, ka hē te pūkahukahu; ka puta te mamae ohorere, kaha, me te uaua ki te manawa.
Pneumonia: He mumura o te pūkahukahu; ka kitea te kirikaa, te maremare me te mamae ū.
Bronchitis, mate huango me te COPD: Nā te koretake, te mumura rānei o ngā ara manawa, ka puta te mamae ū me te uaua ki te manawa.
Ngā Take e Pūtake ana i te Pūnaha Whakakōtuitui Kai
Reflux (Gastroesophageal reflux): Ka hoki te waikawa puku ki te korokoro, ka rongo i te mamae ū, te wera, ā, i ētahi wā ka tae te wai kawa ki te waha.
Ngā raruraru o te korokoro: Ka uaua te horomia, ka pā mai rānei te kōpuku uaua, ka puta te mamae ū.
Ngā mate o te pūkōwhai me te pancreas: Ka pā mai te mamae e pā ana ki te pūkōwhai, te mumura o te pancreas, ka taea te rongo i te mamae e toro atu ana ki te ū.
Ngā Take e Pūtake ana i te Pūnaha Uaua-Kōiwi
Kostokondritis: Ko te mumura o te kōiwi ngohengohe e hono ana i te kōiwi ū me ngā kōiwi riu, he mamae e kitea nuitia ana.
Ngā mamae uaua me te fibromyalgia: Ka kitea i te hunga e pā ana ki te mamae uaua ongaonga, ongo tonu rānei.
Ngā wharanga kōiwi riu: Ka pakaru, ka whati rānei ngā kōiwi riu, ka kaha ake te mamae ina pā, ina neke rānei.
Ngā Take Hinengaro me Ētahi Atu Take
Panikihanga: Ka tere te patuki o te manawa, ka werawera, ka āmaimai, ā, ka rongo hoki i te mamae ū kaha me te māharahara.
Herpes zoster: Nā te whakahokinga mai o te huaketo mate rewharewha wai, ka puta ngā pokenga mamae ki te tinana me te wāhi ū.
Ētahi atu: Ka taea te mamae ū nā te maremare kaha, te uaua ki te manawa mō te wā roa, me ngā raruraru manawa motuhake.
Ngā Tohu Ka Kitea Tahitia me te Mamae Ū
Ko ēnei tohu e piri ana ki te mamae, me arotake wawe:
Te rongo i te pēhanga, te kī tonu, te wera rānei ki te ū,
Te mamae ka toro atu ki te tuara, te kaki, te kauae, ngā ringa rānei,
Te mamae roa, kāore e mutu i te okiokinga, ka kino ake i te neke,
Te uaua ki te manawa,
Te werawera makariri,
Te āmaimai, te hinga rānei,
Te ruaki, te kākā rānei,
Te ngoikore whānui me te patuki o te manawa.
Ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei, he tohu pea nō waho atu i te manawa:
Te mamae ka puta anake i muri i te kai,
Te rongo i te wai kawa, te wai pākikini rānei ki te waha,
Te uaua ki te horomia,
Te mamae e rerekē ana i te tūnga o te tinana, i te manawa hōhonu rānei,
Ngā pokenga ki te kiri, te kirikaa, te rū rānei,
Te maremare kaha.
Me pēhea te Arotake i te Mamae Ū?
Ka tīmata ngā rata ki te kimi i te pūtake o te mamae ū mā te uiui taipitopito i te hītori o te tūroro me te tirotiro ā-tinana. Ko ngā pātai e ui nuitia ana:
Āhea, pēhea hoki te tīmatanga o te mamae?
He mau tonu te mamae, he wā anake rānei?
He pānga o te neke, te kai, te pēhanga hinengaro rānei?
Ka toro atu te mamae ki tētahi atu wāhi?
Kua pā mai tēnei āhuatanga i mua?
Ina hiahiatia, ko ngā whakamātautau matua ka whakamahia:
Electrocardiogram (ECG): Ka arotakehia te auau o te manawa me te kino pea o ngā uaua.
Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka tirohia ngā tohu kino o te uaua manawa (pērā i te troponin).
Whakaahua X-ray o te pūkahukahu: Ka arotakehia te āhua whānui o te manawa me ngā pūkahukahu.
CT scan: Ka rangahauhia ngā mate nui pērā i te emboli pūkahukahu, te wehenga aorta rānei.
He Kōrero mō te “Māuiui” me te Māuiui Puku (Māuiui Puku) i tua atu i te Mamae Ū
Ka taea e te māuiui makariri me te māuiui puku te whakaputa tohu e hāngai ana ki te mamae ū. He maha ka puta ēnei nā ngā huaketo.
Ngā Tohu o te Māuiui Makariri (Nazopharyngitis)
Te pupuhi, te rere rānei o te ihu,
Te mamae korokoro,
Te maremare,
Te mamae tinana whānui me te māhunga,
Te kirikaa māmā,
Te kihikihi me te ngoikore.
He rerekē ngā tohu i ia tangata, he māmā te nuinga. Ina taumaha, ina roa te kirikaa, te uaua ki te manawa, te tino ngoikore rānei, me kimi āwhina rongoā.
Ngā Tohu o te Māuiui Puku (Viral Gastroenteritis)
Te korere wai,
Te mamae puku me ngā kōpuku,
Te kākā me te ruaki,
Te mamae uaua me te māhunga,
Te kirikaa māmā.
He maha ka mutu i roto i ētahi rā; engari mēnā he kirikaa teitei, he tino ngaro wai, he toto i te tuuta, he ruaki tonu rānei, me tirohia e te rata.
Ngā Take o te Māuiui me ngā Ara Parenga
Ko te māuiui makariri ka pā mai i te huaketo rhinovirus, ko te māuiui puku nā te norovirus me te rotavirus. Ka horapa ngā mate mā te maremare, te kihikihi, te pātata, te whakamahi i ngā taonga poke rānei.
Kia tiakina ai koe:
Horoia ngā ringa ki te hopi i ngā wā katoa,
Kia tawhiti i te hunga māuiui,
Horoia ngā kai, ū ki ngā tikanga hauora,
Kaua e whakamahi tahi i ngā taonga.
Ngā Tikanga Rongoā me ngā Ara Tautoko
He huaketo te pūtake o te māuiui makariri me te māuiui puku, nō reira kāore e pai ana ngā rongoā paturopi. Ko te nuinga he āwhina ki te whakangāwari i ngā tohu:
Mō te māuiui makariri:
Inumia te wai nui,
Kia inu i ngā inu wera pērā i te hupa,
Whakangā,
Gargle ki te wai tote hei āwhina i te mamae korokoro.
Mō te māuiui puku:
Kia whakatā i te kai, inumia te wai nui,
Kia kai i ngā kai māmā te momi,
Whakangā nui,
Kaua e hoatu rongoā korere ki ngā tamariki mehemea kāore i tohutohungia e te rata.
Āhea Me Haere Ohotata Mō te Mamae Ū?
Mēnā ka pā mai ēnei āhuatanga, me hohoro te haere ki te ratonga ohotata:
He ohorere, he kaha te mamae ū, kāore e mutu i te okiokinga,
Ka piri te uaua ki te manawa, te patuki o te manawa, te werawera, te kākā, te āmaimai,
He mamae ka toro atu ki te tuara, te kaki, ngā ringa rānei,
Mēnā he mate manawa, mate pūkahukahu rānei kua mōhiotia, kua kaha ake ngā tohumate.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. He tohu tonu te mamae ū mō te mate manawa?
Kāo, he maha ngā take o te mamae ū. Engari, ina ohorere, ina kaha, ina roa te mamae, me whakakore te tūponotanga o te mate manawa.
2. Ka taea e te māuiui makariri te whakaputa mamae ū?
He onge, engari nā te maremare me te mamae uaua e pā ana ki ngā mate huarahi manawa runga, ka rongo pea i te mamae māmā ki te ū.
3. Ka taea e te māuiui puku te whakaputa mamae ū?
I ētahi tāngata, nā ngā kōpuku puku kaha, nā te reflux rānei, ka rongo i te raru ki te ū.
4. Āhea me haere ohotata?
Mēnā ka tīmata ohorere, kāore e mutu i te okiokinga, ka uaua ki te manawa, ka werawera, ka toro te mamae ki ngā ringa, me haere tonu ki te ohotata.
5. He aha te take o te mamae uaua ki te ū?
He maha ngā wā ka puta te mamae o te uma nā te whakapākaha nui, te tū kino, te wharanga uaua rānei; engari mēnā he tino kaha, he mau tonu te mamae, he āhuatanga kē anō hoki e piri ana, me arotake tētahi rata.
6. Ka taea e te Covid-19 te whakaputa mamae uma?
Āe, ina koa i ngā mate huaketo manawa kaha, i te pānga rānei ki te pūkahukahu ka rongo i te mamae o te uma. Me rapu wawe i te āwhina hauora i ēnei āhuatanga.
7. Ka whai pānga te pūnaha mimiti kai ki te mamae uma?
Āe. Ina koa ka hoki te waikawa puku ki te korokoro (reflü) me ngā mate o te korokoro, ka puta pea te mamae uma i muri i te kai.
8. He tino taumaha te mamae uma i ngā tamariki?
Ehara i te mea he tino taumaha te nuinga o ngā take i ngā tamariki, engari mēnā he mau tonu, he kaha rānei te mamae me toro ki te rata.
9. He aha ngā mahi ka taea i te kāinga mō te mamae uaua o te uma?
He pai te whakatā, he korikori māmā, he whakamahana, ā, mēnā e tika ana, he rongoā mamae māmā. Me tono tohutohu rata mēnā he āwangawanga.
10. Me pēhea te tiaki i a koe anake kia mutu rā anō te māuiui o te puku?
Me inu wai nui, kai i ngā kai māmā, me te whakatā. Mēnā he tino kaha ngā tohu, me toro ki te rata.
11. Ina pā tahi te mamae uma me te tuarā, he aha ngā mate ka whakaarohia?
Ka taea te mate whatumanawa, ngā raruraru pūnaha uaua-hanga kōiwi, ngā raruraru o te tuaiwi, o te kōpae rānei te take o te mamae.
12. He aha te tikanga o te mamae i raro i te uma matau?
Tērā pea nō te ate, te kōpū pātū, te pūkahukahu, te pūnaha uaua-hanga kōiwi rānei; mēnā he tino kaha, he roa rānei te mamae me tirohia e te rata.
13. He mea nui te mamae o te pito o te uma?
I ētahi wā ka pā ki ngā rerekētanga homoni, ki ngā take māmā rānei, engari mēnā he mau tonu, kāore e ngaro te mamae, me arotake te rata.
14. Ka taea te mamae uma nā ngā take hinengaro?
Āe. Ka taea e te mate māharahara me te mate ohorere te whakaputa mamae uma; he maha ka whakatūria tēnei mate i muri i te kīhai i kitea he take tinana kē atu.
15. Me aha hei ārai i te mamae uma?
Ko te tiaki i te hauora whatumanawa me te pūkahukahu, te korikori tinana auau, me te whakahaere i ngā mate mauroa ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te tūpono o te mamae uma.
Ngā Rauemi
Te Rōpū Hauora o te Ao (WHO), Chest pain: assessment and management
Te Rōpū Whatumanawa o Amerika (AHA), Warning Signs of a Heart Attack
Te Rōpū Pūkahukahu o Amerika (ALA), Classification and Causes of Chest Pain
Ngā Pokapū Manaaki Mate o Amerika (CDC), Common Colds and Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
Mayo Clinic, Chest pain: First aid
European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Cardiac causes of chest pain
UpToDate, Initial evaluation of the adult patient with chest pain in the emergency department